WGU D115 PATHO UNIT 5
HEMATOLOGIC SYSTEM EXAM
QUESTIONS & VALID CORRECT
ANSWERS ALL PASSED
Processes of platelet activation - CORRECT ANSWER Adhesion, activation,
aggregation
function of platelets - CORRECT ANSWER blood clotting
Function of Erythrocytes (RBCs) - CORRECT ANSWER Transport gases (O2 and
CO2)
Transport electrolytes
Regulate diffusion across cell membrane
function of leukocytes (WBC) - CORRECT ANSWER defense and immunity
Types of Leukocytes (WBCs) - CORRECT ANSWER Granulocytes:
-Neutrophils
-Basophils
-Eosinophils
Agranulocytes:
-Monocytes
-Macrophages
-Lymphocytes
-Natural Killer Cells (NKCs)
Anemia - CORRECT ANSWER Decrease in total number of erythrocytes in circulation
blood or quality or quantity of hemoglobin
Classifications of anemia - CORRECT ANSWER microcytic, normocytic, macrocytic
microcytic hypochromic anemia - CORRECT ANSWER Disorders of hemoglobin
synthesis, iron deficiency
macrocytic anemia - CORRECT ANSWER Abnormal maturation of erythrocyte
precursors on bone marrow, usually due to deficiency in B12 and/or folate which affects
DNA synthesis
, normocytic normochromic anemia - CORRECT ANSWER Characterized by red cells
that are relatively normal in size and hemoglobin content but insufficient in number,
shape of RBC helps determine cause/type
anisocytosis - CORRECT ANSWER presence of red blood cells of various sizes
poikilocytosis - CORRECT ANSWER condition characterized by red blood cells in a
variety of shapes
Eryptosis - CORRECT ANSWER premature death of damaged erythrocytes
intrinsic factor - CORRECT ANSWER Protein transporter necessary for absorption of
vitamin B12
pernicious anemia (PA) - CORRECT ANSWER Chronic, progressive anemia found
mostly in people older than age 50 resulting from a lack of sufficient vitamin B12 needed
for blood cell development. Usually related to lack of intrinsic factor from gastric parietal
cells required for absorption.
Erythropoiesis - CORRECT ANSWER production of red blood cells
Hematopoiesis - CORRECT ANSWER blood cell formation in bone marrow
Hemostasis - CORRECT ANSWER to stop or control bleeding
Mechanism of hemostasis - CORRECT ANSWER 1. Blood vessel wall injured, collagen
fibers exposed at damaged site
2. Release of *endothelin* (vasoconstrictor) & von Willebrand (vWF) which bonds
exposed collagen fibers
3. Platelets adhere to exposed collagen *by binding to vWF* and they get activated
(*platelet activation*)
- platelet shape transformation
- platelet degranulation (a/d granules)
- platelet aggregation
-- *PRIMARY HEMOSTATIC PLUG (LOOSE)*
4. Conversion of fibrinogen to fibrin
- platelet cross-linking by fibrin
-- *SECONDARY HEMOSTATIC PLUG (SOLID)*
- *blood coagulation*
5. Clot shrinks (*clot retraction*)
6. Vessel wall repaired
- Clot dissolved after fibrin degradation by proteolytic enzyme *plasmin*
- *clot removal - fibronolysis*
sequence of coagulation - CORRECT ANSWER Damaged tissue, factor X, fibrinogen,
prothrombin, clot
HEMATOLOGIC SYSTEM EXAM
QUESTIONS & VALID CORRECT
ANSWERS ALL PASSED
Processes of platelet activation - CORRECT ANSWER Adhesion, activation,
aggregation
function of platelets - CORRECT ANSWER blood clotting
Function of Erythrocytes (RBCs) - CORRECT ANSWER Transport gases (O2 and
CO2)
Transport electrolytes
Regulate diffusion across cell membrane
function of leukocytes (WBC) - CORRECT ANSWER defense and immunity
Types of Leukocytes (WBCs) - CORRECT ANSWER Granulocytes:
-Neutrophils
-Basophils
-Eosinophils
Agranulocytes:
-Monocytes
-Macrophages
-Lymphocytes
-Natural Killer Cells (NKCs)
Anemia - CORRECT ANSWER Decrease in total number of erythrocytes in circulation
blood or quality or quantity of hemoglobin
Classifications of anemia - CORRECT ANSWER microcytic, normocytic, macrocytic
microcytic hypochromic anemia - CORRECT ANSWER Disorders of hemoglobin
synthesis, iron deficiency
macrocytic anemia - CORRECT ANSWER Abnormal maturation of erythrocyte
precursors on bone marrow, usually due to deficiency in B12 and/or folate which affects
DNA synthesis
, normocytic normochromic anemia - CORRECT ANSWER Characterized by red cells
that are relatively normal in size and hemoglobin content but insufficient in number,
shape of RBC helps determine cause/type
anisocytosis - CORRECT ANSWER presence of red blood cells of various sizes
poikilocytosis - CORRECT ANSWER condition characterized by red blood cells in a
variety of shapes
Eryptosis - CORRECT ANSWER premature death of damaged erythrocytes
intrinsic factor - CORRECT ANSWER Protein transporter necessary for absorption of
vitamin B12
pernicious anemia (PA) - CORRECT ANSWER Chronic, progressive anemia found
mostly in people older than age 50 resulting from a lack of sufficient vitamin B12 needed
for blood cell development. Usually related to lack of intrinsic factor from gastric parietal
cells required for absorption.
Erythropoiesis - CORRECT ANSWER production of red blood cells
Hematopoiesis - CORRECT ANSWER blood cell formation in bone marrow
Hemostasis - CORRECT ANSWER to stop or control bleeding
Mechanism of hemostasis - CORRECT ANSWER 1. Blood vessel wall injured, collagen
fibers exposed at damaged site
2. Release of *endothelin* (vasoconstrictor) & von Willebrand (vWF) which bonds
exposed collagen fibers
3. Platelets adhere to exposed collagen *by binding to vWF* and they get activated
(*platelet activation*)
- platelet shape transformation
- platelet degranulation (a/d granules)
- platelet aggregation
-- *PRIMARY HEMOSTATIC PLUG (LOOSE)*
4. Conversion of fibrinogen to fibrin
- platelet cross-linking by fibrin
-- *SECONDARY HEMOSTATIC PLUG (SOLID)*
- *blood coagulation*
5. Clot shrinks (*clot retraction*)
6. Vessel wall repaired
- Clot dissolved after fibrin degradation by proteolytic enzyme *plasmin*
- *clot removal - fibronolysis*
sequence of coagulation - CORRECT ANSWER Damaged tissue, factor X, fibrinogen,
prothrombin, clot
