Bio 230 Exam #1 (2026) – 85+ Verified Q&A on DNA, Cells, Genetics, Mutation, Cancer | SFSU | San Francisco State University

This document contains over 85 expertly graded questions and answers for Exam #1 of BIO 230 – Introductory Biology at San Francisco State University (SFSU), created for the 2026 academic year. The material aligns closely with foundational biology topics taught in entry-level undergraduate courses and emphasizes key concepts in cell biology, molecular biology, and genetics. Topics covered include: Characteristics and classification of living organisms Prokaryotic vs. eukaryotic cell structure and endosymbiotic theory Macromolecules and bonding (lipids, proteins, carbohydrates, nucleic acids) DNA and RNA structure, replication, transcription, and translation Genetic coding: codons, mutations (point, frameshift, silent), and their effects on phenotype Genetic technologies (transgenic organisms, gene expression, HeLa cells) Cancer biology including oncogenes, tumor suppressor genes (e.g., p53), telomerase function, and mutation causes Each question is answered clearly with precise biological terminology, suitable for exam prep, tutoring, or concept reinforcement. Who this is for: This document is ideal for: SFSU BIO 230 students or those enrolled in similar introductory biology courses Pre-med, nursing, biotechnology, or life science majors High school AP Biology students looking for college-level review material Anyone needing a strong grasp of DNA biology, gene expression, and foundational cell processes The format is concise and Q&A-focused, making it an excellent self-study tool for midterms or concept clarification in core biology education. Keywords: biology exam, cell biology, DNA structure, RNA transcription, gene expression, mutation types, cancer biology, molecular genetics, codons, HeLa cells, p53 gene, prokaryotes vs eukaryotes, endosymbiotic theory, genetic code, macromolecules, SFSU biology