COMPREHENSIVE EXAM SCRIPT 2026 FULL
SOLUTION STUDY GUIDE
◉ Nursing Care for FVE Answer: diuretics
fluid restriction
strict I&O
restrict sodium
daily weight
monitor serum potassium
assess lung sounds
◉ Causes of FVE Answer: heart failure
renal failure
cirrhosis- liver failure
overhydration
poorly controlled IV therapy esp w/young & old pt
◉ compensatory mechanisms for FVE Answer: bradycardia
vasodilation
increased urine output
decrease urine specific gravity
, ◉ presenting symptoms for FVD Answer: weight loss (1L fluid = 2.2
lbs)
decreased skin turgor
oliguria (concentrated urine)
dry, sticky mucous membranes
postural hypotension
weak, rapid pulse
◉ nursing care for FVD Answer: - strict I&O
- replacement of fluids isotonically, preferably oral
- always hang NaCl w/calcium
- water is hypotonic
- if IV hydration, use isotonic fluids (0.9% NaCl, LR)
◉ causes of FVD Answer: vomiting
diarrhea
GI suctioning
sweating
inadequate fluid intake
massive edema (burns)
ascites
older adults forgetting to drink