Chapter 1 - Nursing Foundations
xz xz xz xz
1.
A client reports to the emergency department with ankle pain due to a minor road accident. By
xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz
asking the client to describe the accident, which type of nursing skill is the nurse using?
xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz
A. assessment skills xz
B. comforting skills xz
C. counseling skills xz
D. caringskills xz
Answer: A
xz xz
,Rationale: By asking the client to describe the accident, the nurse is using assessment skills to
xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz
collect more information about the client's condition. The nurse is interviewing the client to
xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz
collect related data. The nurse is not using comforting skills, as the nurse is not providing any
xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz
emotional support. The counseling skills of the nurse are also not used, as no health education is
xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz
provided. Caring skills include assistance provided with the activities of daily living, which is
xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz
not applicable in this scenario.
xz xz xz xz xz
Question format: Multiple Choice xz xz xz
Chapter 1: Nursing Foundations
xz xz xz xz
Cognitive Level: Understand
xz xz xz
Client Needs: Safe, Effective Care Environment: Management of Care Integrated
xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz
Process: Nursing Process
xz xz xz
Reference: p. 15 xz xz
2. One of the nursing achievements in the Crimean War was that the death rate of soldiers
xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz
dropped from 60% to 1%. What is the most appropriate reason for the fall in the death rate?
xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz
A. increased motivation among the soldiers xz xz xz xz
B. decreased rate of infection and gangrene xz xz xz xz xz
C. increased funds courtesy of donations from families xz xz xz xz xz xz
D. college-based education and training of nurses xz xz xz xz xz
xz Answer: B xz
Rationale: During the Crimean War, the death rate of British soldiers was 60%, which dropped
xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz
to 1% due to the nursing care provided. The nurses improved the ventilation, nutritional, and
xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz
sanitary conditions of the soldiers, leading to decreased rates of infection and gangrene. As a
xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz
result, the death rate dropped. The families and the soldiers donated funds after the war, not
xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz
during the war, through which an organized education and training facility for nurses was
xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz
started.
xz
Question format: Multiple Choice xz xz xz
Chapter 1: Nursing Foundations
xz xz xz xz
Cognitive Level: Remember
xz xz xz
Client Needs: Safe, Effective Care Environment: Safety and Infection Control
xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz
Integrated Process: Nursing Process
xz xz xz xz
Reference: p. 3 xz xz
3. A nurse at a health care facility provides information, assistance, and encouragement to
xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz
clients during the various phases of nursing care. In which activity does the nurse use
xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz
counseling skills?
xz xz
A. educating a group of young girls about AIDS xz xz xz xz xz xz xz
B. telling a client to localize the pain in his abdomen
xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz
C. encouraging a client to walk without support xz xz xz xz xz xz
,D. assisting a lactating mother in feeding her child xz xz xz xz xz xz xz
xz Answer: A xz
Rationale: The activity of educating a group of young girls about AIDS is based on the nurse
xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz
using counseling skills. Telling a client to localize his pain is an assessment skill.
xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz
Encouraging a client to walk without support can be both a comforting skill and a caring skill.
xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz
Assisting a lactating mother in feeding her baby is an example of a caring skill.
xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz
Question format: Multiple Choice xz xz xz
Chapter 1: Nursing Foundations
xz xz xz xz
Cognitive Level: Understand
xz xz xz
Client Needs Pn: Safe, Effective Care Environment: Coordinated Care
xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz
Client Needs: Safe, Effective Care Environment: Management of Care
xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz
Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance
xz xz xz xz xz xz
Client Needs Pn: Health Promotion and Maintenance
xz xz xz xz xz xz
Integrated Process: Teaching/Learning
xz xz xz
Reference: p. 15 xz xz
4. A nurse is conducting an interview of a 40-year-old client who is admitted with chest pain.
xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz
Which action by the nurse indicates active listening?
xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz
A. listening to the client silently xz xz xz xz
B. interrupting after each sentence xz xz xz
C. asking for clarifications and repetitions xz xz xz xz
D. talking about the nurse's own experience xz xz xz xz xz
xz Answer: C xz
Rationale: Active listening is an important component of counseling skills. It encourages the
xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz
client to open up and express their concerns. The nurse may ask the client to repeat and clarify
xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz
statements. Interrupting after every sentence may annoy the client. When the nurse listens to
xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz
the client silently, the client may feel that the nurse is not interested. On the other hand, if the
xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz
nurse talks about the nurse's own experience, the focus of the session shifts to the nurse rather
xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz
than to the client.
xz xz xz xz
Question format: Multiple Choice xz xz xz
Chapter 1: Nursing Foundations
xz xz xz xz
Cognitive Level: Apply
xz xz xz
Client Needs: Psychosocial Integrity
xz xz xz
Integrated Process: Caring
xz xz xz
Reference: p. 15
xz xz xz
5. A student wants to attend a nursing program that prepares its graduates for both staff and
xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz
managerial positions. Which type of nursing program should the nurse suggest for this
xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz
student?
xz
A. hospital-based diploma xz
B. baccalaureate nursing program xz xz
C. associate degree program xz xz
D. continuingnursing program xz xz
xz Answer: B xz
, Rationale: Baccalaureate-prepared nurses have the greatest potential for qualifying for nursing
xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz
positions at both staff and managerial levels. Hospital-based diploma programs are 3- year
xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz
courses and provide maximum exposure to clinical nursing. Students becoming nurses
xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz
through the associate degree program would not be expected to work in a management
xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz
position. Continuing nursing programs are on-the-job educational programs.
xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz
Question format: Multiple Choice xz xz xz
Chapter 1: Nursing Foundations
xz xz xz xz
Cognitive Level: Remember
xz xz xz
Client Needs Pn: Safe, Effective Care Environment: Coordinated Care
xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz
Client Needs: Safe, Effective Care Environment: Management of Care
xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz
Integrated Process: Teaching/Learning
xz xz xz
Reference: p. 11 xz xz
6. A client is brought to the emergency department with a head injury following an all-terrain
xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz
vehicle (ATV) accident. The nurse asks the family members to describe how the accident
xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz
occurred. The nurse is implementing which type of skill?
xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz
A. assessment skills xz
B. caring skills xz
C. counseling skills xz
D. comfortingskills xz
xz Answer: A xz
Rationale: The immediate requirement when a client is brought to the emergency department
xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz
with a head injury is to assess the injury and the system affected, as well as a description of how
xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz
the accident occurred. This requires implementation of assessment skills. Subsequently, the
xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz
nurse can implement caring skills, counseling skills, and comforting skills; however,
xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz
assessment should be the priority.
xz xz xz xz xz
Question format: Multiple Choice xz xz xz
Chapter 1: Nursing Foundations
xz xz xz xz
Cognitive Level: Understand
xz xz xz
Client Needs: Safe, Effective Care Environment: Management of Care Integrated
xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz
Process: Nursing Process
xz xz xz
Reference: p. 15 xz xz
7. Training schools for nurses were established in the United States after the Civil War. The
xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz
standards of U.S. schools deviated from those of the Nightingale paradigm. Which statement is
xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz
true about U.S. training schools?
xz xz xz xz xz
A. Training schools were affiliated with a few select hospitals. xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz
B. Training of nurses provided no financial advantages to the hospital. xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz
C. Training was formal, based on nursing care. xz xz xz xz xz xz
D. Training schools eliminated the need to pay employees. xz xz xz xz xz xz xz
Answer: D xz
Rationale: Training schools in the United States profited by eliminating the need to pay
xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz
employees because students worked without pay in return for training, which usually
xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz
consisted of chores. U.S. training schools were established by any hospital; there was no
xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz
formal training. Training was an outcome of work, which eliminated the need to pay
xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz
employees. Nightingale training schools were affiliated with a few select hospitals, training
xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz
xz xz xz xz
1.
A client reports to the emergency department with ankle pain due to a minor road accident. By
xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz
asking the client to describe the accident, which type of nursing skill is the nurse using?
xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz
A. assessment skills xz
B. comforting skills xz
C. counseling skills xz
D. caringskills xz
Answer: A
xz xz
,Rationale: By asking the client to describe the accident, the nurse is using assessment skills to
xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz
collect more information about the client's condition. The nurse is interviewing the client to
xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz
collect related data. The nurse is not using comforting skills, as the nurse is not providing any
xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz
emotional support. The counseling skills of the nurse are also not used, as no health education is
xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz
provided. Caring skills include assistance provided with the activities of daily living, which is
xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz
not applicable in this scenario.
xz xz xz xz xz
Question format: Multiple Choice xz xz xz
Chapter 1: Nursing Foundations
xz xz xz xz
Cognitive Level: Understand
xz xz xz
Client Needs: Safe, Effective Care Environment: Management of Care Integrated
xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz
Process: Nursing Process
xz xz xz
Reference: p. 15 xz xz
2. One of the nursing achievements in the Crimean War was that the death rate of soldiers
xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz
dropped from 60% to 1%. What is the most appropriate reason for the fall in the death rate?
xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz
A. increased motivation among the soldiers xz xz xz xz
B. decreased rate of infection and gangrene xz xz xz xz xz
C. increased funds courtesy of donations from families xz xz xz xz xz xz
D. college-based education and training of nurses xz xz xz xz xz
xz Answer: B xz
Rationale: During the Crimean War, the death rate of British soldiers was 60%, which dropped
xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz
to 1% due to the nursing care provided. The nurses improved the ventilation, nutritional, and
xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz
sanitary conditions of the soldiers, leading to decreased rates of infection and gangrene. As a
xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz
result, the death rate dropped. The families and the soldiers donated funds after the war, not
xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz
during the war, through which an organized education and training facility for nurses was
xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz
started.
xz
Question format: Multiple Choice xz xz xz
Chapter 1: Nursing Foundations
xz xz xz xz
Cognitive Level: Remember
xz xz xz
Client Needs: Safe, Effective Care Environment: Safety and Infection Control
xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz
Integrated Process: Nursing Process
xz xz xz xz
Reference: p. 3 xz xz
3. A nurse at a health care facility provides information, assistance, and encouragement to
xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz
clients during the various phases of nursing care. In which activity does the nurse use
xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz
counseling skills?
xz xz
A. educating a group of young girls about AIDS xz xz xz xz xz xz xz
B. telling a client to localize the pain in his abdomen
xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz
C. encouraging a client to walk without support xz xz xz xz xz xz
,D. assisting a lactating mother in feeding her child xz xz xz xz xz xz xz
xz Answer: A xz
Rationale: The activity of educating a group of young girls about AIDS is based on the nurse
xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz
using counseling skills. Telling a client to localize his pain is an assessment skill.
xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz
Encouraging a client to walk without support can be both a comforting skill and a caring skill.
xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz
Assisting a lactating mother in feeding her baby is an example of a caring skill.
xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz
Question format: Multiple Choice xz xz xz
Chapter 1: Nursing Foundations
xz xz xz xz
Cognitive Level: Understand
xz xz xz
Client Needs Pn: Safe, Effective Care Environment: Coordinated Care
xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz
Client Needs: Safe, Effective Care Environment: Management of Care
xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz
Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance
xz xz xz xz xz xz
Client Needs Pn: Health Promotion and Maintenance
xz xz xz xz xz xz
Integrated Process: Teaching/Learning
xz xz xz
Reference: p. 15 xz xz
4. A nurse is conducting an interview of a 40-year-old client who is admitted with chest pain.
xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz
Which action by the nurse indicates active listening?
xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz
A. listening to the client silently xz xz xz xz
B. interrupting after each sentence xz xz xz
C. asking for clarifications and repetitions xz xz xz xz
D. talking about the nurse's own experience xz xz xz xz xz
xz Answer: C xz
Rationale: Active listening is an important component of counseling skills. It encourages the
xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz
client to open up and express their concerns. The nurse may ask the client to repeat and clarify
xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz
statements. Interrupting after every sentence may annoy the client. When the nurse listens to
xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz
the client silently, the client may feel that the nurse is not interested. On the other hand, if the
xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz
nurse talks about the nurse's own experience, the focus of the session shifts to the nurse rather
xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz
than to the client.
xz xz xz xz
Question format: Multiple Choice xz xz xz
Chapter 1: Nursing Foundations
xz xz xz xz
Cognitive Level: Apply
xz xz xz
Client Needs: Psychosocial Integrity
xz xz xz
Integrated Process: Caring
xz xz xz
Reference: p. 15
xz xz xz
5. A student wants to attend a nursing program that prepares its graduates for both staff and
xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz
managerial positions. Which type of nursing program should the nurse suggest for this
xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz
student?
xz
A. hospital-based diploma xz
B. baccalaureate nursing program xz xz
C. associate degree program xz xz
D. continuingnursing program xz xz
xz Answer: B xz
, Rationale: Baccalaureate-prepared nurses have the greatest potential for qualifying for nursing
xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz
positions at both staff and managerial levels. Hospital-based diploma programs are 3- year
xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz
courses and provide maximum exposure to clinical nursing. Students becoming nurses
xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz
through the associate degree program would not be expected to work in a management
xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz
position. Continuing nursing programs are on-the-job educational programs.
xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz
Question format: Multiple Choice xz xz xz
Chapter 1: Nursing Foundations
xz xz xz xz
Cognitive Level: Remember
xz xz xz
Client Needs Pn: Safe, Effective Care Environment: Coordinated Care
xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz
Client Needs: Safe, Effective Care Environment: Management of Care
xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz
Integrated Process: Teaching/Learning
xz xz xz
Reference: p. 11 xz xz
6. A client is brought to the emergency department with a head injury following an all-terrain
xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz
vehicle (ATV) accident. The nurse asks the family members to describe how the accident
xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz
occurred. The nurse is implementing which type of skill?
xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz
A. assessment skills xz
B. caring skills xz
C. counseling skills xz
D. comfortingskills xz
xz Answer: A xz
Rationale: The immediate requirement when a client is brought to the emergency department
xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz
with a head injury is to assess the injury and the system affected, as well as a description of how
xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz
the accident occurred. This requires implementation of assessment skills. Subsequently, the
xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz
nurse can implement caring skills, counseling skills, and comforting skills; however,
xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz
assessment should be the priority.
xz xz xz xz xz
Question format: Multiple Choice xz xz xz
Chapter 1: Nursing Foundations
xz xz xz xz
Cognitive Level: Understand
xz xz xz
Client Needs: Safe, Effective Care Environment: Management of Care Integrated
xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz
Process: Nursing Process
xz xz xz
Reference: p. 15 xz xz
7. Training schools for nurses were established in the United States after the Civil War. The
xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz
standards of U.S. schools deviated from those of the Nightingale paradigm. Which statement is
xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz
true about U.S. training schools?
xz xz xz xz xz
A. Training schools were affiliated with a few select hospitals. xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz
B. Training of nurses provided no financial advantages to the hospital. xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz
C. Training was formal, based on nursing care. xz xz xz xz xz xz
D. Training schools eliminated the need to pay employees. xz xz xz xz xz xz xz
Answer: D xz
Rationale: Training schools in the United States profited by eliminating the need to pay
xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz
employees because students worked without pay in return for training, which usually
xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz
consisted of chores. U.S. training schools were established by any hospital; there was no
xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz
formal training. Training was an outcome of work, which eliminated the need to pay
xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz
employees. Nightingale training schools were affiliated with a few select hospitals, training
xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz xz
