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NR 509 Final Exam
NR 509 Final Exam 2026
Suspicious breast mass - ANSS=-A mobile mass that becomes fixed when the arm relaxes
is attached to the ribs and intercostal muscles; if fixed when the hand is pressed against
the hip, it is attached to the pectoral fascia.
-Hard irregular poorly circumscribed nodules, fixed to the skin or underlying tissues,
strongly suggest cancer
Risk for Breast cancer - ANSS=--*Age*
-family history of breast/ovarian CA
- inherited genetic mutations,
-personal history of breast cancer
- high levels of endogenous hormones
- breast tissue density
- proliferative lesions with atypia on breast biopsy, - duration of unopposed estrogen
exposure related to early menarche
-age of first full-term pregnancy
- late menopause.
- breastfeeding for less than 1 year,
- postmenopausal obesity
-cigarette smoking, alcohol ingestion,
- physical inactivity, and type of contraception.
Characteristics of a breast cyst - ANSS=Soft to firm, round, mobile, often tender.
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The best way to examine the lateral portion of the breast - ANSS=-Have pt roll onto the
opposite hip
-place her hand on her forehead.
- keep shoulders pressed against the bed
-palpate in the axilla, moving in a straight line down to the bra line, then move the fingers
medially and palpate in a vertical strip up the chest to the clavicle. Continue in vertical
overlapping strips until you reach the nipple
Bacterial Vaginosis (BV) - ANSS=-Caused by overgrowth of anaerobic bacteria (often from
sex)
- Discharge: Gray or white, thin, homogenous, malodorous, coats the vaginal walls, usually
not profuse, may be minimal
- Fishy/musty genital odor
-Normal vulva and vaginal mucosa
-Scan saline wet mount for clue cells (epithelial cells with stippled borders); sniff for fishy
odor after applying KOH ("whiff test"); test the vaginal secretions for pH > 4.5
Candidal Vaginitis - ANSS=-Cause: Candida albicans, a yeast (normal overgrowth of
vaginal flora); many factors predispose, including antibiotic therapy
-Discharge: white and curdy, may be thin but usually thick, not as profuse as trichomonal
infection, not malodorous
- vaginal soreness, pruritus, pain on urination, dyspareunia (painful intercourse)
-The vulva and surrounding skin are inflamed and sometimes swollen to a variable extent;
the vaginal mucosa is reddened, with white tenacious patches of discharge; the mucosa
may bleed when these patches are scraped off; in mild cases, the mucosa looks normal
-Scan potassium hydroxide (KOH) preparation for the branching hyphae of Candida
Trichomonal Vaginitis - ANSS=-Trichomonas vaginalis, a protozoan; often but not always
acquired sexually
NR 509 Final Exam
NR 509 Final Exam 2026
Suspicious breast mass - ANSS=-A mobile mass that becomes fixed when the arm relaxes
is attached to the ribs and intercostal muscles; if fixed when the hand is pressed against
the hip, it is attached to the pectoral fascia.
-Hard irregular poorly circumscribed nodules, fixed to the skin or underlying tissues,
strongly suggest cancer
Risk for Breast cancer - ANSS=--*Age*
-family history of breast/ovarian CA
- inherited genetic mutations,
-personal history of breast cancer
- high levels of endogenous hormones
- breast tissue density
- proliferative lesions with atypia on breast biopsy, - duration of unopposed estrogen
exposure related to early menarche
-age of first full-term pregnancy
- late menopause.
- breastfeeding for less than 1 year,
- postmenopausal obesity
-cigarette smoking, alcohol ingestion,
- physical inactivity, and type of contraception.
Characteristics of a breast cyst - ANSS=Soft to firm, round, mobile, often tender.
, 2
The best way to examine the lateral portion of the breast - ANSS=-Have pt roll onto the
opposite hip
-place her hand on her forehead.
- keep shoulders pressed against the bed
-palpate in the axilla, moving in a straight line down to the bra line, then move the fingers
medially and palpate in a vertical strip up the chest to the clavicle. Continue in vertical
overlapping strips until you reach the nipple
Bacterial Vaginosis (BV) - ANSS=-Caused by overgrowth of anaerobic bacteria (often from
sex)
- Discharge: Gray or white, thin, homogenous, malodorous, coats the vaginal walls, usually
not profuse, may be minimal
- Fishy/musty genital odor
-Normal vulva and vaginal mucosa
-Scan saline wet mount for clue cells (epithelial cells with stippled borders); sniff for fishy
odor after applying KOH ("whiff test"); test the vaginal secretions for pH > 4.5
Candidal Vaginitis - ANSS=-Cause: Candida albicans, a yeast (normal overgrowth of
vaginal flora); many factors predispose, including antibiotic therapy
-Discharge: white and curdy, may be thin but usually thick, not as profuse as trichomonal
infection, not malodorous
- vaginal soreness, pruritus, pain on urination, dyspareunia (painful intercourse)
-The vulva and surrounding skin are inflamed and sometimes swollen to a variable extent;
the vaginal mucosa is reddened, with white tenacious patches of discharge; the mucosa
may bleed when these patches are scraped off; in mild cases, the mucosa looks normal
-Scan potassium hydroxide (KOH) preparation for the branching hyphae of Candida
Trichomonal Vaginitis - ANSS=-Trichomonas vaginalis, a protozoan; often but not always
acquired sexually
