NSG 527 LATEST 2026 STUDY GUIDE QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS MARKED A+
✔✔Temporal lobe - ✔✔• Emotion and memory circuits
• Hearing, learning, memory circuits, sexual identity, and processing of auditory stimuli
• Gives emotional tone to memories
• Is involved in making moral judgments
✔✔Occipital lobe - ✔✔• Vision
• Visual memory
• Reading
• language formation
• reception of vestibular, acoustic, and tactile stimuli
✔✔Cerebrum - ✔✔• Functions as an auxiliary structure for the entire cerebral cortex
• Posture and balance in walking
• Sequential movements required in eating and writing
• Control speed and acceleration of movement
• Involved in smooth eye movement
• Cognition and language
• Memory and impulse control
✔✔Brainstem (Medulla oblongata, pons, and midbrain) - ✔✔• Medulla oblongata-
regulation of blood pressure, respiration, and digestion. Reflex center for vomiting
coughing, sneezing, swallowing, and hiccupping.
• Pons- Relays information from the cerebral hemisphere to the cerebellum
• Midbrain- control many sensory and motor functions including eye movement
✔✔Locus ceruleus - ✔✔• Produces norepinephrine
• Activity maintains arousal
• Inactivity allows sleep
✔✔Dorsal raphe - ✔✔• Produces serotonin
• Control sleep wake cycle
✔✔Reticular activating system (RAS) - ✔✔• Involved in arousal and sleep- the "toggle
switch"
• Switches the cerebral cortex on when individual is relaxed
• Switches limbic system on when there is a threat
• Regulates thalamus and cortex activities that are involved in emotions
• Involved in processing pain and in regulation of heartrate, breathing, perspiration,
swallowing, coughing, salivation, urination, and sexual arousal
✔✔Reticular activating system (RAS) - ✔✔• Involved in arousal and sleep- the "toggle
switch"
,• Switches the cerebral cortex on when individual is relaxed
• Switches limbic system on when there is a threat
• Regulates thalamus and cortex activities that are involved in emotions
• Involved in processing pain and in regulation of heartrate, breathing, perspiration,
swallowing, coughing, salivation, urination, and sexual arousal
✔✔Hypothalamus - ✔✔• Bridges internal homeostasis and outside environment
• Involved with raw emotions of pleasure, reward, aversion, and rage
• Regulates the autonomic nervous system and secretion of pituitary hormones
• Involved in hunger, thirst, water balance, regulation of temperature, circadian rhythms,
and stress response
✔✔Thalamus - ✔✔• Gaits information to the neocortex
• Processes information coming from the 5 senses and information coming from the
amygdala and cerebellum before it goes to the neocortex
• Involved in wakefulness, sleep, and pain perception
✔✔Amygdala - ✔✔• Anxiety and anger
• Generates rudimentary emotions such as fear, rage, religious ecstasy, and sexual
desire
• Surveys the environment
• Regulates fear and response to stress
• Evaluates expression of friendliness, fear, love, affection, distrust, and anger
• Contributes to emotional memories, especially fear
• Seeks attachment indiscriminately
✔✔Insula - ✔✔• Involved in negative emotions: disgust, pain, hunger, empathy, and
callousness
✔✔Cingulate cortex - ✔✔• Links emotions to actions and predicts the consequences of
actions.
• Involved in experiencing intense love, anger, or lost.
• Activated when mother here's her infant cry.
• Involved into detecting how others feel and reaching to others emotions.
• Registers social rejection.
• Adjust behavior to social context.
✔✔Hippocampus and parahippocampal gyrus - ✔✔the memory structures
• regulates information coming to the neocortex.
• Involved in memory, learning, long-term memories, and retrieval of information.
• Builds cognitive maps of individual in relation to time, place, and past and present
experiences.
• Assigns the time and place to an event.
✔✔Septal nuclei - ✔✔Quiets and dampens down responses of rage.
, • Involves in socialization and development of enduring emotional attachments.
• Regulates hippocampal memory related activity.
• Involved in pleasure and reward
✔✔Nucleus accumbens - ✔✔Modulates the limbic system.
• Involved in reward and pleasure circuit.
✔✔Cingulate gyrus - ✔✔integrates emotional information and cognition before
conveying that information to the hypothalamus in neocortex.
• Assigns emotional value to stimuli.
• Involved in mother child interaction, long-term attachments.
• Regulates automatic, endocrine functioning and motor functions.
• Involved in retrieval of short term memories.
✔✔Basal ganglia (4 parts)? - ✔✔1. Striatum
2. Pallidum
3. Substansia Nigra
4. Subthalamic nucleus
✔✔Basal ganglia - ✔✔• brings together a motion, executive function, motivation, and
motor activity.
• Involved in posture, walking and eye movements.
• Moderates motor expression of emotional state (hitting, biting, licking.)
• Also involved in memory, cognition and emotion.
• Controls extrapyramidal motor tract.
✔✔Corpus callosum - ✔✔Allows for communication between the right and left
hemispheres of the brain?
✔✔6 Key aspects involved in providing cultural competent health care? - ✔✔1
Awareness and acceptance of cultural differences
2 Self-awareness of one's culture
3 Understanding the dynamics of cultural differences
4 Knowledge of the client's family culture
5 Adaptation of services to support the client's culture
6 Responding to families/family members in an empathetic manner.
✔✔cultural empathy. The nurse should assess? - ✔✔family self-identified ethnicity,
family's degree of acculturation (languages spoken, recent migration, Native culture,
community discriminations, etc, religious preferences or practices)
✔✔Family systems 7 Basic strategies for working with? - ✔✔1. Select appropriate
system to work with
2. Providing more time to work with unacculturated families
3. Dealing with language differences
ANSWERS MARKED A+
✔✔Temporal lobe - ✔✔• Emotion and memory circuits
• Hearing, learning, memory circuits, sexual identity, and processing of auditory stimuli
• Gives emotional tone to memories
• Is involved in making moral judgments
✔✔Occipital lobe - ✔✔• Vision
• Visual memory
• Reading
• language formation
• reception of vestibular, acoustic, and tactile stimuli
✔✔Cerebrum - ✔✔• Functions as an auxiliary structure for the entire cerebral cortex
• Posture and balance in walking
• Sequential movements required in eating and writing
• Control speed and acceleration of movement
• Involved in smooth eye movement
• Cognition and language
• Memory and impulse control
✔✔Brainstem (Medulla oblongata, pons, and midbrain) - ✔✔• Medulla oblongata-
regulation of blood pressure, respiration, and digestion. Reflex center for vomiting
coughing, sneezing, swallowing, and hiccupping.
• Pons- Relays information from the cerebral hemisphere to the cerebellum
• Midbrain- control many sensory and motor functions including eye movement
✔✔Locus ceruleus - ✔✔• Produces norepinephrine
• Activity maintains arousal
• Inactivity allows sleep
✔✔Dorsal raphe - ✔✔• Produces serotonin
• Control sleep wake cycle
✔✔Reticular activating system (RAS) - ✔✔• Involved in arousal and sleep- the "toggle
switch"
• Switches the cerebral cortex on when individual is relaxed
• Switches limbic system on when there is a threat
• Regulates thalamus and cortex activities that are involved in emotions
• Involved in processing pain and in regulation of heartrate, breathing, perspiration,
swallowing, coughing, salivation, urination, and sexual arousal
✔✔Reticular activating system (RAS) - ✔✔• Involved in arousal and sleep- the "toggle
switch"
,• Switches the cerebral cortex on when individual is relaxed
• Switches limbic system on when there is a threat
• Regulates thalamus and cortex activities that are involved in emotions
• Involved in processing pain and in regulation of heartrate, breathing, perspiration,
swallowing, coughing, salivation, urination, and sexual arousal
✔✔Hypothalamus - ✔✔• Bridges internal homeostasis and outside environment
• Involved with raw emotions of pleasure, reward, aversion, and rage
• Regulates the autonomic nervous system and secretion of pituitary hormones
• Involved in hunger, thirst, water balance, regulation of temperature, circadian rhythms,
and stress response
✔✔Thalamus - ✔✔• Gaits information to the neocortex
• Processes information coming from the 5 senses and information coming from the
amygdala and cerebellum before it goes to the neocortex
• Involved in wakefulness, sleep, and pain perception
✔✔Amygdala - ✔✔• Anxiety and anger
• Generates rudimentary emotions such as fear, rage, religious ecstasy, and sexual
desire
• Surveys the environment
• Regulates fear and response to stress
• Evaluates expression of friendliness, fear, love, affection, distrust, and anger
• Contributes to emotional memories, especially fear
• Seeks attachment indiscriminately
✔✔Insula - ✔✔• Involved in negative emotions: disgust, pain, hunger, empathy, and
callousness
✔✔Cingulate cortex - ✔✔• Links emotions to actions and predicts the consequences of
actions.
• Involved in experiencing intense love, anger, or lost.
• Activated when mother here's her infant cry.
• Involved into detecting how others feel and reaching to others emotions.
• Registers social rejection.
• Adjust behavior to social context.
✔✔Hippocampus and parahippocampal gyrus - ✔✔the memory structures
• regulates information coming to the neocortex.
• Involved in memory, learning, long-term memories, and retrieval of information.
• Builds cognitive maps of individual in relation to time, place, and past and present
experiences.
• Assigns the time and place to an event.
✔✔Septal nuclei - ✔✔Quiets and dampens down responses of rage.
, • Involves in socialization and development of enduring emotional attachments.
• Regulates hippocampal memory related activity.
• Involved in pleasure and reward
✔✔Nucleus accumbens - ✔✔Modulates the limbic system.
• Involved in reward and pleasure circuit.
✔✔Cingulate gyrus - ✔✔integrates emotional information and cognition before
conveying that information to the hypothalamus in neocortex.
• Assigns emotional value to stimuli.
• Involved in mother child interaction, long-term attachments.
• Regulates automatic, endocrine functioning and motor functions.
• Involved in retrieval of short term memories.
✔✔Basal ganglia (4 parts)? - ✔✔1. Striatum
2. Pallidum
3. Substansia Nigra
4. Subthalamic nucleus
✔✔Basal ganglia - ✔✔• brings together a motion, executive function, motivation, and
motor activity.
• Involved in posture, walking and eye movements.
• Moderates motor expression of emotional state (hitting, biting, licking.)
• Also involved in memory, cognition and emotion.
• Controls extrapyramidal motor tract.
✔✔Corpus callosum - ✔✔Allows for communication between the right and left
hemispheres of the brain?
✔✔6 Key aspects involved in providing cultural competent health care? - ✔✔1
Awareness and acceptance of cultural differences
2 Self-awareness of one's culture
3 Understanding the dynamics of cultural differences
4 Knowledge of the client's family culture
5 Adaptation of services to support the client's culture
6 Responding to families/family members in an empathetic manner.
✔✔cultural empathy. The nurse should assess? - ✔✔family self-identified ethnicity,
family's degree of acculturation (languages spoken, recent migration, Native culture,
community discriminations, etc, religious preferences or practices)
✔✔Family systems 7 Basic strategies for working with? - ✔✔1. Select appropriate
system to work with
2. Providing more time to work with unacculturated families
3. Dealing with language differences
