Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine
(Vol.1 & Vol.2)
22nd Edition
• Author(s)Joseph Loscalzo; Anthony S.
Fauci; Dennis L. Kasper; Stephen Hauser;
Dan Longo; J. Larry Jameson
Test Bank
Covered
PART 1: Foundations of Clinical Medicine
PART 2: Cardinal Symptoms & Clinical Presentations
PART 3: Clinical Pharmacology
PART 4: Oncology & Hematology
PART 5: Infectious Diseases
PART 6: Cardiovascular Disorders
PART 7: Respiratory Disorders
PART 8: Critical Care Medicine
PART 9: Kidney & Urinary Tract Disorders
PART 10: Gastrointestinal & Hepatobiliary Disorders
,PART 11: Immune-Mediated & Rheumatologic Disorders
PART 12: Endocrinology & Metabolism
PART 13: Neurologic & Psychiatric Disorders
PART 14: Toxicology & Environmental Injury
PART 15: Environmental & Occupational Medicine
PART 16: Genetics, Precision & Systems Medicine
PART 17–20: Special & Emerging Topics
A 65-year-old patient hospitalized for community-acquired
pneumonia asks why the physician combines clinical judgment
with evidence-based tests. Which statement best reflects the
central principle of the practice of medicine?
A. Tests alone should determine treatment.
B. Clinical judgment integrates patient values, exam findings,
and test results to guide care.
C. Guidelines always override patient preferences.
D. Diagnostic testing should be avoided when clinical
assessment is clear.
Answer: B
Rationale: Core practice integrates history, exam, patient
values, and targeted testing; nursing advocacy includes ensuring
patient values are considered.
Citation: Harrison’s Principles of Internal Medicine, 22nd ed. —
The Practice of Medicine.
A nurse educating a patient about lifestyle risk reduction
emphasizes which most effective population-level intervention
,for promoting good health?
A. One-on-one counseling only
B. Policy and environmental changes that enable healthy
choices
C. Annual physician checkups alone
D. Mass media campaigns without system supports
Answer: B
Rationale: Promoting good health at scale requires system- and
policy-level interventions that make healthy choices accessible
— nurses play a role in individual counseling and policy
advocacy.
Citation: Harrison’s Principles of Internal Medicine, 22nd ed. —
Promoting Good Health.
When counseling a vaccine-hesitant parent, what is the most
effective nursing communication strategy to reduce refusal?
A. Confront the parent about misinformation.
B. Use presumptive recommendation combined with
empathetic listening.
C. Provide long lists of rare adverse events.
D. Avoid discussing risks to prevent alarm.
Answer: B
Rationale: A presumptive provider recommendation plus
empathy and addressing concerns reduces hesitancy; nurses
should elicit concerns and provide clear, concise information.
Citation: Harrison’s Principles of Internal Medicine, 22nd ed. —
Vaccine Opposition and Hesitancy.
, A patient refuses influenza vaccination citing safety concerns.
The nurse’s best immediate action is to:
A. Respectfully explore the patient’s concerns and provide
targeted information.
B. Insist the vaccine be given now.
C. Document refusal and stop discussion.
D. Tell the patient their choice is medically unacceptable.
Answer: A
Rationale: Respectful exploration allows correction of
misconceptions and supports informed decision-making;
coercion or dismissal harms trust.
Citation: Harrison’s Principles of Internal Medicine, 22nd ed. —
Vaccine Opposition and Hesitancy.
A clinician is choosing between two reasonable treatment
options for a frail older adult. Which approach reflects high-
quality decision-making in clinical medicine?
A. Apply the option with strongest population-level evidence
regardless of patient context.
B. Integrate evidence, patient goals, comorbidities, and likely
benefit–harm balance.
C. Avoid shared decision-making in complex cases.
D. Defer all decisions to specialty consultants.
Answer: B
Rationale: Good decisions integrate evidence with individual
patient context and goals; nurses support eliciting goals and
communicating tradeoffs.
(Vol.1 & Vol.2)
22nd Edition
• Author(s)Joseph Loscalzo; Anthony S.
Fauci; Dennis L. Kasper; Stephen Hauser;
Dan Longo; J. Larry Jameson
Test Bank
Covered
PART 1: Foundations of Clinical Medicine
PART 2: Cardinal Symptoms & Clinical Presentations
PART 3: Clinical Pharmacology
PART 4: Oncology & Hematology
PART 5: Infectious Diseases
PART 6: Cardiovascular Disorders
PART 7: Respiratory Disorders
PART 8: Critical Care Medicine
PART 9: Kidney & Urinary Tract Disorders
PART 10: Gastrointestinal & Hepatobiliary Disorders
,PART 11: Immune-Mediated & Rheumatologic Disorders
PART 12: Endocrinology & Metabolism
PART 13: Neurologic & Psychiatric Disorders
PART 14: Toxicology & Environmental Injury
PART 15: Environmental & Occupational Medicine
PART 16: Genetics, Precision & Systems Medicine
PART 17–20: Special & Emerging Topics
A 65-year-old patient hospitalized for community-acquired
pneumonia asks why the physician combines clinical judgment
with evidence-based tests. Which statement best reflects the
central principle of the practice of medicine?
A. Tests alone should determine treatment.
B. Clinical judgment integrates patient values, exam findings,
and test results to guide care.
C. Guidelines always override patient preferences.
D. Diagnostic testing should be avoided when clinical
assessment is clear.
Answer: B
Rationale: Core practice integrates history, exam, patient
values, and targeted testing; nursing advocacy includes ensuring
patient values are considered.
Citation: Harrison’s Principles of Internal Medicine, 22nd ed. —
The Practice of Medicine.
A nurse educating a patient about lifestyle risk reduction
emphasizes which most effective population-level intervention
,for promoting good health?
A. One-on-one counseling only
B. Policy and environmental changes that enable healthy
choices
C. Annual physician checkups alone
D. Mass media campaigns without system supports
Answer: B
Rationale: Promoting good health at scale requires system- and
policy-level interventions that make healthy choices accessible
— nurses play a role in individual counseling and policy
advocacy.
Citation: Harrison’s Principles of Internal Medicine, 22nd ed. —
Promoting Good Health.
When counseling a vaccine-hesitant parent, what is the most
effective nursing communication strategy to reduce refusal?
A. Confront the parent about misinformation.
B. Use presumptive recommendation combined with
empathetic listening.
C. Provide long lists of rare adverse events.
D. Avoid discussing risks to prevent alarm.
Answer: B
Rationale: A presumptive provider recommendation plus
empathy and addressing concerns reduces hesitancy; nurses
should elicit concerns and provide clear, concise information.
Citation: Harrison’s Principles of Internal Medicine, 22nd ed. —
Vaccine Opposition and Hesitancy.
, A patient refuses influenza vaccination citing safety concerns.
The nurse’s best immediate action is to:
A. Respectfully explore the patient’s concerns and provide
targeted information.
B. Insist the vaccine be given now.
C. Document refusal and stop discussion.
D. Tell the patient their choice is medically unacceptable.
Answer: A
Rationale: Respectful exploration allows correction of
misconceptions and supports informed decision-making;
coercion or dismissal harms trust.
Citation: Harrison’s Principles of Internal Medicine, 22nd ed. —
Vaccine Opposition and Hesitancy.
A clinician is choosing between two reasonable treatment
options for a frail older adult. Which approach reflects high-
quality decision-making in clinical medicine?
A. Apply the option with strongest population-level evidence
regardless of patient context.
B. Integrate evidence, patient goals, comorbidities, and likely
benefit–harm balance.
C. Avoid shared decision-making in complex cases.
D. Defer all decisions to specialty consultants.
Answer: B
Rationale: Good decisions integrate evidence with individual
patient context and goals; nurses support eliciting goals and
communicating tradeoffs.
