NR 511 FINAL EXAM WEEK 8 STUDY GUIDE
2019/2020 COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS ALREADY GRADED A+ VERIFIED
◉ Visceral pain. Answer: caused by distention or spasm of a hollow
viscus and is usually generalized and dull
◉ parietal pain. Answer: described as sharp and well localized, is caused
by irritation of the peritoneum
◉ colicky. Answer: it comes and goes, may result from gallstones or
renal stones
◉ Burning pain. Answer: caused by irritation of the gastric mucosa by
gastric contents, is associated with peptic ulcers and esophagitis
◉ ribbon-like stools. Answer: often indicate a motility disorder but can
also be caused by an organic narrowing of the distal or sigmoid colon
◉ progressive decrease in the diameter of the stools. Answer: this
suggests an organic lesion
◉ steatorrhea. Answer: fatty stools
,◉ greenish-yellow stools. Answer: associated with the constipation, the
clinician should look for a small bowel or pancreatic lesion
◉ Diarrhea. Answer: generally defined as an increase in the frequency,
volume, or fluid content of bowel movements over what is normal for
the individual
◉ Fiber recommended amount for women. Answer: 25 g daily to
achieve optimal bowel health
◉ Fiber recommended amount for men. Answer: 35 g daily to achieve
optimal bowel health
◉ Secondary constipation. Answer: often is a result of medications such
as opioids, analgesics, calcium channel blockers, antidepressants,
antiparkinsonian drugs, cough medicine, and aluminum antacids
◉ dietary fiber. Answer: slowly increase the amount to 25 to 35 g per
day, with at least 12 to 15 g at breakfast
◉ hydration. Answer: patients should be encouraged to drink at least 64
ounces of fluids daily
,◉ long-term use agents for constipation. Answer: bulking agents
◉ Barium swallow. Answer: Work-up of heart burn
◉ EGD. Answer: Work-up of heart burn
◉ Assessment. Answer: Assessment techniques for abdominal
assessment
◉ appendicitis. Answer: Assessment, diagnosis and management of
◉ gastroenteritis. Answer: inflammation of the stomach and intestine
that manifests as anorexia, nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea
◉ Chronic causes of gastroenteritis. Answer: food allergies and
intolerance, stress, and lactase deficiency
◉ Mode of transmission for acute infectious gastroenteritis. Answer:
Fecal-oral route from contaminated food or water
◉ Bacterial pathogens in acute gastroenteritis. Answer: Account for 30%
to 80% of cases
, ◉ Normal flora of the GI tract. Answer: Help prevent overgrowth of
pathogens
◉ Symptoms of acute gastroenteritis. Answer: Nausea, vomiting,
diarrhea, fever, and abdominal pain and cramping; fatigue, malaise,
anorexia, tenesmus, and borborygmus
◉ Voluminous stools. Answer: Suggestive of a source in the small bowel
or proximal colon
◉ Small stools accompanied by a sense of urgency. Answer: Suggest a
source in the left colon or rectum
◉ Bloody stools. Answer: Suggest mucosal damage and an
inflammatory process secondary to invasive pathogens
◉ Acute diarrhea cause. Answer: Usually caused by infectious agents or
toxins
◉ Chronic diarrhea cause. Answer: Usually has a noninfectious etiology
◉ Stool examination for ova and parasites. Answer: Cases of persistent
diarrhea, especially if the symptoms began after travel to Russia, Nepal,
the Rocky Mountains, or other mountainous regions, or after exposure to
infants in a day-care center
2019/2020 COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS ALREADY GRADED A+ VERIFIED
◉ Visceral pain. Answer: caused by distention or spasm of a hollow
viscus and is usually generalized and dull
◉ parietal pain. Answer: described as sharp and well localized, is caused
by irritation of the peritoneum
◉ colicky. Answer: it comes and goes, may result from gallstones or
renal stones
◉ Burning pain. Answer: caused by irritation of the gastric mucosa by
gastric contents, is associated with peptic ulcers and esophagitis
◉ ribbon-like stools. Answer: often indicate a motility disorder but can
also be caused by an organic narrowing of the distal or sigmoid colon
◉ progressive decrease in the diameter of the stools. Answer: this
suggests an organic lesion
◉ steatorrhea. Answer: fatty stools
,◉ greenish-yellow stools. Answer: associated with the constipation, the
clinician should look for a small bowel or pancreatic lesion
◉ Diarrhea. Answer: generally defined as an increase in the frequency,
volume, or fluid content of bowel movements over what is normal for
the individual
◉ Fiber recommended amount for women. Answer: 25 g daily to
achieve optimal bowel health
◉ Fiber recommended amount for men. Answer: 35 g daily to achieve
optimal bowel health
◉ Secondary constipation. Answer: often is a result of medications such
as opioids, analgesics, calcium channel blockers, antidepressants,
antiparkinsonian drugs, cough medicine, and aluminum antacids
◉ dietary fiber. Answer: slowly increase the amount to 25 to 35 g per
day, with at least 12 to 15 g at breakfast
◉ hydration. Answer: patients should be encouraged to drink at least 64
ounces of fluids daily
,◉ long-term use agents for constipation. Answer: bulking agents
◉ Barium swallow. Answer: Work-up of heart burn
◉ EGD. Answer: Work-up of heart burn
◉ Assessment. Answer: Assessment techniques for abdominal
assessment
◉ appendicitis. Answer: Assessment, diagnosis and management of
◉ gastroenteritis. Answer: inflammation of the stomach and intestine
that manifests as anorexia, nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea
◉ Chronic causes of gastroenteritis. Answer: food allergies and
intolerance, stress, and lactase deficiency
◉ Mode of transmission for acute infectious gastroenteritis. Answer:
Fecal-oral route from contaminated food or water
◉ Bacterial pathogens in acute gastroenteritis. Answer: Account for 30%
to 80% of cases
, ◉ Normal flora of the GI tract. Answer: Help prevent overgrowth of
pathogens
◉ Symptoms of acute gastroenteritis. Answer: Nausea, vomiting,
diarrhea, fever, and abdominal pain and cramping; fatigue, malaise,
anorexia, tenesmus, and borborygmus
◉ Voluminous stools. Answer: Suggestive of a source in the small bowel
or proximal colon
◉ Small stools accompanied by a sense of urgency. Answer: Suggest a
source in the left colon or rectum
◉ Bloody stools. Answer: Suggest mucosal damage and an
inflammatory process secondary to invasive pathogens
◉ Acute diarrhea cause. Answer: Usually caused by infectious agents or
toxins
◉ Chronic diarrhea cause. Answer: Usually has a noninfectious etiology
◉ Stool examination for ova and parasites. Answer: Cases of persistent
diarrhea, especially if the symptoms began after travel to Russia, Nepal,
the Rocky Mountains, or other mountainous regions, or after exposure to
infants in a day-care center
