Ultimate 4th Class Part A Power Engineering
Study Guide Questions With Complete
Solutions
Velocity (m/s) - Answer-Change in position / time
Acceleration (m/s^2) - Answer-Change in velocity (m/s) / time (s)
Force (Newton) - Answer-mass (kg) x acceleration (m/s^2) , any action on a body that
tends to change its size, shape, or its state of rest or motion
Force of Gravity - Answer-mass (kg) x 9.81 m/s^2
Pressure (Pa) - Answer-Force (N) / area (m^2)
Work (J) - Answer-Force (N) x distance (m)
Power - Answer-Work done / time , Rate of doing work
Potential Energy (J) - Answer-mass x gravity x height , the ability of a body to do work
due by virtue of its position
Kinetic Energy (J) - Answer-1/2 x mass x velocity^2 , The ability of a body to do work
due to its motion
Energy (J) - Answer-The capacity of a body to do work
Tonne - Answer-1000 kilograms
Moment of Force (Nm) - Answer-Force (N) x Distance (m) , A force, acting on a body at
any distance from a point on that body, will tend to produce rotation around that point
Clockwise Moments - Answer-Equal to Counter-clockwise moments
Upward Forces - Answer-Equal to Downward forces
Actual Mechanical Advantage (Ma) - Answer-Load (N) / Effort (N)
Velocity Ratio (VR) - Answer-Distance moved by Effort / Distance moved by Load
,Efficiency - Answer-Output Work / Input Work
Temperature - Answer-A measure of the speed at which the body's molecules vibrate
(higher=higher speed)
Heat - Answer-Measure of the sum quantity of internal vibrational energy in a substance
Bimetal Thermometer - Answer-Two dissimilar metals are rigidly fixed together and will
bend with temp. change due to their different coefficients of linear expansion
Pyrometer - Answer-Measures temp. at the surface of an object
Thermoelectric Pyrometer - Answer-Uses a thermocouple to produce an electric voltage
which is proportional to temperature
Optical Pyrometer - Answer-Uses the brightness of an object and compares it to a
filament to give the proportional temp.
Infrared Thermometer - Answer-Detects infrared energy emissions to measure temp.
Sensible Heat - Answer-Heat that can be sensed or detected
Latent Heat - Answer-Does not cause a change in temperature when added or
removed, but causes a substance to change state
Specific Heat - Answer-The quantity of heat required to raise the temp. of a unit of mass
of the substance by one degree
Quantity or heat absorbed by a substance as it increases in temperature depends on: -
Answer-Temperature rise, Mass of the substance, Specific heat of the substance
Thermal Expansion of Plant Equipment - Answer-Thermal conditions cause
components to expand or contract. Ex. Length of a rod will increase in length when it is
raised in temperature
Heat Transfer - Answer-Happens between two bodies if they are different temperatures.
Higher temp. will go to lower temp.
Conduction - Answer-Transfer from molecule to molecule within an individual substance
or from the molecules of one body to those of another body in direct contact with the
first one
,Convection - Answer-Takes place only in liquids or gases. Involves the movement of
matter and the heat contained within the matter
Radiation - Answer-Transmission of energy via electromagnetic waves
Boiler Efficiency - Answer-Heat given to the steam / Heat supplied by the fuel
Cross-hatching - Answer-Used to show materials of construction in a sketch
Key View - Answer-AKA Front view
Centre/Foundation Lines - Answer-Lightly drawn lines that show the main portion of the
sketch
Proper number of views necessary in a sketch - Answer-6 Views
Dimension Lines - Answer-Used to indicate distance between two points
Section Lines - Answer-Drawn at a 45 degrees, show constructional details of an
objects parts
Most Common Views of a Sketch - Answer-Front, Plan (top), Side
P&ID - Answer-Piping and Instrumentation Diagram , Uses a flow diagram to represent
process flows , Does not show monitoring devices
Welding Gas Line Colours - Answer-Oxygen=green, Acetylene=red
SMAW - Answer-Shielded Metal Arc Welding , Ises DC or AC current , Heat generated
depends on current (amps)
Welding Machines - Answer-Power provided by generators or transformers , Supply AC,
DC, or a mix of both , DC is either supplied as DC electrode negative (DCEN) or DC
electrode positive (DCEP)
Electrodes - Answer-Wire covered in flux , Metal is the same as the parent metal , As
flux burns, gaseous inert atmosphere is created to push oxygen and moisture away
from weld
Heat Treatment - Answer-Different proceduces performed on materials to improve their
mechanical properties
2 Main Types of Welds - Answer-Fillet and Groove
Ferrous Metal - Answer-Contains iron and carbon
, Non-ferrous Metal - Answer-Little to no carbon , Cannot be cut with an oxy-fuel torch,
Non-magnetic
Brinell Tester - Answer-Tests Hardness
Charpy Test - Answer-Tests toughness
When an injury related investigation is taking place - Answer-Work being done at a site
may be suspended until any serious safety hazards are corrected
Brass - Answer-An alloy of copper and zinc.
Wrought Iron - Answer-Resultant from removing almost all the impurities and carbon
from Pig iron
Z94.1 - Answer-Protective headwear
Z94.3 - Answer-Protective Eyewear
Z94.2 - Answer-Hearing Protection
Z94.4 - Answer-Respiratory Protection
Z195 - Answer-Protective Footwear
Visual Testing - Answer-Easiest and cheapest method of weld testing
Cobalt - Answer-Radioactive material used in Radiography
Employer - Answer-Holds responsibility to ensure than an emergency plan is in place
19.5% - Answer-Minimum level of oxygen necessary in a confined space
Flash Point of a Liquid - Answer-The temperature at which the liquid will form a gas and
burn
Burning of Hydrocarbons - Answer-The fuel must be vaporized
Gas Cylinder Storage - Answer-Should be upright in order to prevent liquefied product
from escaping
Gas Blanket - Answer-Prevents ingress of air into storage vessels
6 m - Answer-Minimum for oxygen and acetylene storage distance apart
Cylinder Valve - Answer-Most easily damaged part of the vessel
Study Guide Questions With Complete
Solutions
Velocity (m/s) - Answer-Change in position / time
Acceleration (m/s^2) - Answer-Change in velocity (m/s) / time (s)
Force (Newton) - Answer-mass (kg) x acceleration (m/s^2) , any action on a body that
tends to change its size, shape, or its state of rest or motion
Force of Gravity - Answer-mass (kg) x 9.81 m/s^2
Pressure (Pa) - Answer-Force (N) / area (m^2)
Work (J) - Answer-Force (N) x distance (m)
Power - Answer-Work done / time , Rate of doing work
Potential Energy (J) - Answer-mass x gravity x height , the ability of a body to do work
due by virtue of its position
Kinetic Energy (J) - Answer-1/2 x mass x velocity^2 , The ability of a body to do work
due to its motion
Energy (J) - Answer-The capacity of a body to do work
Tonne - Answer-1000 kilograms
Moment of Force (Nm) - Answer-Force (N) x Distance (m) , A force, acting on a body at
any distance from a point on that body, will tend to produce rotation around that point
Clockwise Moments - Answer-Equal to Counter-clockwise moments
Upward Forces - Answer-Equal to Downward forces
Actual Mechanical Advantage (Ma) - Answer-Load (N) / Effort (N)
Velocity Ratio (VR) - Answer-Distance moved by Effort / Distance moved by Load
,Efficiency - Answer-Output Work / Input Work
Temperature - Answer-A measure of the speed at which the body's molecules vibrate
(higher=higher speed)
Heat - Answer-Measure of the sum quantity of internal vibrational energy in a substance
Bimetal Thermometer - Answer-Two dissimilar metals are rigidly fixed together and will
bend with temp. change due to their different coefficients of linear expansion
Pyrometer - Answer-Measures temp. at the surface of an object
Thermoelectric Pyrometer - Answer-Uses a thermocouple to produce an electric voltage
which is proportional to temperature
Optical Pyrometer - Answer-Uses the brightness of an object and compares it to a
filament to give the proportional temp.
Infrared Thermometer - Answer-Detects infrared energy emissions to measure temp.
Sensible Heat - Answer-Heat that can be sensed or detected
Latent Heat - Answer-Does not cause a change in temperature when added or
removed, but causes a substance to change state
Specific Heat - Answer-The quantity of heat required to raise the temp. of a unit of mass
of the substance by one degree
Quantity or heat absorbed by a substance as it increases in temperature depends on: -
Answer-Temperature rise, Mass of the substance, Specific heat of the substance
Thermal Expansion of Plant Equipment - Answer-Thermal conditions cause
components to expand or contract. Ex. Length of a rod will increase in length when it is
raised in temperature
Heat Transfer - Answer-Happens between two bodies if they are different temperatures.
Higher temp. will go to lower temp.
Conduction - Answer-Transfer from molecule to molecule within an individual substance
or from the molecules of one body to those of another body in direct contact with the
first one
,Convection - Answer-Takes place only in liquids or gases. Involves the movement of
matter and the heat contained within the matter
Radiation - Answer-Transmission of energy via electromagnetic waves
Boiler Efficiency - Answer-Heat given to the steam / Heat supplied by the fuel
Cross-hatching - Answer-Used to show materials of construction in a sketch
Key View - Answer-AKA Front view
Centre/Foundation Lines - Answer-Lightly drawn lines that show the main portion of the
sketch
Proper number of views necessary in a sketch - Answer-6 Views
Dimension Lines - Answer-Used to indicate distance between two points
Section Lines - Answer-Drawn at a 45 degrees, show constructional details of an
objects parts
Most Common Views of a Sketch - Answer-Front, Plan (top), Side
P&ID - Answer-Piping and Instrumentation Diagram , Uses a flow diagram to represent
process flows , Does not show monitoring devices
Welding Gas Line Colours - Answer-Oxygen=green, Acetylene=red
SMAW - Answer-Shielded Metal Arc Welding , Ises DC or AC current , Heat generated
depends on current (amps)
Welding Machines - Answer-Power provided by generators or transformers , Supply AC,
DC, or a mix of both , DC is either supplied as DC electrode negative (DCEN) or DC
electrode positive (DCEP)
Electrodes - Answer-Wire covered in flux , Metal is the same as the parent metal , As
flux burns, gaseous inert atmosphere is created to push oxygen and moisture away
from weld
Heat Treatment - Answer-Different proceduces performed on materials to improve their
mechanical properties
2 Main Types of Welds - Answer-Fillet and Groove
Ferrous Metal - Answer-Contains iron and carbon
, Non-ferrous Metal - Answer-Little to no carbon , Cannot be cut with an oxy-fuel torch,
Non-magnetic
Brinell Tester - Answer-Tests Hardness
Charpy Test - Answer-Tests toughness
When an injury related investigation is taking place - Answer-Work being done at a site
may be suspended until any serious safety hazards are corrected
Brass - Answer-An alloy of copper and zinc.
Wrought Iron - Answer-Resultant from removing almost all the impurities and carbon
from Pig iron
Z94.1 - Answer-Protective headwear
Z94.3 - Answer-Protective Eyewear
Z94.2 - Answer-Hearing Protection
Z94.4 - Answer-Respiratory Protection
Z195 - Answer-Protective Footwear
Visual Testing - Answer-Easiest and cheapest method of weld testing
Cobalt - Answer-Radioactive material used in Radiography
Employer - Answer-Holds responsibility to ensure than an emergency plan is in place
19.5% - Answer-Minimum level of oxygen necessary in a confined space
Flash Point of a Liquid - Answer-The temperature at which the liquid will form a gas and
burn
Burning of Hydrocarbons - Answer-The fuel must be vaporized
Gas Cylinder Storage - Answer-Should be upright in order to prevent liquefied product
from escaping
Gas Blanket - Answer-Prevents ingress of air into storage vessels
6 m - Answer-Minimum for oxygen and acetylene storage distance apart
Cylinder Valve - Answer-Most easily damaged part of the vessel
