BIO 230 Exam #1 (2026) – 100% Correct Q&A on DNA, RNA, Mutations, Cell Theory, Genetics | SFSU | San Francisco State University

This document provides a complete and high-scoring set of Exam #1 questions and answers for BIO 230 – Introductory Biology at San Francisco State University (SFSU), based on the 2026 curriculum. With nearly 90+ questions labeled and verified as 100% correct, this resource covers the essential foundations of molecular and cellular biology, genetics, and biological macromolecules. Key topics include: DNA, RNA, and genome structure Genetic coding, transcription, translation, and codons Types of mutations (point, silent, nonsense, frameshift, gain/loss of function) and their effects Central Dogma of Molecular Biology Differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells Prions, viruses, and their biological classification Cell theory, organelles, membranes, and macromolecule functions (proteins, lipids, carbohydrates, nucleic acids) Important scientists and discoveries (e.g., Rosalind Franklin, Watson & Crick, Chargaff, Lynn Margulis) Key experimental concepts, including size and scale comparisons, and DNA structural analysis Regulatory elements in gene expression: enhancers, promoters, transcription factors Applied topics like Mad Cow disease, sickle cell anemia, and genetic inheritance The content is formatted in direct Q&A style with biologically accurate, clearly worded answers—excellent for review, self-quizzing, or exam prep. Who this is for: BIO 230 students at SFSU or equivalent introductory biology courses Pre-med, nursing, biotech, or life science undergraduates AP Biology students looking for college-level resources Students needing foundational biology knowledge on molecular genetics and cell biology This is a top-tier academic aid for concept mastery, supported by historical and scientific context, ideal for first exams or catch-up study sessions. Keywords: BIO 230 exam, DNA structure, RNA transcription, genetic code, mutations, frameshift mutation, silent mutation, prions, cell theory, central dogma, prokaryotes vs eukaryotes, sickle cell anemia, Mad Cow disease, transcription factors, gene expression, Rosalind Franklin, Chargaff’s Rule, macromolecules, enhancer, promoter, San Francisco State University