GEOL 105 (2026) – LESSON 5- EXAM
QUESTIONS WITH COMPLETE
SOLUTIONS
fossiliferous limestone - Answer- biochemical sedimentary rock with many visible fossils
frost wedging - Answer- rock breaking apart as water in cracks freezes and expands
graded bedding - Answer- a sequence of increasingly coarse- or fine-grained sediment
layers
imbrication - Answer- a stack of large and usually flat clasts—cobbles, gravels, mud
chips, etc.—that are aligned in the direction of fluid flow
inorganic sedimentary rock - Answer- sedimentary rock formed when minerals
precipitate out of an aqueous solution
lagoon - Answer- small body of seawater located inland from the shore or isolated by
another geographic feature, such as a reef or barrier island
limestone - Answer- sedimentary rock composed of calcite; comes in numerous forms
with varying names
lithification - Answer- process of compaction and cementation of particles resulting in
the formation of a rock
littoral zone - Answer- the beach
lacustrine - Answer- lake systems and deposits
mechanical weathering - Answer- weathering processes that cause a reduction in
grainsize
mudcracks - Answer- cracks in clay-rich sediment formed as the material is submerged
underwater and later dries out
mudstone - Answer- clastic sedimentary rock made of mud (silt and clay)
O horizon - Answer- layer of soil; top layer of organic material
organic sedimentary rocks - Answer- sedimentary rocks made of lithified organic
material
QUESTIONS WITH COMPLETE
SOLUTIONS
fossiliferous limestone - Answer- biochemical sedimentary rock with many visible fossils
frost wedging - Answer- rock breaking apart as water in cracks freezes and expands
graded bedding - Answer- a sequence of increasingly coarse- or fine-grained sediment
layers
imbrication - Answer- a stack of large and usually flat clasts—cobbles, gravels, mud
chips, etc.—that are aligned in the direction of fluid flow
inorganic sedimentary rock - Answer- sedimentary rock formed when minerals
precipitate out of an aqueous solution
lagoon - Answer- small body of seawater located inland from the shore or isolated by
another geographic feature, such as a reef or barrier island
limestone - Answer- sedimentary rock composed of calcite; comes in numerous forms
with varying names
lithification - Answer- process of compaction and cementation of particles resulting in
the formation of a rock
littoral zone - Answer- the beach
lacustrine - Answer- lake systems and deposits
mechanical weathering - Answer- weathering processes that cause a reduction in
grainsize
mudcracks - Answer- cracks in clay-rich sediment formed as the material is submerged
underwater and later dries out
mudstone - Answer- clastic sedimentary rock made of mud (silt and clay)
O horizon - Answer- layer of soil; top layer of organic material
organic sedimentary rocks - Answer- sedimentary rocks made of lithified organic
material
