1|Page
RENAL HESI N172: TEST QUESTIONS
WITH CORRECT ANSWERS ALREADY
GRADED A+
Which condition can be prevented when a client with chronic kidney disease receives medication
to manage anemia?
A. Uremic frost
B. Chronic fatigue
C. Tubular necrosis
D. Dependent edema - - ANS✔️--B. Chronic fatigue
Rationale
Kidney failure results in impaired erythropoietin production, which causes anemia and chronic
fatigue; treating the anemia will help in managing the fatigue. Uremic frost results because urea
compounds and other waste products of metabolism that are not excreted by the kidneys are
brought to the skin by small, superficial capillaries and are excreted and deposited on the skin.
Tubular necrosis is a pathological condition of the kidneys that can lead to kidney failure. The
anemia and dependent edema associated with kidney failure are not interrelated.
,2|Page
Which male client would the nurse note as having the highest risk for development of clinical
manifestations related to prostate cancer?
A. African American 55-year-old
B. White 45-year-old
C. Asian 55-year-old
D. Hispanic 45-year-old - - ANS✔️--A. African American 55-year-old
Rationale
Cancer of the prostate is rare before age 50 years but increases with age. African American men
develop cancer of the prostate more often and at an earlier age than white men do. African
American men develop prostate cancer more often than any other ethnic group. Asian American
men have a lower incidence than white men do.
The nurse reviews the kidney function blood studies of four clients. Which client's results
indicate kidney impairment?
Client
Serum creatinine/Blood urea nitrogen (BUN)
Client 1: 0.1 mg/dL (8.84 mmol/L) //16 mg/dL (5.712 mmol/L)
Client 2: 0.8 mg/dL (70.72 mmol/L) // 18 mg/dL (6.426 mmol/L)
,3|Page
Client 3: 1.2 mg/đL (106.08 mmol/L) // 20 mg/dL (7,14 mmol/L)
Client 4: 1.9 mg/dL (167.96 mmol/L) // 22 mg/dL (7.85 mmol/L)
A. Client 1
B. Client 2
C. Client 3
D. Client 4 - - ANS✔️--D. Client 4
Rationale
Elevated creatinine level signifies impaired kidney function or kidney disease. As the kidneys
become impaired for any reason, the creatinine level in the blood will rise due to poor clearance
of creatinine by the kidneys.
Abnormally high levels of creatinine thus warn of possible malfunction or failure of the kidneys.
If the kidneys are not able to remove urea from the blood normally, the blood urea nitrogen
(BUN) level rises. The normal range of serum creatinine lies between 0.6 and 1.2 mg/dL (53.04-
106.08 mol/L). The normal range of BUN lies between 10 and 20 mg/dL (3.57-7.14 mmol/L).
Client 4's levels indicate kidney impairment. The serum creatinine and BUN are within normal
limits for clients 1, 2, and 3.
A client with renal failure receives prescriptions for vitamin D and calcium supplements.
The client asks the nurse, "Why do I need to take these?" The nurse explains that, with renal
failure, which condition exists?
, 4|Page
A. A decrease in the inactive forms of vitamin D in the body
B. A decrease in the active metabolite of vitamin D in the body
C. An increase in the conversion of skin cholesterol into vitamin D
D. An increase in the vitamin D-associated intestinal absorption of calcium - - ANS✔️--B. A
decrease in the active metabolite of vitamin D in the body
Rationale
Renal failure results in a decrease in the active metabolite of vitamin D because inactive vitamin
D gets activated in the liver and then in the kidneys. Food sources of vitamin D and sunlight
contribute to an inactive form of the hormone in the body. Inactive vitamin D will decrease if
foods rich in vitamin D are not consumed or exposure to sunlight is reduced. Conversion of skin
cholesterol to vitamin D depends on exposure to sunlight and not renal impairment. In renal
failure there is less active vitamin D and therefore less intestinal absorption of calcium.
For which complications would the nurse monitor a client hospitalized with end-stage kidney
disease? Select all that apply. One, some, or all responses may be correct.
A. Anemia
B. Dyspnea
C. Jaundice
D. Hyperexcitability
E. Hypophosphatemia - - ANS✔️--A. Anemia
RENAL HESI N172: TEST QUESTIONS
WITH CORRECT ANSWERS ALREADY
GRADED A+
Which condition can be prevented when a client with chronic kidney disease receives medication
to manage anemia?
A. Uremic frost
B. Chronic fatigue
C. Tubular necrosis
D. Dependent edema - - ANS✔️--B. Chronic fatigue
Rationale
Kidney failure results in impaired erythropoietin production, which causes anemia and chronic
fatigue; treating the anemia will help in managing the fatigue. Uremic frost results because urea
compounds and other waste products of metabolism that are not excreted by the kidneys are
brought to the skin by small, superficial capillaries and are excreted and deposited on the skin.
Tubular necrosis is a pathological condition of the kidneys that can lead to kidney failure. The
anemia and dependent edema associated with kidney failure are not interrelated.
,2|Page
Which male client would the nurse note as having the highest risk for development of clinical
manifestations related to prostate cancer?
A. African American 55-year-old
B. White 45-year-old
C. Asian 55-year-old
D. Hispanic 45-year-old - - ANS✔️--A. African American 55-year-old
Rationale
Cancer of the prostate is rare before age 50 years but increases with age. African American men
develop cancer of the prostate more often and at an earlier age than white men do. African
American men develop prostate cancer more often than any other ethnic group. Asian American
men have a lower incidence than white men do.
The nurse reviews the kidney function blood studies of four clients. Which client's results
indicate kidney impairment?
Client
Serum creatinine/Blood urea nitrogen (BUN)
Client 1: 0.1 mg/dL (8.84 mmol/L) //16 mg/dL (5.712 mmol/L)
Client 2: 0.8 mg/dL (70.72 mmol/L) // 18 mg/dL (6.426 mmol/L)
,3|Page
Client 3: 1.2 mg/đL (106.08 mmol/L) // 20 mg/dL (7,14 mmol/L)
Client 4: 1.9 mg/dL (167.96 mmol/L) // 22 mg/dL (7.85 mmol/L)
A. Client 1
B. Client 2
C. Client 3
D. Client 4 - - ANS✔️--D. Client 4
Rationale
Elevated creatinine level signifies impaired kidney function or kidney disease. As the kidneys
become impaired for any reason, the creatinine level in the blood will rise due to poor clearance
of creatinine by the kidneys.
Abnormally high levels of creatinine thus warn of possible malfunction or failure of the kidneys.
If the kidneys are not able to remove urea from the blood normally, the blood urea nitrogen
(BUN) level rises. The normal range of serum creatinine lies between 0.6 and 1.2 mg/dL (53.04-
106.08 mol/L). The normal range of BUN lies between 10 and 20 mg/dL (3.57-7.14 mmol/L).
Client 4's levels indicate kidney impairment. The serum creatinine and BUN are within normal
limits for clients 1, 2, and 3.
A client with renal failure receives prescriptions for vitamin D and calcium supplements.
The client asks the nurse, "Why do I need to take these?" The nurse explains that, with renal
failure, which condition exists?
, 4|Page
A. A decrease in the inactive forms of vitamin D in the body
B. A decrease in the active metabolite of vitamin D in the body
C. An increase in the conversion of skin cholesterol into vitamin D
D. An increase in the vitamin D-associated intestinal absorption of calcium - - ANS✔️--B. A
decrease in the active metabolite of vitamin D in the body
Rationale
Renal failure results in a decrease in the active metabolite of vitamin D because inactive vitamin
D gets activated in the liver and then in the kidneys. Food sources of vitamin D and sunlight
contribute to an inactive form of the hormone in the body. Inactive vitamin D will decrease if
foods rich in vitamin D are not consumed or exposure to sunlight is reduced. Conversion of skin
cholesterol to vitamin D depends on exposure to sunlight and not renal impairment. In renal
failure there is less active vitamin D and therefore less intestinal absorption of calcium.
For which complications would the nurse monitor a client hospitalized with end-stage kidney
disease? Select all that apply. One, some, or all responses may be correct.
A. Anemia
B. Dyspnea
C. Jaundice
D. Hyperexcitability
E. Hypophosphatemia - - ANS✔️--A. Anemia
