CMSRN COMPREHENSIVE EXAM 2026 UPDATED
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS GRADED A+
✔✔what respiratory disorder is characterized by pink frothy sputum, crackles, dyspnea,
and a feeling of fear? - ✔✔pulmonary edema
✔✔what organ are platelets stored in? - ✔✔spleen
✔✔Which WBC is the first line of defense? - ✔✔neutrophils
✔✔which WBC is the most effective bacterial killer? - ✔✔monocytes/macrophages
✔✔Which type of lymphocyte attacks and destroys infected body cells? - ✔✔T
lymphocyte
✔✔which type of lymphocyte becomes an antibody when exposed to something seen
as a long term threat? - ✔✔B lymphocyte
✔✔which type of anemia is from a lack of B12? - ✔✔pernicious
✔✔pressure injury: purple or maroon discolored skin due to pressure/sheer - ✔✔DTI
✔✔pressure injury: intact skin, non blanchable redness usually over bony prominence -
✔✔stage 1: prevention, turns
✔✔pressure injury: partial thickness loss of dermis, shallow open injury - ✔✔stage 2:
cover with hydrocolloid
✔✔pressure injury: full thickness tissue loss, no bone/muscle/tendon exposure -
✔✔stage 3: may need debridement or surgery
✔✔pressure injury: full thickness tissue loss, bone/muscle/tendon exposure - ✔✔stage
4
✔✔pressure injury: full thickness but base is covered with slough and/or eschar -
✔✔unstageable
✔✔type of skin infection that is bacterial, caused by strep, presents with excess
drainage, unusual odor, pain, and heat - need to culture and give appropriate abx -
✔✔cellulitis
✔✔type of skin infection that is viral, from varicella virus, presents with severe pain,
burning or pruritis, follows a nerve root which does not cross the body's midline- give an
, antiviral, do compresses and nerve blocks if indicated - ✔✔herpes zoster/simplex -
"shingles"
✔✔Conduction system of the heart - ✔✔SA node, AV node, Bundle of His, Purkinje
fibers, depolarization, repolarization
✔✔stroke volume x heart rate = ? - ✔✔cardiac output
✔✔what is the term for the amount of blood that leaves the body per minute? -
✔✔cardiac output
✔✔what is the term for the amount of blood leaving the heart each beat? - ✔✔stroke
volume
✔✔which heart sound represents systole? - ✔✔s1
✔✔which heart sound represents diastole? - ✔✔s2
✔✔what heart sound represents inflammation? - ✔✔friction rub
✔✔which cholesterol medication can cause flushing and should therefore be taken at
night? - ✔✔niacin
✔✔which cholesterol medications can cause rhabdomyolysis? - ✔✔statins
✔✔umbrella term for any condition where adequate blood supply to the heart muscle is
blocked? - ✔✔acute coronary syndrome
✔✔how high do you want to keep somebody's O2 sats after an MI? - ✔✔94% or higher
✔✔which type of MI is from full occlusion (acute coronary syndrome)? - ✔✔STEMI
✔✔which type of MI is from partial occlusion? - ✔✔NSTEMI
✔✔treatment for MI? (MONA) - ✔✔morphine, oxygen, nitrates, aspirin
✔✔which type of heart failure has pulmonary causes/symptoms - ✔✔left ventricular
heart failure
✔✔which type of heart failure is characterized by edema? - ✔✔right ventricular heart
failure (diastolic)
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS GRADED A+
✔✔what respiratory disorder is characterized by pink frothy sputum, crackles, dyspnea,
and a feeling of fear? - ✔✔pulmonary edema
✔✔what organ are platelets stored in? - ✔✔spleen
✔✔Which WBC is the first line of defense? - ✔✔neutrophils
✔✔which WBC is the most effective bacterial killer? - ✔✔monocytes/macrophages
✔✔Which type of lymphocyte attacks and destroys infected body cells? - ✔✔T
lymphocyte
✔✔which type of lymphocyte becomes an antibody when exposed to something seen
as a long term threat? - ✔✔B lymphocyte
✔✔which type of anemia is from a lack of B12? - ✔✔pernicious
✔✔pressure injury: purple or maroon discolored skin due to pressure/sheer - ✔✔DTI
✔✔pressure injury: intact skin, non blanchable redness usually over bony prominence -
✔✔stage 1: prevention, turns
✔✔pressure injury: partial thickness loss of dermis, shallow open injury - ✔✔stage 2:
cover with hydrocolloid
✔✔pressure injury: full thickness tissue loss, no bone/muscle/tendon exposure -
✔✔stage 3: may need debridement or surgery
✔✔pressure injury: full thickness tissue loss, bone/muscle/tendon exposure - ✔✔stage
4
✔✔pressure injury: full thickness but base is covered with slough and/or eschar -
✔✔unstageable
✔✔type of skin infection that is bacterial, caused by strep, presents with excess
drainage, unusual odor, pain, and heat - need to culture and give appropriate abx -
✔✔cellulitis
✔✔type of skin infection that is viral, from varicella virus, presents with severe pain,
burning or pruritis, follows a nerve root which does not cross the body's midline- give an
, antiviral, do compresses and nerve blocks if indicated - ✔✔herpes zoster/simplex -
"shingles"
✔✔Conduction system of the heart - ✔✔SA node, AV node, Bundle of His, Purkinje
fibers, depolarization, repolarization
✔✔stroke volume x heart rate = ? - ✔✔cardiac output
✔✔what is the term for the amount of blood that leaves the body per minute? -
✔✔cardiac output
✔✔what is the term for the amount of blood leaving the heart each beat? - ✔✔stroke
volume
✔✔which heart sound represents systole? - ✔✔s1
✔✔which heart sound represents diastole? - ✔✔s2
✔✔what heart sound represents inflammation? - ✔✔friction rub
✔✔which cholesterol medication can cause flushing and should therefore be taken at
night? - ✔✔niacin
✔✔which cholesterol medications can cause rhabdomyolysis? - ✔✔statins
✔✔umbrella term for any condition where adequate blood supply to the heart muscle is
blocked? - ✔✔acute coronary syndrome
✔✔how high do you want to keep somebody's O2 sats after an MI? - ✔✔94% or higher
✔✔which type of MI is from full occlusion (acute coronary syndrome)? - ✔✔STEMI
✔✔which type of MI is from partial occlusion? - ✔✔NSTEMI
✔✔treatment for MI? (MONA) - ✔✔morphine, oxygen, nitrates, aspirin
✔✔which type of heart failure has pulmonary causes/symptoms - ✔✔left ventricular
heart failure
✔✔which type of heart failure is characterized by edema? - ✔✔right ventricular heart
failure (diastolic)
