ATI PEDIATRICS PRACTICE EXAM 1 WITH
NGN (2026) QUESTIONS AND REVISED
CORRECT ANSWERS WITH RATIONALES
1. Which vaccine is contraindicated for a child with a severe allergy to
| | | | | | | | | | |
| neomycin?
a) MMR
b) IPV (Inactivated Poliovirus Vaccine)
| | |
c) Hepatitis B |
d) Varicella
The IPV vaccine contains trace amounts of neomycin and should be avoided in
| | | | | | | | | | | |
| children with a severe allergy to neomycin.
| | | | | |
2. A 6-month-old infant is being introduced to solid foods. Which food should
| | | | | | | | | | |
| the nurse recommend starting first?
| | | |
a) Honey
b) Iron-fortified rice cereal | |
,c) Whole milk |
d) Strawberries
Iron-fortified rice cereal is usually introduced first as it is less allergenic and easy
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| to digest.
|
3. What is the best method to prevent otitis media in infants?
| | | | | | | | | |
a) Avoid breastfeeding|
b) Limit pacifier use after 6 months
| | | | |
c) Keep infant upright during feeding
| | | |
d) Introduce solid foods early | | |
Feeding infants in an upright position reduces the risk of fluid entering the
| | | | | | | | | | | |
| middle ear. |
4. What is the priority nursing intervention for a child with epiglottitis?
| | | | | | | | | |
a) Obtain a throat culture| | |
b) Maintain airway patency | |
c) Administer antipyretics |
d) Encourage coughing |
Epiglottitis is a medical emergency due to potential airway obstruction; airway
| | | | | | | | | |
| maintenance is the priority. | | |
5. A 4-year-old child with asthma is prescribed a metered-dose inhaler (MDI).
| | | | | | | | | |
| What is the best way to ensure effective delivery of the medication?
| | | | | | | | | | |
a) Use without spacer
| |
, b) Use a spacer with the MDI
| | | | |
c) Administer with a nebulizer only | | | |
d) Give orally |
Using a spacer improves delivery and decreases oropharyngeal deposition of
| | | | | | | | |
| medication.
6. Which of the following is a sign of respiratory distress in an infant?
| | | | | | | | | | | |
a) Quiet breathing |
b) Normal respiratory rate | |
c) Nasal flaring |
d) Sleeping soundly |
Nasal flaring indicates increased work of breathing and respiratory distress.
| | | | | | | | |
7. Which of the following foods should be avoided in a 1-year-old child with
| | | | | | | | | | | |
a history of choking?
| | | |
a) Soft cooked vegetables
| |
b) Grapes
c) Mashed potatoes |
d) Pureed fruits |
Whole grapes are a choking hazard for toddlers and should be avoided.
| | | | | | | | | | |
8. A child with Kawasaki disease is at risk for which of the
| | | | | | | | | | |
following complications?
| |
a) Respiratory failure |
NGN (2026) QUESTIONS AND REVISED
CORRECT ANSWERS WITH RATIONALES
1. Which vaccine is contraindicated for a child with a severe allergy to
| | | | | | | | | | |
| neomycin?
a) MMR
b) IPV (Inactivated Poliovirus Vaccine)
| | |
c) Hepatitis B |
d) Varicella
The IPV vaccine contains trace amounts of neomycin and should be avoided in
| | | | | | | | | | | |
| children with a severe allergy to neomycin.
| | | | | |
2. A 6-month-old infant is being introduced to solid foods. Which food should
| | | | | | | | | | |
| the nurse recommend starting first?
| | | |
a) Honey
b) Iron-fortified rice cereal | |
,c) Whole milk |
d) Strawberries
Iron-fortified rice cereal is usually introduced first as it is less allergenic and easy
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| to digest.
|
3. What is the best method to prevent otitis media in infants?
| | | | | | | | | |
a) Avoid breastfeeding|
b) Limit pacifier use after 6 months
| | | | |
c) Keep infant upright during feeding
| | | |
d) Introduce solid foods early | | |
Feeding infants in an upright position reduces the risk of fluid entering the
| | | | | | | | | | | |
| middle ear. |
4. What is the priority nursing intervention for a child with epiglottitis?
| | | | | | | | | |
a) Obtain a throat culture| | |
b) Maintain airway patency | |
c) Administer antipyretics |
d) Encourage coughing |
Epiglottitis is a medical emergency due to potential airway obstruction; airway
| | | | | | | | | |
| maintenance is the priority. | | |
5. A 4-year-old child with asthma is prescribed a metered-dose inhaler (MDI).
| | | | | | | | | |
| What is the best way to ensure effective delivery of the medication?
| | | | | | | | | | |
a) Use without spacer
| |
, b) Use a spacer with the MDI
| | | | |
c) Administer with a nebulizer only | | | |
d) Give orally |
Using a spacer improves delivery and decreases oropharyngeal deposition of
| | | | | | | | |
| medication.
6. Which of the following is a sign of respiratory distress in an infant?
| | | | | | | | | | | |
a) Quiet breathing |
b) Normal respiratory rate | |
c) Nasal flaring |
d) Sleeping soundly |
Nasal flaring indicates increased work of breathing and respiratory distress.
| | | | | | | | |
7. Which of the following foods should be avoided in a 1-year-old child with
| | | | | | | | | | | |
a history of choking?
| | | |
a) Soft cooked vegetables
| |
b) Grapes
c) Mashed potatoes |
d) Pureed fruits |
Whole grapes are a choking hazard for toddlers and should be avoided.
| | | | | | | | | | |
8. A child with Kawasaki disease is at risk for which of the
| | | | | | | | | | |
following complications?
| |
a) Respiratory failure |
