Hypertension:s t Practices t Questions
1. Whichs t actions t wills t thes t nurses t ins t thes t hypertensions t clinics t takes t tos t obtain
s t anstaccurate stbaseline stblood stpressure st(BP)stforstastnewstpatient?
a. Deflates t thes t BPs t cuffs t ats t as t rates t ofs t 5s t tos t 10s t mms t Hgs t pers t second.
b. Haves t thes t patients t sits t ins t as t chairs t withs t thes t feets t flats t ons t thes t floor.
c. Assists t thes t patients t tos t thes t supines t positions t fors t BPs t measurements.
d. ObtainsttwostBPstreadingsstinstthestdominantstarmstandstaveragestthestresults.:stb.stHavest
thestpatientstsitstinstastchairstwithstthestfeetstflatstonstthestfloor.
Thestpatientstshouldstbestseatedstwithstthestfeetstflatstonstthestfloor.stThestBPstisstobtainedstinstbothstarms,standstthestresultsstofstthesttwost
armsstarestnotstaveraged.stThestpatientstdoesstnotstneedsttostbestinstthestsupinestposition.stThestcuttstshouldstbestdeflatedstatst2sttost
3stmmstHgstperstsecond.
2. Thes t nurses t obtainss t thes t followings t informations t froms t as t patients t newlys t diagnose
d
withs t prehypertension.s t Whichs t findings t iss t *most*s t importants t tos t addresss t withs t th
es t patient?
a. Lows t dietarys t fibers t intake
b. Nos t regulars t physicals t exercise
c. Drinkss t as t beers t withs t dinners t everys t night
d. Weightst isst 5st poundsst abovest idealst weight:st b.stNostregularstphysicalstexercise
Thestrecommendationsstforstpreventingsthypertensionstincludestexercisingstaerobicallystforst30stminutesstmoststdaysstofstthestweek
.stAstweightstthatstisst5stpoundsstoverstthestidealstbodystweightstisstnotstastriskstfactorstforsthypertension.stThestDietarystApproachessttostStops
tHypertensionst(DASH)stdietstissthighstinstfiber,stbutstincreasingstfiberstalonestwillstnotstpreventsthypertensionstfromstdeveloping.stTh
estpatient'sstalcoholstintakestisstwithinstguidelinesstandstwillstnotstincreasestthesthypertensionstrisk.
3. Whichs t actions t shoulds t thes t nurses t takes t whens t givings t thes t initials t doses t ofs t oral
labetalols t tos t as t patients t withs t hypertension?
a. Encourages t thes t uses t ofs t hards t candys t tos t prevents t drys t mouth.
b. Teachs t thes t patients t thats t headachess t oftens t occurs t withs t thiss t drug.
c. Instructs t thes t patients t tos t calls t fors t helps t ifs t hearts t palpitationss t occur.
d. Askstthestpatientsttostrequeststassistancestbeforestgettingstoutstofstbed.:std.stAskstthestpatientstt
, Hypertension:s t Practices t Questions
ostrequeststassistancestbeforestgettingstoutstofstbed.
, Hypertension:s t Practices t Questions
Labetalolstdecreasesstsympatheticstnervousstsystemstactivitystbystblockingstbothstastandstbstadrenergicstreceptors,stleadingsttost
vasodilationstandstastdecreasestinstheartstrate,stwhichstcanstcausestseverestorthostaticsthypotension.stHeartstpalpitations,stdrystmouth,st
dehydration,standstheadachesstarestpossiblestsidestettectsstofstotherstantihypertensives.
4. Afters t thes t nurses t teachess t thes t patients t withs t stages t 1s t hypertensions t abouts t diet
modificationss t thats t shoulds t bes t implemented,s t whichs t diets t choices t indicatess t thats t th
es t teachingsthasstbeenst*most*steffective?
a. Thes t patients t avoidss t eatings t nutss t ors t nuts t butters.
b. Thes t patients t restrictss t intakes t ofs t chickens t ands t fish.
c. Thestpatientstdrinksstlow-fatstmilkstwithsteachstmeal.
d. Thestpatientsthassttwostcupsstofstcoffeestinstthestmorning.:stc.stThestpatientstdrinksstlow-
fatstmilkstwithsteachstmeal.
Forstthestpreventionstofsthypertension,stthestDietarystApproachessttostStopstHypertensionst(DASH)strecommendationsstinclud
estincreasingstthestintakestofstcalcium-
richstfoods.stCatteinestrestrictionstandstdecreasedstproteinstintakestarestnotstincludedstinstthestrecommendations.stNutsstaresthig
hstinstbeneficialstnutrientsstandst4sttost5stservingsstweeklystarestrecommendedstinstthestDASHstdiet.
5. As t patients t hass t justs t beens t diagnoseds t withs t hypertensions t ands t hass t beens t starteds t on
captoprils t .s t Whichs t informations t iss t *most*s t importants t tos t includes t whens t teachin
gs t thestpatientstaboutstthisstdrug?
a. Includes t high-potassiums t foodss t suchs t ass t bananass t ins t thes t diet.
b. Increases t fluids t intakes t ifs t drynesss t ofs t thes t mouths t iss t as t problem.
c. Changes t positions t slowlys t tos t helps t prevents t dizzinesss t ands t falls.
d. Checkstbloodstpressurest(BP)stinstbothstarmsstbeforesttakingstthestdrug.:stc.stChangestpositionsts
lowlysttosthelpstpreventstdizzinessstandstfalls.
Thestangiotensin-
convertingstenzymest(ACE)stinhibitorsstfrequentlystcausestorthostaticsthypotension,standstpatientsstshouldstbes t taughtsttostchan
gestpositionstslowlysttostallowstthestvascularstsystemsttimesttostcompensatestforstthestpositionstchange.stIncreasingstfluidstintakest
maystcounteractstthestettectstofstthestdrug,standstthestpatientstissttaughtsttostusestgumstorsthardstcandysttostrelievestdrystmouth.stTh
estBPstshouldstbesttakenstinstthestnondominantstarmstbystnewlystdiagnosedstpatientsstinstthestmorning,stbeforesttakingstthestdrug
, Hypertension:s t Practices t Questions
,standstinstthestevening.stBecausestACEstinhibitorsstcausestpotassiumstretention,stincreasedstintakestofsthigh-
potassiumstfoodsstisstinappropriate.
1. Whichs t actions t wills t thes t nurses t ins t thes t hypertensions t clinics t takes t tos t obtain
s t anstaccurate stbaseline stblood stpressure st(BP)stforstastnewstpatient?
a. Deflates t thes t BPs t cuffs t ats t as t rates t ofs t 5s t tos t 10s t mms t Hgs t pers t second.
b. Haves t thes t patients t sits t ins t as t chairs t withs t thes t feets t flats t ons t thes t floor.
c. Assists t thes t patients t tos t thes t supines t positions t fors t BPs t measurements.
d. ObtainsttwostBPstreadingsstinstthestdominantstarmstandstaveragestthestresults.:stb.stHavest
thestpatientstsitstinstastchairstwithstthestfeetstflatstonstthestfloor.
Thestpatientstshouldstbestseatedstwithstthestfeetstflatstonstthestfloor.stThestBPstisstobtainedstinstbothstarms,standstthestresultsstofstthesttwost
armsstarestnotstaveraged.stThestpatientstdoesstnotstneedsttostbestinstthestsupinestposition.stThestcuttstshouldstbestdeflatedstatst2sttost
3stmmstHgstperstsecond.
2. Thes t nurses t obtainss t thes t followings t informations t froms t as t patients t newlys t diagnose
d
withs t prehypertension.s t Whichs t findings t iss t *most*s t importants t tos t addresss t withs t th
es t patient?
a. Lows t dietarys t fibers t intake
b. Nos t regulars t physicals t exercise
c. Drinkss t as t beers t withs t dinners t everys t night
d. Weightst isst 5st poundsst abovest idealst weight:st b.stNostregularstphysicalstexercise
Thestrecommendationsstforstpreventingsthypertensionstincludestexercisingstaerobicallystforst30stminutesstmoststdaysstofstthestweek
.stAstweightstthatstisst5stpoundsstoverstthestidealstbodystweightstisstnotstastriskstfactorstforsthypertension.stThestDietarystApproachessttostStops
tHypertensionst(DASH)stdietstissthighstinstfiber,stbutstincreasingstfiberstalonestwillstnotstpreventsthypertensionstfromstdeveloping.stTh
estpatient'sstalcoholstintakestisstwithinstguidelinesstandstwillstnotstincreasestthesthypertensionstrisk.
3. Whichs t actions t shoulds t thes t nurses t takes t whens t givings t thes t initials t doses t ofs t oral
labetalols t tos t as t patients t withs t hypertension?
a. Encourages t thes t uses t ofs t hards t candys t tos t prevents t drys t mouth.
b. Teachs t thes t patients t thats t headachess t oftens t occurs t withs t thiss t drug.
c. Instructs t thes t patients t tos t calls t fors t helps t ifs t hearts t palpitationss t occur.
d. Askstthestpatientsttostrequeststassistancestbeforestgettingstoutstofstbed.:std.stAskstthestpatientstt
, Hypertension:s t Practices t Questions
ostrequeststassistancestbeforestgettingstoutstofstbed.
, Hypertension:s t Practices t Questions
Labetalolstdecreasesstsympatheticstnervousstsystemstactivitystbystblockingstbothstastandstbstadrenergicstreceptors,stleadingsttost
vasodilationstandstastdecreasestinstheartstrate,stwhichstcanstcausestseverestorthostaticsthypotension.stHeartstpalpitations,stdrystmouth,st
dehydration,standstheadachesstarestpossiblestsidestettectsstofstotherstantihypertensives.
4. Afters t thes t nurses t teachess t thes t patients t withs t stages t 1s t hypertensions t abouts t diet
modificationss t thats t shoulds t bes t implemented,s t whichs t diets t choices t indicatess t thats t th
es t teachingsthasstbeenst*most*steffective?
a. Thes t patients t avoidss t eatings t nutss t ors t nuts t butters.
b. Thes t patients t restrictss t intakes t ofs t chickens t ands t fish.
c. Thestpatientstdrinksstlow-fatstmilkstwithsteachstmeal.
d. Thestpatientsthassttwostcupsstofstcoffeestinstthestmorning.:stc.stThestpatientstdrinksstlow-
fatstmilkstwithsteachstmeal.
Forstthestpreventionstofsthypertension,stthestDietarystApproachessttostStopstHypertensionst(DASH)strecommendationsstinclud
estincreasingstthestintakestofstcalcium-
richstfoods.stCatteinestrestrictionstandstdecreasedstproteinstintakestarestnotstincludedstinstthestrecommendations.stNutsstaresthig
hstinstbeneficialstnutrientsstandst4sttost5stservingsstweeklystarestrecommendedstinstthestDASHstdiet.
5. As t patients t hass t justs t beens t diagnoseds t withs t hypertensions t ands t hass t beens t starteds t on
captoprils t .s t Whichs t informations t iss t *most*s t importants t tos t includes t whens t teachin
gs t thestpatientstaboutstthisstdrug?
a. Includes t high-potassiums t foodss t suchs t ass t bananass t ins t thes t diet.
b. Increases t fluids t intakes t ifs t drynesss t ofs t thes t mouths t iss t as t problem.
c. Changes t positions t slowlys t tos t helps t prevents t dizzinesss t ands t falls.
d. Checkstbloodstpressurest(BP)stinstbothstarmsstbeforesttakingstthestdrug.:stc.stChangestpositionsts
lowlysttosthelpstpreventstdizzinessstandstfalls.
Thestangiotensin-
convertingstenzymest(ACE)stinhibitorsstfrequentlystcausestorthostaticsthypotension,standstpatientsstshouldstbes t taughtsttostchan
gestpositionstslowlysttostallowstthestvascularstsystemsttimesttostcompensatestforstthestpositionstchange.stIncreasingstfluidstintakest
maystcounteractstthestettectstofstthestdrug,standstthestpatientstissttaughtsttostusestgumstorsthardstcandysttostrelievestdrystmouth.stTh
estBPstshouldstbesttakenstinstthestnondominantstarmstbystnewlystdiagnosedstpatientsstinstthestmorning,stbeforesttakingstthestdrug
, Hypertension:s t Practices t Questions
,standstinstthestevening.stBecausestACEstinhibitorsstcausestpotassiumstretention,stincreasedstintakestofsthigh-
potassiumstfoodsstisstinappropriate.
