Varcarolis's Canadian Psychiatric Mental Health Nursing 3rd Edition By Sonya Jakubec, Cheryl Pollard Test Bank
Chapter 01: Mental Health and Mental Illness
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Pollard: Varcarolis’s Canadian Psychiatric Mental Health Nursing: A Clinical Approach, 3rd
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Edition
MULTIPLE CHOICE WQ
1. Which of the following is considered an Advanced Practice
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Q Intervention?
a. Conducting mental health assessments (MSA) WQ WQ WQ WQ
b. Prescribing psychotropic medication WQ WQ
c. Establishing therapeutic relationships WQ WQ
d. Individualizing nursing care plans WQ WQ WQ
ANS: B W Q
Registered nurses and registered psychiatric nurses can further their e
WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ
ducation at a baccalaureate levelor at the graduate level (master’s doc
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torate) and become qualified to practise psychiatric mental health nur
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sing at two levels – basic and advanced –
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developing on their education preparation. Prescriptive privileges are
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granted to master’s- WQ WQ
prepared Nurse Practitioners (NPs) as they have taken additional advanced courses on prescribing med
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ication. Appropriate use of diagnostic tests must be completed aswell as having hospital admitting privi
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leges. Establishing therapeutic relationship, conducting mental health assessments (MSAs), and indivi
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dualizing nursing care plans are foundational psychiatric nursing skills. Therefore, they are considered
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Basic-Level Interventions.
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DIF: Cognitive Level: Understand (Comprehension) WQ WQ WQ
TOP: Nursing Process: Implementation MSC: Client Needs: Safe Effective Care Environment
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2. Which has been identified as a priority for national plans and strategies in psychiatric mental health
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nursing in Canada?
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a. Decrease in the aging population WQ WQ WQ WQ
b. Increase in cultural diversity WQ WQ WQ
c. Role of the advanced practice nurse WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ
d. Shortage of physicians in rural and urban areas WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ
ANS: B W Q
In early phases of strategic development, the Mental Health Commission of Canada identified cultural
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diversity as a priority for national plans and strategies. Increasing cultural diversity within Canada w
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arrants deeper attention to culturally safe care and concern for the mental health consequences of col
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onization and racism. An aging population and shortage of physicians are important to future trends.
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The role of the advanced practice nurse is continuing to evolve in psychiatric mental health nursing i
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n Canada.
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DIF:
Cognitive Level: Understand (Comprehension) WQ WQ WQ W
TOP: Nursing Process: Outcome Evaluation
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MSC: Client Needs: Safe Effective Care Environment
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3. Which serves as the official guide for diagnosing psychiatric disorders?
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a. International Classification of Diseases (ICD-11) WQ WQ WQ WQ
b. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ
1
,Varcarolis's Canadian Psychiatric Mental Health Nursing 3rd Edition By Sonya Jakubec, Cheryl Pollard Test Bank
c. A behavioural health reference manual
WQ WQ WQ WQ
2
,Varcarolis's Canadian Psychiatric Mental Health Nursing 3rd Edition By Sonya Jakubec, Cheryl Pollard Test Bank
d. NurseOne online WQ
ANS: B W Q
The first Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) was published by the Americ
WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ
an Psychiatric Association in 1952. Its purpose was to provide clinicians, educators, and researchers
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with a common framework to understand and communicate about mental disorders. With a common u
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nderstanding about mental disorders, researchers and clinicians could work together in their attempts t
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o improve care for people with mental illness. The current DSM-
WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ
5 serves as the official guide for diagnosing psychiatric disorders. The International Classification of
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Diseases (ICD) sets the global health information standard for mortality and morbidity statistics. Clini
WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ
cians and researchers use this classification system to define diseases, study disease patterns, monitor
WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ
outcomes, and subsequently allocate resources based on the prevalence of disease. The Canadian Insti
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tute for Health Information developed an enhanced version of the previous version, ICD-
WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ
10 referred to as the ICD 10-
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CA period that version extends beyond defining and classifying diseases to describe conditions and sit
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uations that are not diseases, including for example, risk factors to health and psychosocial circumsta
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nces. A behavioral health reference manual and NurseOne online are not used as official guides for di
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agnosis.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Apply (Application) WQ WQ WQ
TOP: Nursing Process: Assessment
W Q MSC: Client Needs: Safe Effective Care Environment
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4. When locating the description and diagnostic criteria for anxiety disorders, which resource would have
WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ
the most complete information?
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a. Nursing Outcomes Classification (NOC) WQ WQ WQ
b. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5) WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ
c. The ANA’s Psychiatric-Mental Health Nursing Scope and Standards of Practice
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d. International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ
(ICD-10)
ANS: B W Q
The DSM- WQ
5 details the diagnostic criteria for psychiatric clinical conditions and is the official guide for diagnosin
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g psychiatric disorders. The other references are good resources but do not define the diagnostic criteri
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a.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Understand (Comprehension) WQ WQ WQ
TOP: Nursing Process: Implementation MSC: Client Needs: Safe Effective Care Environment
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5. Which individual is demonstrating the highest level of resilience?
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a. An individual repressing their stressors who is having a difficult time coping with
WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ
WQ activities of daily living (ADLs) WQ WQ WQ WQ
b. An individual who is in a depressed state after the death of their spouse
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c. An individual who lives in a shelter for 2 years after their home is destroyed by
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a fire WQ
d. An individual who navigates and negotiates resources to support their well-being
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ANS: D W Q
3
, Varcarolis's Canadian Psychiatric Mental Health Nursing 3rd Edition By Sonya Jakubec, Cheryl Pollard Test Bank
A characteristic of mental health increasingly being promoted as essential to the recovery process is r
WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ
esilience. Resilience is a process and outcome of complex, cultural systems, rather than as an individu
WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ
al capacity to overcome adversity. In this way, when exposed to adversity, one’s resilience depends o
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n the navigation and negotiation of resources that can support well-
WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ
being. Resilience is closely associated with the process of adapting and helps people facing tragedies,
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loss, trauma, and severe stress. An individual who is repressing their stressors may need support for d
WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ
eveloping coping strategies. It is important for the individual who is in a depressed state after the deat
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h of their spouse to navigate and negotiate resources that can support their well-
WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ
being (e.g., grief support or counselling). An individual living in a shelter needs immediate support a
WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ
nd assistance when entering the shelter to navigate services and supports. Shelters are short-
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term resources. WQ
DIF: Cognitive Level: Apply (Application)
WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ
TOP: Nursing Process: Outcome Evaluation
WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ
MSC: Client Needs: Psychosocial Integrity
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6. A multidisciplinary team is working with two groups of patients diagnosed with depression. One grou
WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ
p of patients receives supportive interventions and psychotropic medication (e.g., antidepressants). Th
WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ
e other group receives only psychotropic medication. Outcomes are measured for each group. Which i
WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ
s being studied?
WQ WQ
a. Incidence
b. Prevalence
c. Comorbidity
d. Clinical epidemiology WQ
ANS: D W Q
Clinical epidemiology is a broad field that addresses studies of the natural history (or what happens if
WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ
there is no treatment and the problem is left to run its course) of an illness, studies of diagnostic scre
WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ
ening tests, and observational and experimental studies of interventions used to treat people with the
WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ
illness or symptoms. Prevalence refers to numbers of new cases. Comorbidity refers to having more t
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han one mental disorder at a time. Incidence refers to the number of new cases of mental disorders in
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a healthy population within a given period.
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DIF:
Cognitive Level: Understand (Comprehension) WQ WQ WQ W
TOP: Nursing Process: Outcome Evaluation
Q W Q WQ WQ WQ
MSC: Client Needs: Safe Effective Care Environment
W Q WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ
7. A category 5 tornado occurred in a community of 400 people, resulting in destruction of many home
WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ
s and businesses. In the 2 years after this disaster, 140 individuals were diagnosed with post-
WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ
traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Which term best applies to these newly diagnosed individuals?
WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ
a. Prevalence
b. Comorbidity
c. Incidence
d. Clinical epidemiology WQ
ANS: C W Q
4
Chapter 01: Mental Health and Mental Illness
WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ
Pollard: Varcarolis’s Canadian Psychiatric Mental Health Nursing: A Clinical Approach, 3rd
WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ
Edition
MULTIPLE CHOICE WQ
1. Which of the following is considered an Advanced Practice
WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ W
Q Intervention?
a. Conducting mental health assessments (MSA) WQ WQ WQ WQ
b. Prescribing psychotropic medication WQ WQ
c. Establishing therapeutic relationships WQ WQ
d. Individualizing nursing care plans WQ WQ WQ
ANS: B W Q
Registered nurses and registered psychiatric nurses can further their e
WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ
ducation at a baccalaureate levelor at the graduate level (master’s doc
WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ
torate) and become qualified to practise psychiatric mental health nur
WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ
sing at two levels – basic and advanced –
WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ
developing on their education preparation. Prescriptive privileges are
WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ
granted to master’s- WQ WQ
prepared Nurse Practitioners (NPs) as they have taken additional advanced courses on prescribing med
WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ
ication. Appropriate use of diagnostic tests must be completed aswell as having hospital admitting privi
WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ
leges. Establishing therapeutic relationship, conducting mental health assessments (MSAs), and indivi
WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ
dualizing nursing care plans are foundational psychiatric nursing skills. Therefore, they are considered
WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ W
Basic-Level Interventions.
Q WQ
DIF: Cognitive Level: Understand (Comprehension) WQ WQ WQ
TOP: Nursing Process: Implementation MSC: Client Needs: Safe Effective Care Environment
W Q WQ WQ W Q WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ
2. Which has been identified as a priority for national plans and strategies in psychiatric mental health
WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ
nursing in Canada?
WQ WQ WQ
a. Decrease in the aging population WQ WQ WQ WQ
b. Increase in cultural diversity WQ WQ WQ
c. Role of the advanced practice nurse WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ
d. Shortage of physicians in rural and urban areas WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ
ANS: B W Q
In early phases of strategic development, the Mental Health Commission of Canada identified cultural
WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ
diversity as a priority for national plans and strategies. Increasing cultural diversity within Canada w
WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ
arrants deeper attention to culturally safe care and concern for the mental health consequences of col
WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ
onization and racism. An aging population and shortage of physicians are important to future trends.
WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ
The role of the advanced practice nurse is continuing to evolve in psychiatric mental health nursing i
WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ
n Canada.
WQ
DIF:
Cognitive Level: Understand (Comprehension) WQ WQ WQ W
TOP: Nursing Process: Outcome Evaluation
Q W Q WQ WQ WQ
MSC: Client Needs: Safe Effective Care Environment
W Q WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ
3. Which serves as the official guide for diagnosing psychiatric disorders?
WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ
a. International Classification of Diseases (ICD-11) WQ WQ WQ WQ
b. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ
1
,Varcarolis's Canadian Psychiatric Mental Health Nursing 3rd Edition By Sonya Jakubec, Cheryl Pollard Test Bank
c. A behavioural health reference manual
WQ WQ WQ WQ
2
,Varcarolis's Canadian Psychiatric Mental Health Nursing 3rd Edition By Sonya Jakubec, Cheryl Pollard Test Bank
d. NurseOne online WQ
ANS: B W Q
The first Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) was published by the Americ
WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ
an Psychiatric Association in 1952. Its purpose was to provide clinicians, educators, and researchers
WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ
with a common framework to understand and communicate about mental disorders. With a common u
WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ
nderstanding about mental disorders, researchers and clinicians could work together in their attempts t
WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ
o improve care for people with mental illness. The current DSM-
WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ
5 serves as the official guide for diagnosing psychiatric disorders. The International Classification of
WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ
Diseases (ICD) sets the global health information standard for mortality and morbidity statistics. Clini
WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ
cians and researchers use this classification system to define diseases, study disease patterns, monitor
WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ
outcomes, and subsequently allocate resources based on the prevalence of disease. The Canadian Insti
WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ
tute for Health Information developed an enhanced version of the previous version, ICD-
WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ
10 referred to as the ICD 10-
WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ
CA period that version extends beyond defining and classifying diseases to describe conditions and sit
WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ
uations that are not diseases, including for example, risk factors to health and psychosocial circumsta
WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ
nces. A behavioral health reference manual and NurseOne online are not used as official guides for di
WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ
agnosis.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Apply (Application) WQ WQ WQ
TOP: Nursing Process: Assessment
W Q MSC: Client Needs: Safe Effective Care Environment
WQ WQ W Q WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ
4. When locating the description and diagnostic criteria for anxiety disorders, which resource would have
WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ
the most complete information?
WQ WQ WQ WQ
a. Nursing Outcomes Classification (NOC) WQ WQ WQ
b. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5) WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ
c. The ANA’s Psychiatric-Mental Health Nursing Scope and Standards of Practice
WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ
d. International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ
(ICD-10)
ANS: B W Q
The DSM- WQ
5 details the diagnostic criteria for psychiatric clinical conditions and is the official guide for diagnosin
WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ
g psychiatric disorders. The other references are good resources but do not define the diagnostic criteri
WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ
a.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Understand (Comprehension) WQ WQ WQ
TOP: Nursing Process: Implementation MSC: Client Needs: Safe Effective Care Environment
W Q WQ WQ W Q WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ
5. Which individual is demonstrating the highest level of resilience?
WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ
a. An individual repressing their stressors who is having a difficult time coping with
WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ
WQ activities of daily living (ADLs) WQ WQ WQ WQ
b. An individual who is in a depressed state after the death of their spouse
WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ
c. An individual who lives in a shelter for 2 years after their home is destroyed by
WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ
a fire WQ
d. An individual who navigates and negotiates resources to support their well-being
WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ
ANS: D W Q
3
, Varcarolis's Canadian Psychiatric Mental Health Nursing 3rd Edition By Sonya Jakubec, Cheryl Pollard Test Bank
A characteristic of mental health increasingly being promoted as essential to the recovery process is r
WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ
esilience. Resilience is a process and outcome of complex, cultural systems, rather than as an individu
WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ
al capacity to overcome adversity. In this way, when exposed to adversity, one’s resilience depends o
WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ
n the navigation and negotiation of resources that can support well-
WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ
being. Resilience is closely associated with the process of adapting and helps people facing tragedies,
WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ
loss, trauma, and severe stress. An individual who is repressing their stressors may need support for d
WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ
eveloping coping strategies. It is important for the individual who is in a depressed state after the deat
WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ
h of their spouse to navigate and negotiate resources that can support their well-
WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ
being (e.g., grief support or counselling). An individual living in a shelter needs immediate support a
WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ
nd assistance when entering the shelter to navigate services and supports. Shelters are short-
WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ
term resources. WQ
DIF: Cognitive Level: Apply (Application)
WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ
TOP: Nursing Process: Outcome Evaluation
WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ
MSC: Client Needs: Psychosocial Integrity
W Q WQ WQ WQ
6. A multidisciplinary team is working with two groups of patients diagnosed with depression. One grou
WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ
p of patients receives supportive interventions and psychotropic medication (e.g., antidepressants). Th
WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ
e other group receives only psychotropic medication. Outcomes are measured for each group. Which i
WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ
s being studied?
WQ WQ
a. Incidence
b. Prevalence
c. Comorbidity
d. Clinical epidemiology WQ
ANS: D W Q
Clinical epidemiology is a broad field that addresses studies of the natural history (or what happens if
WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ
there is no treatment and the problem is left to run its course) of an illness, studies of diagnostic scre
WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ
ening tests, and observational and experimental studies of interventions used to treat people with the
WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ
illness or symptoms. Prevalence refers to numbers of new cases. Comorbidity refers to having more t
WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ
han one mental disorder at a time. Incidence refers to the number of new cases of mental disorders in
WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ
a healthy population within a given period.
WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ
DIF:
Cognitive Level: Understand (Comprehension) WQ WQ WQ W
TOP: Nursing Process: Outcome Evaluation
Q W Q WQ WQ WQ
MSC: Client Needs: Safe Effective Care Environment
W Q WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ
7. A category 5 tornado occurred in a community of 400 people, resulting in destruction of many home
WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ
s and businesses. In the 2 years after this disaster, 140 individuals were diagnosed with post-
WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ
traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Which term best applies to these newly diagnosed individuals?
WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ WQ
a. Prevalence
b. Comorbidity
c. Incidence
d. Clinical epidemiology WQ
ANS: C W Q
4
