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Laura - Family Nursing Exam 3
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20% blood loss
Mild Shock
Symptoms: diaphoresis, increased cap refill, cool extremities, maternal anxiety
20-40% blood loss
Moderate Shock
Symptoms: Tachycardia, postural hypotension, oliguria
>40% blood loss
Severe Shock
Symptoms: Hypotension, agitation/confusion, hemodynamic instability
fertilized ovum implants in the uterus
journey along the fallopian tube is arrested or altered
Pathophysiology of Ectopic Pregnancy
ovum implants outside the uterus
most common site for implantation is fallopian tubes
The WHO classification includes:
Gestational Trophoblastic Disease
- disorders of placental development (hydatidiform mole)
Definition
- neoplasms of the trophoblast (choriocarcinoma)
- immediate evacuation of the uterine contents
- long-term follow-up to detect remaining tissue that might become malignant
- D&C (dilate to scrape) is used to empty the uterus
- hCG are used to detect residual trophoblastic tissue for 1 year. If any tissue
remains, hCG levels will not regress.
Gestational Trophoblastic Disease
Therapeutic Management The follow-up protocol may include:
- Baseline hCG level, chest radiograph, and pelvic ultrasound
- Systemic assessments for symptoms indicative of lung, brain, liver, or vaginal
metastasis
- Avoid pregnancy for 1 year because the pregnancy can interfere with the
monitoring of hCG levels
Laura - Family Nursing Exam 3 Laura - Family Nursing Exam 3 ?? Verified questions & answers with solution
, Laura - Family Nursing Exam 3 ?? Verified questions
Laura
& answers
- Familywith
Nursing
solution.
ExamPage
3.pdf
2 of 11 ?? Verified questions & answers with solution
Clinical manifestations of GTD are similar to those of spontaneous abortion at
about 12 weeks of pregnancy.
- Report of early signs of pregnancy,
Inability to detect a fetal heart rate after 10 to 12 weeks' gestation
Fetal parts not evident with palpation
Bilateral ovarian enlargement caused by cysts and elevated levels of hCG
Persistent, often severe nausea and vomiting (due to high hCG levels)
Gestational Trophoblastic Disease
Fluid retention and swelling
Nursing Assessment
Uterine size larger than expected for pregnancy dates
Extremely high hCG levels present; no single value considered diagnostic
Early development of preeclampsia (usually not present until after 24 weeks)
Absence of fetal heart rate or fetal activity
Expulsion of grape-like vesicles (possible in some women)
The diagnosis is made by high hCG levels and the characteristic appearance of
the vesicular molar pattern in the uterus via transvaginal ultrasound.
Ask last menstrual period
2 Questions to ask for ectopic pregnancy
Did you know you were pregnant/gestational age?
Abdominal Pain
Ectopic Pregnancy 3 Symptoms Bleeding
Hemorrhage
It is not a baby; it is an incomplete pregnancy. Tissues with no fetus
Gestational Trophoblastic Disease What Do not carry to term, induce for immediate evacuation
to monitor and How long to carry
Monitor hCG for next year (metastasis), do not get pregnant for next year
Want hCG to go down
What is cervical insufficiency Thinning and dilation of cervix before it should be. Cervical changes without labor
Bed rest, Trendelenburg
What to do for patient with cervical
Cerclage, surgical closure of cervix
insufficiency
Give progesterone
Cannot have vaginal delivery
What to know about placenta previa Mom and baby vitals
(what is mom at risk for? how to deliver? Mom at risk for hemorrhage, monitor for bleeding
what exams cannot be done) Nothing in Vagina, no vaginal exam or intercourse (no orgasm causes uterus to
contract)
Placenta tears away from uterine wall
What happens in abruptio placenta? Can
pregnancy be completed?
Cannot maintain pregnancy if it is a complete abruption, partial can monitor
Monitor for blood loss, contractions
What to monitor for and have with
Need 2 IV lines (saline/meds and blood)
abruptio placenta
Blood ready
Most common hypertensive disorder of pregnancy, which develops with
proteinuria after 20 weeks' gestation; a multisystem disease process, which is
accompanied by at least one of the following: proteinuria, elevated creatinine,
Preeclampsia/HELLP
liver involvement, epigastric or abdominal pain, neurologic complications,
hematologic complications, and uteroplacental dysfunction; eclampsia occurs
when seizure activity develops
Liver enzymes
platelets
What 4 things are given for HELLP
Magnesium
Fluids
Reflexes, vision changes, headaches in preeclampsia
Main differences between gestational
hypertension and preeclampsia
Preeclampsia has protein in urine
Laura - Family Nursing Exam 3 Laura - Family Nursing Exam 3 ?? Verified questions & answers with solution