ONCOLOGY LATEST 2026 EXAM QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS MARKED A+
✔✔The nurse is providing discharge instructions to a client who has undergone
treatment of cervical cancer with a radiation (cesium) implant. Which instruction should
the nurse provide to the client?
1.Avoid douching for at least 1 year.
2.Use a vaginal dilator 3 times a week.
3.Sexual activity can be resumed in about 2 months.
4.Bed rest is recommended for at least 1 week after discharge. - ✔✔2
✔✔The community nurse is conducting a health promotion program, and the topic of the
discussion relates to the risk factors for gastric cancer. Which item, if identified as a risk
factor by a client, indicates a need for further discussion?
1.Smoking
2.A low-fat diet
3.Foods containing nitrates
4.A diet of smoked, highly salted, and spiced foods - ✔✔2
✔✔The nurse is admitting a client with laryngeal cancer to the nursing unit. What should
the nurse assess for as the most common risk factor for this type of cancer?
1.Alcohol abuse
2.Cigarette smoking
3.Use of chewing tobacco
4.Exposure to air pollutants - ✔✔2
✔✔The nurse is reviewing the laboratory test results for a client with a diagnosis of
leukemia who is receiving chemotherapy. The nurse notes that the client's platelet count
is 20,000 mm3 (200 × 109/L). The nurse should prepare to implement which action
based on this finding?
1.Remove the fresh flowers from the client's room.
2.Remove the rectal thermometer from the client's room.
3.Instruct family members to wear a mask when entering the client's room.
4.Call the dietary department to report that the client will be on a low-bacteria diet. -
✔✔2
✔✔The nurse is reviewing a plan of care for a client with cancer of the cervix who is
undergoing treatment with a cesium (radiation) implant. Which nursing interventions are
most appropriate for this client? Select all that apply.
1.Maintain the client on bed rest.
2.Place the client on a low-fiber diet.
3.Keep the head of the bed flat at all times.
4.Restrict visitors to visiting for 60 minutes per day.
5.Stand at the entrance of the room to communicate with the client when possible. -
✔✔1, 2, 5
,✔✔The nurse is caring for the client who is suspected of having lung cancer. The nurse
should assess the client for which most frequent early symptom of lung cancer?
1.Cough
2.Hoarseness
3.Hemoptysis
4.Pleuritic pain - ✔✔1
✔✔The nurse is counseling a woman about decreasing her risk for cervical cancer.
Which statement by the client indicates a need for further counseling?
1."I need to seek prompt treatment for vaginitis."
2."Condoms are needed only if I do not trust a new partner."
3."A partner who is uncircumcised will present an increased risk." 4."I need to keep
appointments for Pap tests at the frequency advised by my primary health care
provider." - ✔✔2
✔✔A client who has been receiving radiation therapy for bladder cancer tells the nurse
that it feels as if she is voiding through the vagina. The nurse interprets that the client
may be experiencing which condition?
1.Rupture of the bladder
2.The development of a vesicovaginal fistula
3.Extreme stress caused by the diagnosis of cancer
4.Altered perineal sensation as a side effect of radiation therapy - ✔✔2
✔✔The nurse is participating in a health screening clinic and is preparing teaching
materials about colorectal cancer. Which risk factor for colorectal cancer should the
nurse include?
1.High-fiber, low-fat diet
2.Age older than 30 years
3.Distant relative with colorectal cancer
4.Personal history of ulcerative colitis or gastrointestinal polyps - ✔✔4
✔✔The nurse has provided discharge instructions to a client who has had cryosurgery
to remove a malignant skin lesion. The nurse determines that the client understands the
instructions if the client makes which statements? Select all that apply.
1."I need to avoid baths or showers for 7 to 10 days."
2."I need to clean the site as prescribed to prevent infection."
3."I need to apply ice to the site continuously to prevent swelling."
4."I need to expect some swelling and tenderness in the affected area."
5."I need to apply alcohol-soaked dressings twice a day for 30 minutes each time." -
✔✔2, 4
✔✔The nurse is caring for a client with leukemia. In assessing the client for signs of
leukemia, the nurse determines that what should be monitored?
1.Platelet count
, 2.Bone marrow biopsy
3.White blood cell count
4.Complete blood cell count - ✔✔2
✔✔A client with laryngeal cancer has undergone laryngectomy and is now receiving
external radiation therapy to the head and neck. The nurse should monitor the client for
which side and adverse effects of external radiation? Select all that apply.
1.Cystitis
2.Stomatitis
3.Dysgeusia
4.Leukopenia
5.Xerostomia
6.Thrombocytopenia - ✔✔2, 3, 5
✔✔The nurse is preparing to care for a client with a diagnosis of metastatic cancer. The
nurse notes documentation in the client's chart that the client is experiencing cachexia.
Which should the nurse expect to note on assessment of the client?
1.Elevated blood pressure and ascites
2.Sunken eyes and a hollow cheek appearance
3.Periorbital edema and swelling around the ears
4.Generalized edema and the presence of weight gain - ✔✔2
✔✔A client is having a diagnostic workup for colorectal cancer. Which factors in the
client's history place the client at increased risk for this type of cancer? Select all that
apply.
1.A high-fiber diet
2.A diet high in fats
3.Minimal alcohol intake
4.A diet high in carbohydrates
5.A history of inflammatory bowel disease
6.A maternal grandfather who had a history of heart disease - ✔✔2, 4, 5
✔✔The home health care nurse is visiting a client who has undergone a mastectomy.
The nurse determines that the client demonstrates greatest adjustment to the loss of the
breast if which behavior is noted?
1.The client looks at the surgical site.
2.The client performs the prescribed arm exercises.
3.The client takes the pain medication as prescribed.
4.The client has read all of the postoperative materials provided by the hospital nurse. -
✔✔1
✔✔A clinic nurse prepares a teaching plan for a client receiving an antineoplastic
medication to treat breast cancer. When implementing the plan, the nurse should make
which statement to the client?
1."You can take aspirin as needed for headache."
ANSWERS MARKED A+
✔✔The nurse is providing discharge instructions to a client who has undergone
treatment of cervical cancer with a radiation (cesium) implant. Which instruction should
the nurse provide to the client?
1.Avoid douching for at least 1 year.
2.Use a vaginal dilator 3 times a week.
3.Sexual activity can be resumed in about 2 months.
4.Bed rest is recommended for at least 1 week after discharge. - ✔✔2
✔✔The community nurse is conducting a health promotion program, and the topic of the
discussion relates to the risk factors for gastric cancer. Which item, if identified as a risk
factor by a client, indicates a need for further discussion?
1.Smoking
2.A low-fat diet
3.Foods containing nitrates
4.A diet of smoked, highly salted, and spiced foods - ✔✔2
✔✔The nurse is admitting a client with laryngeal cancer to the nursing unit. What should
the nurse assess for as the most common risk factor for this type of cancer?
1.Alcohol abuse
2.Cigarette smoking
3.Use of chewing tobacco
4.Exposure to air pollutants - ✔✔2
✔✔The nurse is reviewing the laboratory test results for a client with a diagnosis of
leukemia who is receiving chemotherapy. The nurse notes that the client's platelet count
is 20,000 mm3 (200 × 109/L). The nurse should prepare to implement which action
based on this finding?
1.Remove the fresh flowers from the client's room.
2.Remove the rectal thermometer from the client's room.
3.Instruct family members to wear a mask when entering the client's room.
4.Call the dietary department to report that the client will be on a low-bacteria diet. -
✔✔2
✔✔The nurse is reviewing a plan of care for a client with cancer of the cervix who is
undergoing treatment with a cesium (radiation) implant. Which nursing interventions are
most appropriate for this client? Select all that apply.
1.Maintain the client on bed rest.
2.Place the client on a low-fiber diet.
3.Keep the head of the bed flat at all times.
4.Restrict visitors to visiting for 60 minutes per day.
5.Stand at the entrance of the room to communicate with the client when possible. -
✔✔1, 2, 5
,✔✔The nurse is caring for the client who is suspected of having lung cancer. The nurse
should assess the client for which most frequent early symptom of lung cancer?
1.Cough
2.Hoarseness
3.Hemoptysis
4.Pleuritic pain - ✔✔1
✔✔The nurse is counseling a woman about decreasing her risk for cervical cancer.
Which statement by the client indicates a need for further counseling?
1."I need to seek prompt treatment for vaginitis."
2."Condoms are needed only if I do not trust a new partner."
3."A partner who is uncircumcised will present an increased risk." 4."I need to keep
appointments for Pap tests at the frequency advised by my primary health care
provider." - ✔✔2
✔✔A client who has been receiving radiation therapy for bladder cancer tells the nurse
that it feels as if she is voiding through the vagina. The nurse interprets that the client
may be experiencing which condition?
1.Rupture of the bladder
2.The development of a vesicovaginal fistula
3.Extreme stress caused by the diagnosis of cancer
4.Altered perineal sensation as a side effect of radiation therapy - ✔✔2
✔✔The nurse is participating in a health screening clinic and is preparing teaching
materials about colorectal cancer. Which risk factor for colorectal cancer should the
nurse include?
1.High-fiber, low-fat diet
2.Age older than 30 years
3.Distant relative with colorectal cancer
4.Personal history of ulcerative colitis or gastrointestinal polyps - ✔✔4
✔✔The nurse has provided discharge instructions to a client who has had cryosurgery
to remove a malignant skin lesion. The nurse determines that the client understands the
instructions if the client makes which statements? Select all that apply.
1."I need to avoid baths or showers for 7 to 10 days."
2."I need to clean the site as prescribed to prevent infection."
3."I need to apply ice to the site continuously to prevent swelling."
4."I need to expect some swelling and tenderness in the affected area."
5."I need to apply alcohol-soaked dressings twice a day for 30 minutes each time." -
✔✔2, 4
✔✔The nurse is caring for a client with leukemia. In assessing the client for signs of
leukemia, the nurse determines that what should be monitored?
1.Platelet count
, 2.Bone marrow biopsy
3.White blood cell count
4.Complete blood cell count - ✔✔2
✔✔A client with laryngeal cancer has undergone laryngectomy and is now receiving
external radiation therapy to the head and neck. The nurse should monitor the client for
which side and adverse effects of external radiation? Select all that apply.
1.Cystitis
2.Stomatitis
3.Dysgeusia
4.Leukopenia
5.Xerostomia
6.Thrombocytopenia - ✔✔2, 3, 5
✔✔The nurse is preparing to care for a client with a diagnosis of metastatic cancer. The
nurse notes documentation in the client's chart that the client is experiencing cachexia.
Which should the nurse expect to note on assessment of the client?
1.Elevated blood pressure and ascites
2.Sunken eyes and a hollow cheek appearance
3.Periorbital edema and swelling around the ears
4.Generalized edema and the presence of weight gain - ✔✔2
✔✔A client is having a diagnostic workup for colorectal cancer. Which factors in the
client's history place the client at increased risk for this type of cancer? Select all that
apply.
1.A high-fiber diet
2.A diet high in fats
3.Minimal alcohol intake
4.A diet high in carbohydrates
5.A history of inflammatory bowel disease
6.A maternal grandfather who had a history of heart disease - ✔✔2, 4, 5
✔✔The home health care nurse is visiting a client who has undergone a mastectomy.
The nurse determines that the client demonstrates greatest adjustment to the loss of the
breast if which behavior is noted?
1.The client looks at the surgical site.
2.The client performs the prescribed arm exercises.
3.The client takes the pain medication as prescribed.
4.The client has read all of the postoperative materials provided by the hospital nurse. -
✔✔1
✔✔A clinic nurse prepares a teaching plan for a client receiving an antineoplastic
medication to treat breast cancer. When implementing the plan, the nurse should make
which statement to the client?
1."You can take aspirin as needed for headache."
