Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine
(Vol.1 & Vol.2)
22nd Edition
• Author(s)Joseph Loscalzo; Anthony S.
Fauci; Dennis L. Kasper; Stephen Hauser;
Dan Longo; J. Larry Jameson
Test Bank
Fast-Revision Nursing MCQs: Foundations of Clinical Medicine
1. A 68-year-old patient with multiple chronic conditions is
admitted for an acute exacerbation. Which nursing action best
reflects the principle of patient-centered care?
A. Focus documentation only on the acute problem.
B. Implement standardized orders without discussion.
C. Assess the patient’s values and priorities for care and include
them in the plan.
D. Prioritize discharge planning after treatment is complete.
Answer: C
Rationale: Patient-centered practice requires eliciting patient
values and incorporating them into the care plan to guide
decisions and goals.
,Citation: Harrison’s Principles of Internal Medicine, 22nd ed.,
Chapter: The Practice of Medicine.
2. A nurse leading a community health program wants to
promote good health. Which strategy has the greatest potential
for population-level impact?
A. Treating acute illnesses in the hospital.
B. Implementing primary prevention programs like
immunization and smoking cessation.
C. Focusing solely on genetic counseling.
D. Recommending annual physicals for low-risk adults.
Answer: B
Rationale: Primary prevention, such as vaccination and lifestyle
modification, aims to prevent disease before it occurs and has
the broadest impact on population health.
Citation: Harrison’s Principles of Internal Medicine, 22nd ed.,
Chapter: Promoting Good Health.
3. A patient expresses concern that vaccines are unsafe due to
misinformation. What is the most appropriate nursing
response?
A. Dismiss the concern as unfounded.
B. Provide evidence-based education addressing safety and
efficacy.
C. Advise avoiding vaccination entirely.
D. Refer the patient to social media resources.
Answer: B
Rationale: Addressing vaccine hesitancy requires respectful,
,empathetic, and evidence-based communication to build trust
and correct misinformation.
Citation: Harrison’s Principles of Internal Medicine, 22nd ed.,
Chapter: Vaccine Opposition and Hesitancy.
4. When choosing among diagnostic tests with varying
sensitivity and specificity in a low-prevalence population, which
principle should guide nursing communication about test
results?
A. Positive predictive value will be high.
B. Negative predictive value is less useful.
C. A positive result may have a higher chance of being a false
positive.
D. Test choice does not depend on prevalence.
Answer: C
Rationale: In a low-prevalence setting, the positive predictive
value of a test decreases, meaning a positive result is more
likely to be a false positive.
*Citation: Harrison’s Principles of Internal Medicine, 22nd ed.,
Chapter: Decision-Making in Clinical Medicine.*
5. A patient’s tumor genomic testing reveals a targetable
mutation. From a nursing perspective, what is the most
important immediate consideration?
A. Ignore genomic results if standard therapy exists.
B. Document and communicate the genomic result to the
multidisciplinary team to inform targeted therapy options.
C. Advise chemotherapy without consulting oncology.
, D. Delay treatment pending nonessential tests.
Answer: B
Rationale: Precision medicine involves integrating individual
genetic data into team-based decision-making. The nurse’s role
is to ensure this critical information is communicated to guide
personalized treatment.
Citation: Harrison’s Principles of Internal Medicine, 22nd ed.,
Chapter: Precision Medicine and Clinical Care.
6. For a population-level screening program to be justified,
which characteristic is essential?
A. The screened condition is untreatable.
B. The screening test is inexpensive.
C. The condition has a significant burden and effective
treatment exists for early-stage disease.
D. The test has perfect sensitivity.
Answer: C
Rationale: Ethical and effective screening requires that the
disease causes significant morbidity/mortality and that early
detection leads to a treatment that improves outcomes.
Citation: Harrison’s Principles of Internal Medicine, 22nd ed.,
Chapter: Screening and Prevention of Disease.
7. Which action best supports a culture of safety in a healthcare
organization?
A. Encouraging individual blame for errors.
B. Promoting timely, nonpunitive reporting of near-misses and
adverse events.
(Vol.1 & Vol.2)
22nd Edition
• Author(s)Joseph Loscalzo; Anthony S.
Fauci; Dennis L. Kasper; Stephen Hauser;
Dan Longo; J. Larry Jameson
Test Bank
Fast-Revision Nursing MCQs: Foundations of Clinical Medicine
1. A 68-year-old patient with multiple chronic conditions is
admitted for an acute exacerbation. Which nursing action best
reflects the principle of patient-centered care?
A. Focus documentation only on the acute problem.
B. Implement standardized orders without discussion.
C. Assess the patient’s values and priorities for care and include
them in the plan.
D. Prioritize discharge planning after treatment is complete.
Answer: C
Rationale: Patient-centered practice requires eliciting patient
values and incorporating them into the care plan to guide
decisions and goals.
,Citation: Harrison’s Principles of Internal Medicine, 22nd ed.,
Chapter: The Practice of Medicine.
2. A nurse leading a community health program wants to
promote good health. Which strategy has the greatest potential
for population-level impact?
A. Treating acute illnesses in the hospital.
B. Implementing primary prevention programs like
immunization and smoking cessation.
C. Focusing solely on genetic counseling.
D. Recommending annual physicals for low-risk adults.
Answer: B
Rationale: Primary prevention, such as vaccination and lifestyle
modification, aims to prevent disease before it occurs and has
the broadest impact on population health.
Citation: Harrison’s Principles of Internal Medicine, 22nd ed.,
Chapter: Promoting Good Health.
3. A patient expresses concern that vaccines are unsafe due to
misinformation. What is the most appropriate nursing
response?
A. Dismiss the concern as unfounded.
B. Provide evidence-based education addressing safety and
efficacy.
C. Advise avoiding vaccination entirely.
D. Refer the patient to social media resources.
Answer: B
Rationale: Addressing vaccine hesitancy requires respectful,
,empathetic, and evidence-based communication to build trust
and correct misinformation.
Citation: Harrison’s Principles of Internal Medicine, 22nd ed.,
Chapter: Vaccine Opposition and Hesitancy.
4. When choosing among diagnostic tests with varying
sensitivity and specificity in a low-prevalence population, which
principle should guide nursing communication about test
results?
A. Positive predictive value will be high.
B. Negative predictive value is less useful.
C. A positive result may have a higher chance of being a false
positive.
D. Test choice does not depend on prevalence.
Answer: C
Rationale: In a low-prevalence setting, the positive predictive
value of a test decreases, meaning a positive result is more
likely to be a false positive.
*Citation: Harrison’s Principles of Internal Medicine, 22nd ed.,
Chapter: Decision-Making in Clinical Medicine.*
5. A patient’s tumor genomic testing reveals a targetable
mutation. From a nursing perspective, what is the most
important immediate consideration?
A. Ignore genomic results if standard therapy exists.
B. Document and communicate the genomic result to the
multidisciplinary team to inform targeted therapy options.
C. Advise chemotherapy without consulting oncology.
, D. Delay treatment pending nonessential tests.
Answer: B
Rationale: Precision medicine involves integrating individual
genetic data into team-based decision-making. The nurse’s role
is to ensure this critical information is communicated to guide
personalized treatment.
Citation: Harrison’s Principles of Internal Medicine, 22nd ed.,
Chapter: Precision Medicine and Clinical Care.
6. For a population-level screening program to be justified,
which characteristic is essential?
A. The screened condition is untreatable.
B. The screening test is inexpensive.
C. The condition has a significant burden and effective
treatment exists for early-stage disease.
D. The test has perfect sensitivity.
Answer: C
Rationale: Ethical and effective screening requires that the
disease causes significant morbidity/mortality and that early
detection leads to a treatment that improves outcomes.
Citation: Harrison’s Principles of Internal Medicine, 22nd ed.,
Chapter: Screening and Prevention of Disease.
7. Which action best supports a culture of safety in a healthcare
organization?
A. Encouraging individual blame for errors.
B. Promoting timely, nonpunitive reporting of near-misses and
adverse events.
