Information management The management of organizational processes and systems; helps the organization
reduce costs and adds value to products; helps the organization make better
managerial decisions; stores and processes data.
Information technology The use of computer and telecommunications systems for storing, retrieving, and
sending information; comprised of hardware, software, data, and networks.
information technology management the management of hardware, software, data, networks, and people that facilitate
access to information and allow the organization to achieve business objectives.
Strategic information system provide tools used by an organization to accomplish specific tasks to gain
competitive advantage.
Social Networking and interpersonal skills. Enhances interpersonal and relationship-forming skills.
Porters 5 competitive forces Intensity competitive rivalry
bargaining power of customers
bargaining power of suppliers
threat of new entrants
threat of substitutes
Network economics (network-based strategy) the cost of adding another business participant to a business venture is small, the
potential gain is great.
Business ecosystems Network of businesses involved in delivering a product through mutual
cooperation.
Product differentiation (business strategy) offering a higher quality product to differentiate from others in the market
growth (business strategy) adding new products or new enhancements to existing products
Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) Involves utilizing computer technology to link various aspects of a business; a very
complex resource planning system that spans the entire business; companies
often have difficulty implementing the system.
Customer Relationship Management (CRM) Allows for personalized communication to customers.
Knowledge Management (KM) These systems provide tools to help manage organizational knowledge and
create value to meet business requirements and strategic goals.
chief executive officer (CEO) also called president or managing director, is responsible for the success or
failure of the company, creating the company culture, selecting the senior
management team, setting strategy and vision, and selecting projects to fund.
chief operations officer (COO) is the director of operations, responsible for the oversight of internal operations
on a day-to-day basis and for monitoring production quotas
chief financial officer (CFO) manages the company's cash flow and evaluates and communicates financial risks.
,chief information officer (CIO) a business leader who analyzes internal business processes such as payroll and
billing, reshapes the physical infrastructure and network purchases to meet
business goals, and leads the workforce to implement critical IT internal projects;
responsible for information systems strategic thinking and planning.
chief technology officer (CTO) has ultimate responsibility for all technology implementation, maintaining
technology compliance regulations, and identifying technology risks for the
company.
chief security officer (CSO) is the highest level executive concerned with the overall security functions and
policies of a business.
Systems Analyst A change agent who uses design and analysis techniques to solve organizational
problems using information technology; they report about system development
and keep others informed; should understand overall business processes; focuses
on analysis, design, and implementation
Information Security Analyst Their goal is to ensure that data and systems are secure to prevent breaches.
Information Security The concept of protecting valuable information assets.
Project Manager They deliver quality systems on time, manage the budget, and plan for the
unexpected (they do not train new users).
Gantt chart A visual view of tasks scheduled over time; used for planning projects.
Dashboard A system that is the culmination of information from many data sources, allowing
management to perform a thorough analysis.
Cultural Particularism A societal norm that emotionally ties people to local brands or habits.
Network Engineer Responsible for the layout, installation, and maintenance of all information
technology network components.
Success of strategic information systems projects A majority fail to meet schedule or budget
Organizational features that can change the company Processes, politics, culture, and environment
direction
Global Business Strategies that form their organizational transnational, multinational, franchisers, domestic exporter
and information systems structure
Transnational a commercial enterprise that operates substantial facilities, does business in more
than one country and does not consider any particular country its national home.
Multinational an organization that owns or controls production of goods or services in one or
more countries other than their home country.
Database Management System (DBMS) Allows multiple departments to access, analyze, and modify data that is stored in
one central location.
, Total Cost of Ownership (TCO) Helps establish feasibility.
Platform as a Service (PaaS) service provider provides server space, the server, virtualization, operating
system, database, and development environment in a platform that can be used
for application development. An example would be Amazon Web Services.
Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS) A service provider provides a cloud fabric, or pooled services, including server
space, servers, storage, and all other aspects of the computing platform, with the
exception of the operating system and applications, which the client organization
would install and manage.
Analytics as a Service (AaaS) A cloud software service
Software as a Service (SaaS) Software licensed and hosted on centralized or distributed servers that belong to
a service provider. Users access this software using a connection to the Internet
and a web browser.
Agile software development methodology an operational method by which software developers iteratively gather
requirements, plan, design, develop, test, and implement software.
Information Technology Infrastructure Library (ITIL) common set of best practices widely used by businesses to give guidance to
companies on how to use IT as a tool for implementing change
Pseudocode an informal high-level description of the operating principle of a computer
program or other algorithm. Used for human reading, rather than machine
reading, and it can be used to translate into any programming language.
Input components include devices that provide input into the processing unit. These
include peripherals, such as the keyboard, mouse, microphone (audio input),
sensors, and document or visual scanners.
Central Processing Unit (CPU) the brain/microprocessor of the computer.
Output Components include internal storage devices or processes, as well as external
peripherals such as monitor screens (visual output), speakers (audio output), and
printers (physical output).
system bus connection between the CPU, memory, storage, expansion slots, and other
motherboard components
primary storage flash memory chips, such as shown below, plugged into memory slots on the
motherboard.
Secondary storage accessed only through a system's input/output bus and is generally several orders
of magnitude slower than primary storage technologies
Removable media, such as magnetic floppy disks, optical discs (CDs & DVDs), and
USB flash drives
reduce costs and adds value to products; helps the organization make better
managerial decisions; stores and processes data.
Information technology The use of computer and telecommunications systems for storing, retrieving, and
sending information; comprised of hardware, software, data, and networks.
information technology management the management of hardware, software, data, networks, and people that facilitate
access to information and allow the organization to achieve business objectives.
Strategic information system provide tools used by an organization to accomplish specific tasks to gain
competitive advantage.
Social Networking and interpersonal skills. Enhances interpersonal and relationship-forming skills.
Porters 5 competitive forces Intensity competitive rivalry
bargaining power of customers
bargaining power of suppliers
threat of new entrants
threat of substitutes
Network economics (network-based strategy) the cost of adding another business participant to a business venture is small, the
potential gain is great.
Business ecosystems Network of businesses involved in delivering a product through mutual
cooperation.
Product differentiation (business strategy) offering a higher quality product to differentiate from others in the market
growth (business strategy) adding new products or new enhancements to existing products
Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) Involves utilizing computer technology to link various aspects of a business; a very
complex resource planning system that spans the entire business; companies
often have difficulty implementing the system.
Customer Relationship Management (CRM) Allows for personalized communication to customers.
Knowledge Management (KM) These systems provide tools to help manage organizational knowledge and
create value to meet business requirements and strategic goals.
chief executive officer (CEO) also called president or managing director, is responsible for the success or
failure of the company, creating the company culture, selecting the senior
management team, setting strategy and vision, and selecting projects to fund.
chief operations officer (COO) is the director of operations, responsible for the oversight of internal operations
on a day-to-day basis and for monitoring production quotas
chief financial officer (CFO) manages the company's cash flow and evaluates and communicates financial risks.
,chief information officer (CIO) a business leader who analyzes internal business processes such as payroll and
billing, reshapes the physical infrastructure and network purchases to meet
business goals, and leads the workforce to implement critical IT internal projects;
responsible for information systems strategic thinking and planning.
chief technology officer (CTO) has ultimate responsibility for all technology implementation, maintaining
technology compliance regulations, and identifying technology risks for the
company.
chief security officer (CSO) is the highest level executive concerned with the overall security functions and
policies of a business.
Systems Analyst A change agent who uses design and analysis techniques to solve organizational
problems using information technology; they report about system development
and keep others informed; should understand overall business processes; focuses
on analysis, design, and implementation
Information Security Analyst Their goal is to ensure that data and systems are secure to prevent breaches.
Information Security The concept of protecting valuable information assets.
Project Manager They deliver quality systems on time, manage the budget, and plan for the
unexpected (they do not train new users).
Gantt chart A visual view of tasks scheduled over time; used for planning projects.
Dashboard A system that is the culmination of information from many data sources, allowing
management to perform a thorough analysis.
Cultural Particularism A societal norm that emotionally ties people to local brands or habits.
Network Engineer Responsible for the layout, installation, and maintenance of all information
technology network components.
Success of strategic information systems projects A majority fail to meet schedule or budget
Organizational features that can change the company Processes, politics, culture, and environment
direction
Global Business Strategies that form their organizational transnational, multinational, franchisers, domestic exporter
and information systems structure
Transnational a commercial enterprise that operates substantial facilities, does business in more
than one country and does not consider any particular country its national home.
Multinational an organization that owns or controls production of goods or services in one or
more countries other than their home country.
Database Management System (DBMS) Allows multiple departments to access, analyze, and modify data that is stored in
one central location.
, Total Cost of Ownership (TCO) Helps establish feasibility.
Platform as a Service (PaaS) service provider provides server space, the server, virtualization, operating
system, database, and development environment in a platform that can be used
for application development. An example would be Amazon Web Services.
Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS) A service provider provides a cloud fabric, or pooled services, including server
space, servers, storage, and all other aspects of the computing platform, with the
exception of the operating system and applications, which the client organization
would install and manage.
Analytics as a Service (AaaS) A cloud software service
Software as a Service (SaaS) Software licensed and hosted on centralized or distributed servers that belong to
a service provider. Users access this software using a connection to the Internet
and a web browser.
Agile software development methodology an operational method by which software developers iteratively gather
requirements, plan, design, develop, test, and implement software.
Information Technology Infrastructure Library (ITIL) common set of best practices widely used by businesses to give guidance to
companies on how to use IT as a tool for implementing change
Pseudocode an informal high-level description of the operating principle of a computer
program or other algorithm. Used for human reading, rather than machine
reading, and it can be used to translate into any programming language.
Input components include devices that provide input into the processing unit. These
include peripherals, such as the keyboard, mouse, microphone (audio input),
sensors, and document or visual scanners.
Central Processing Unit (CPU) the brain/microprocessor of the computer.
Output Components include internal storage devices or processes, as well as external
peripherals such as monitor screens (visual output), speakers (audio output), and
printers (physical output).
system bus connection between the CPU, memory, storage, expansion slots, and other
motherboard components
primary storage flash memory chips, such as shown below, plugged into memory slots on the
motherboard.
Secondary storage accessed only through a system's input/output bus and is generally several orders
of magnitude slower than primary storage technologies
Removable media, such as magnetic floppy disks, optical discs (CDs & DVDs), and
USB flash drives
