MCAT Biology Review — Discrete Practice Questions | High-Yield Exam Preparation Material

MCAT Biology Review Discrete Practice Questions
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1. D. obligate anaerobic bacteria.: 1.1 Hyperbaric oxygen may be used as a treatment for certain types
of bacterial infections. In this therapy, the patient is placed in a chamber in which the partial pressure of oxygen is
significantly increased, increasing the partial pressure of oxygen in the patient's tissues. This treatment is most likely
used for infections with:

A. obligate aerobic bacteria.

B. facultative anaerobic bacteria.

C. aerotolerent anaerobic bacteria.

D. obligate anaerobic bacteria.
2. A. They account for most cells in muscles, bones, and tendons.: 1.2 Which of the
following does NOT describe connective tissue cells?

A. They account for most cells in muscles, bones, and tendons.

B. They secrete substances to form the extracellular matrix.

C. In organs, they tend to form the stroma.

D. In organs, they provide support for epithelial cells.
3. D. I, II, and III: 1.3 Which of the following types of nucleic acid could form the genome of a virus?

I. Single-stranded RNA

II. Double-stranded DNA

III. Single-stranded DNA

A. I only

B. II only




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C. I and II only

D. I, II, and III
4. B. Modification and distribution of proteins: 1.4 Which of the following activities occurs in the
Golgi apparatus?

A. Synthesis of proteins

B. Modification and distribution of proteins

C. Breakdown of lipids and carbohydrates

D. Production of ATP
5. C. I and II only: 1.5 Mitochondrial DNA is:

I. circular

II. self-replicating

III. single-stranded

A. I only

B. II only

C. I and II only

D. I, II, and III
6. C. Protein synthesis: 1.6 Which of the following is NOT a function of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum?

A. Lipid synthesis

B. Poison detoxification




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C. Protein synthesis

D. Transport of proteins
7. A. Ribosomal RNA synthesis: 1.7 What is the main function of the nucleolus?

A. Ribosomal RNA synthesis

B. DNA replication

C. Cell division

D. Chromosome assembly
8. A. Lysosomes: 1.8 Which of the following organelles is surrounded by a single membrane?

A. Lysosomes

B. Mitochondria

C. Nuclei

D. Ribosomes
9. C. Presence of a membrane on the outside surface of the cell: 1.9 Which of the
following is NOT a difference that would allow one to distinguish a prokaryotic and a eukaryotic cell?

A. Ribosomal subunit weight

B. Presence of a nucelus

C. Presence of a membrane on the outside surface of the cell

D. Presence of membrane-bound organelles
10. C. Microfilaments: 1.10 Which of the following does NOT contain tubulin?

A. Cilia



, MCAT Biology Review Discrete Practice Questions
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B. Flagella

C. Microfilaments

D. Centrioles
11. C. Herpes simplex virus adds its genetic information to the genetic informa-
tion of the cell.: 1.11 Herpes simplex virus (HSV) enters the human body and remains dormant in the nervous
system until it produces an outbreak after exposure to heat, radiation, or other stimuli. Which of the following statements
correctly describes HSV?

A. While it remains dormant in the nervous system, the virus is in its lytic cycle.

B. During an outbreak, the virus is in the lysogenic cycle.

C. Herpes simplex virus adds its genetic information to the genetic information of the cell.

D. The herpes simplex virus contains a tail sheath and tail fibers.
12. C. II and III only: 1.12 Resistance to antibiotics is a well-recognized medical problem. Which mechanism(s)
can account for a bacterium's ability to increase its genetic variability and thus adapt itself to resist different antibiotics?

I. Binary fission

II. Conjugation

III. Transduction

A. I and II only

B. I and III only

C. II and III only

D. I, II, and III