BKAT STUDY GUIDE EXAM SCRIPT 2026 FULL
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS
GRADED A+
◉ Inferior leads Answer: II, III, aVF. RCA occlusion.
◉ Septal leads Answer: V1 & V2.
◉ Anterior leads Answer: V1 - V4. LAD lesion.
◉ Lateral leads Answer: V5, V6, I, and aVL. Circumflex lesion.
◉ Cardiac enzymes Answer: Troponins, CK-MB, and CK
◉ Changes in CK Answer: Rise: 3-6 hours
Peak: 24 hours
Normal: 3-4 days
◉ Changes in CK-MB Answer: Released after myocardial necrosis.
Specific for myocardial damage.
Rise: 3-12 hours
,Peak: 24 hours
Normal: 2-3 days
◉ Troponin I Answer: Protein found in cardiac muscle. High
sensitivity.
Rise: 3-12 hours
Peak: 24 hours
Normal: 5-10 days
◉ Troponin T Answer: Protein found in cardiac muscle. High
sensitivity.
Rise: 3-12 hours
Peak: 12-48 hours
Normal: 5-14 days
◉ Common conditions that cause a murmur Answer: Aortic
dissection, aortic regurgitation (both acute & chronic), mitral valve
regurgitation (both acute & chronic), mitral valve stenosis
◉ Drugs to decrease afterload/SVR/PVR Answer: (Arterial Dilators)
Nitroprusside, nitroglycerin, amrinone, alpha (Regitine) & Ca
channel blockers
, ◉ Drugs to increased afterload/SVR/PVR Answer: (Vasopressors)
Epinepherine, norepinepherine, dopamine, neosynephrine
◉ Drugs to decrease contractility/SVI Answer: Beta blockers
(atenolol, metoprolol, propranolol, labetolol, esmolol) and Ca
channel blockers
◉ Drugs to increase contractility/SVI Answer: Positive inotropes,
dobutamine, dopamine, milrinone, and digoxin
◉ Drugs to decrease preload/CVP/PAWP Answer: Venous Dilators -
Nitroglycerin, nitroprusside, amrinone, alpha & Ca channel blockers
Diuretics - Furosemide, bumex, mannitol
◉ Drugs to increase preload/CVP/PAWP Answer: Volume - Colloid,
crystalloids, blood, hetastarch
Dysrhythmia control - antirhythmics, pacemaker, AICD
◉ Complications when using thrombolytics Answer: Allergic
reaction, bleeding/hemorrhage, stroke
◉ Failure to capture Answer: Pacer delivers a stimulus at the
appropriate time but no depolarization occurs. No P or QRS wave
after pacer spike.
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS
GRADED A+
◉ Inferior leads Answer: II, III, aVF. RCA occlusion.
◉ Septal leads Answer: V1 & V2.
◉ Anterior leads Answer: V1 - V4. LAD lesion.
◉ Lateral leads Answer: V5, V6, I, and aVL. Circumflex lesion.
◉ Cardiac enzymes Answer: Troponins, CK-MB, and CK
◉ Changes in CK Answer: Rise: 3-6 hours
Peak: 24 hours
Normal: 3-4 days
◉ Changes in CK-MB Answer: Released after myocardial necrosis.
Specific for myocardial damage.
Rise: 3-12 hours
,Peak: 24 hours
Normal: 2-3 days
◉ Troponin I Answer: Protein found in cardiac muscle. High
sensitivity.
Rise: 3-12 hours
Peak: 24 hours
Normal: 5-10 days
◉ Troponin T Answer: Protein found in cardiac muscle. High
sensitivity.
Rise: 3-12 hours
Peak: 12-48 hours
Normal: 5-14 days
◉ Common conditions that cause a murmur Answer: Aortic
dissection, aortic regurgitation (both acute & chronic), mitral valve
regurgitation (both acute & chronic), mitral valve stenosis
◉ Drugs to decrease afterload/SVR/PVR Answer: (Arterial Dilators)
Nitroprusside, nitroglycerin, amrinone, alpha (Regitine) & Ca
channel blockers
, ◉ Drugs to increased afterload/SVR/PVR Answer: (Vasopressors)
Epinepherine, norepinepherine, dopamine, neosynephrine
◉ Drugs to decrease contractility/SVI Answer: Beta blockers
(atenolol, metoprolol, propranolol, labetolol, esmolol) and Ca
channel blockers
◉ Drugs to increase contractility/SVI Answer: Positive inotropes,
dobutamine, dopamine, milrinone, and digoxin
◉ Drugs to decrease preload/CVP/PAWP Answer: Venous Dilators -
Nitroglycerin, nitroprusside, amrinone, alpha & Ca channel blockers
Diuretics - Furosemide, bumex, mannitol
◉ Drugs to increase preload/CVP/PAWP Answer: Volume - Colloid,
crystalloids, blood, hetastarch
Dysrhythmia control - antirhythmics, pacemaker, AICD
◉ Complications when using thrombolytics Answer: Allergic
reaction, bleeding/hemorrhage, stroke
◉ Failure to capture Answer: Pacer delivers a stimulus at the
appropriate time but no depolarization occurs. No P or QRS wave
after pacer spike.
