BIOL 201 EXAM 1 | LATEST STUDY | QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS | 2026 UPDATES
How did early virologists of the latter 19th century discover viruses? - ANSWER- The
viruses passed through porcelain filters that trapped bacteria.
Miasma theory was an archaic medical belief that states diseases: - ANSWER- arose from
noxious air that was inhaled.
Koch's postulates correct order: - ANSWER- 1. Organism suspected of causing disease is
observed in tissue of dead animals.
3. Grow organism suspected of causing disease in pure culture.
2. Inoculate a susceptible lab animal to see if reproduced.
4. Observe organism in all animal and resolute in pure culture.
Dutch spectacle maker Zacharias Janssen discovered that if 2 convex lenses were put together
small object would be: - ANSWER- magnified
In the 17th century, a Dutch spectacle maker named __________ discovered when he combined
2 curved lenses together he could magnify small objects. - ANSWER- Janssen
True or False? Variolation was a process of using ground smallpox powders to prevent people
from contracting smallpox. - ANSWER- True
True or False? The cases of childbed fever dropped significantly after Semmelweis instituted the
procedure of instrument sterilization. - ANSWER- False
True or False? Vapors in the air represented the miasmas that carried disease. - ANSWER-
True
True or False? Snow developed the germ theory of disease. - ANSWER- False
True or False? Pasteur suggested that the vital force was destroyed by excessive heating. -
ANSWER- False
The primary difference between prokaryotes and eukaryotes is the presence of absence of a
__________. - ANSWER- nucleus
,Francesco Redi is famous for performing one of history's 1st biological experiments over the
debate regarding spontaneous generation. What was his experiment? - ANSWER- covered
jars of meat w/ gauze and left the others open.
covered jars = no maggots
uncovered jars = maggots
Diseases like AIDS and bird flu represent __________ diseases because they are new diseases
surfacing for the 1st time in human population. - ANSWER- emerging infectious
Rare microbes which can cause disease are referred to as ___________. - ANSWER-
pathogens
Virchow put forward the idea that life only arises from life, which is called: - ANSWER-
biogenesis
Microbes are model organisms to use in research for all of the follows reasons except
__________. - ANSWER- their behavior is easily observed
This scientist know was the "Father of Biology" since he was the first to use a microscope to
observe the presence of cells. - ANSWER- Hooke
Many infectious agents are or are becoming _____________, and our arsenal of drugs to fight
them _______________. - ANSWER- antibiotic resistant ; is diminishing
Which best describes the importance of biofilms? - ANSWER- microbes in biofilms can
behave differently than the individual cells that compose them
Which of the following would be consistent with the idea of spontaneous generation? -
ANSWER- sick people give rise to microorganisms in their body
_______________ is credited with the discovery of penicillin. - ANSWER- Alexander
Fleming
Mycology is a study of organisms which are characterized as decomposers having rigid cell walls
and _____________. - ANSWER- typically growing as filamentous strands
Who was Edward Jenner? - ANSWER- surgeon and developed of the first modern vaccine
who observed cowpox could provide immunity for smallpox
The Second Golden Age of microbiology includes the years from _____________. - ANSWER-
1950-1970
,Can be stored as glycogen: - ANSWER- carbohydrates
Consists of monomers held together with peptide bonds: - ANSWER- proteins
Has saturated and unsaturated fatty acid chains: - ANSWER- lipids
True or False? Lipids are non polar molecules that are hydrophobic. - ANSWER- True
True or False? Primary structure consists, in part, of alpha helices and pleated sheets. -
ANSWER- False
True or False? Quaternary structure consists of 2 or more polypeptides bonded together. -
ANSWER- True
True or False? Proteins are built from monomers called nucleotides. - ANSWER- False
True or False? Denaturation refers to the loss of the tertiary structure by a protein. - ANSWER-
False
Decomposition reactions often utilize ____________ as a reactant. - ANSWER- water
All the following are components of an atom, except: - ANSWER- lipids
Which 6 elements are needed in abundance for living organisms? - ANSWER- carbon,
hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen, phosphorus, and sulfur
Which of the following describes a substance that is a base? - ANSWER- binds hydrogen
ions in a solution
Which of the following represents a molecule? - ANSWER- H20
An inert gas has election shells that: - ANSWER- are filled
The ________ structure of a protein in the sequence of amino acids. - ANSWER- primary
Both DNA and RNA are composed of ___________. - ANSWER- polynucleotides
How do lipids differ from other organic compounds? - ANSWER- They are nonpolar
compounds.
Which of the following is NOT a polysaccharide? - ANSWER- triglyceride
A functional group designated -COOH is known as a/an ___________. - ANSWER- carboxyl
Which of the following statements about buffers is FALSE? - ANSWER- They speed up
chemical reactions.
, If a solution has a pH of 5.5, it is mildly _________. - ANSWER- acidic
A nurse is preparing an IV drip for a patient. In the saline solution she is using, the salt
represents a __________. - ANSWER- solute
In what type of chemical reaction are the products of water removed during the formation of
covalent bonds? - ANSWER- dehydration
The ___________ bond is a weak bond that exist between poles of adjacent molecules. -
ANSWER- hydrogen
The covalent bonding of atoms forms a/an ____________. - ANSWER- molecule
The transfer of one or more electrons between interacting atoms results in what type of bond? -
ANSWER- ionic
If an element has 2 electrons in the 1st shell and 7 in the 2nd shell, the element is said to be
what? - ANSWER- unstable
These positively charged particles are found in the atomic nucleus. - ANSWER- protons
atoms of the same element that have different numbers of neutrons are called ___________. -
ANSWER- isotopes
Contains cytosine, adenine, thymine, and guanine: - ANSWER- nucleic acid
What is the term that describes the ability of organisms to maintain a stable internal state? -
ANSWER- homeostasis
Which of the following is NOT an organizational pattern common to all organisms? - ANSWER-
endomembrane stystem
Which of the following is NOT found in bacterial cells? - ANSWER- mitochondria
Who is considered the father of modern taxonomy? - ANSWER- Linnaeus
___________ was the first used to catalog organisms into one of three domains. - ANSWER-
Ribosomal RNA genes
Several classes of organisms would be classified into one ____________. - ANSWER-
phylum
The domain containing organisms whose cells have no cell nucleus or mitochondria in the
cytoplasm. - ANSWER- bacteria
ANSWERS | 2026 UPDATES
How did early virologists of the latter 19th century discover viruses? - ANSWER- The
viruses passed through porcelain filters that trapped bacteria.
Miasma theory was an archaic medical belief that states diseases: - ANSWER- arose from
noxious air that was inhaled.
Koch's postulates correct order: - ANSWER- 1. Organism suspected of causing disease is
observed in tissue of dead animals.
3. Grow organism suspected of causing disease in pure culture.
2. Inoculate a susceptible lab animal to see if reproduced.
4. Observe organism in all animal and resolute in pure culture.
Dutch spectacle maker Zacharias Janssen discovered that if 2 convex lenses were put together
small object would be: - ANSWER- magnified
In the 17th century, a Dutch spectacle maker named __________ discovered when he combined
2 curved lenses together he could magnify small objects. - ANSWER- Janssen
True or False? Variolation was a process of using ground smallpox powders to prevent people
from contracting smallpox. - ANSWER- True
True or False? The cases of childbed fever dropped significantly after Semmelweis instituted the
procedure of instrument sterilization. - ANSWER- False
True or False? Vapors in the air represented the miasmas that carried disease. - ANSWER-
True
True or False? Snow developed the germ theory of disease. - ANSWER- False
True or False? Pasteur suggested that the vital force was destroyed by excessive heating. -
ANSWER- False
The primary difference between prokaryotes and eukaryotes is the presence of absence of a
__________. - ANSWER- nucleus
,Francesco Redi is famous for performing one of history's 1st biological experiments over the
debate regarding spontaneous generation. What was his experiment? - ANSWER- covered
jars of meat w/ gauze and left the others open.
covered jars = no maggots
uncovered jars = maggots
Diseases like AIDS and bird flu represent __________ diseases because they are new diseases
surfacing for the 1st time in human population. - ANSWER- emerging infectious
Rare microbes which can cause disease are referred to as ___________. - ANSWER-
pathogens
Virchow put forward the idea that life only arises from life, which is called: - ANSWER-
biogenesis
Microbes are model organisms to use in research for all of the follows reasons except
__________. - ANSWER- their behavior is easily observed
This scientist know was the "Father of Biology" since he was the first to use a microscope to
observe the presence of cells. - ANSWER- Hooke
Many infectious agents are or are becoming _____________, and our arsenal of drugs to fight
them _______________. - ANSWER- antibiotic resistant ; is diminishing
Which best describes the importance of biofilms? - ANSWER- microbes in biofilms can
behave differently than the individual cells that compose them
Which of the following would be consistent with the idea of spontaneous generation? -
ANSWER- sick people give rise to microorganisms in their body
_______________ is credited with the discovery of penicillin. - ANSWER- Alexander
Fleming
Mycology is a study of organisms which are characterized as decomposers having rigid cell walls
and _____________. - ANSWER- typically growing as filamentous strands
Who was Edward Jenner? - ANSWER- surgeon and developed of the first modern vaccine
who observed cowpox could provide immunity for smallpox
The Second Golden Age of microbiology includes the years from _____________. - ANSWER-
1950-1970
,Can be stored as glycogen: - ANSWER- carbohydrates
Consists of monomers held together with peptide bonds: - ANSWER- proteins
Has saturated and unsaturated fatty acid chains: - ANSWER- lipids
True or False? Lipids are non polar molecules that are hydrophobic. - ANSWER- True
True or False? Primary structure consists, in part, of alpha helices and pleated sheets. -
ANSWER- False
True or False? Quaternary structure consists of 2 or more polypeptides bonded together. -
ANSWER- True
True or False? Proteins are built from monomers called nucleotides. - ANSWER- False
True or False? Denaturation refers to the loss of the tertiary structure by a protein. - ANSWER-
False
Decomposition reactions often utilize ____________ as a reactant. - ANSWER- water
All the following are components of an atom, except: - ANSWER- lipids
Which 6 elements are needed in abundance for living organisms? - ANSWER- carbon,
hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen, phosphorus, and sulfur
Which of the following describes a substance that is a base? - ANSWER- binds hydrogen
ions in a solution
Which of the following represents a molecule? - ANSWER- H20
An inert gas has election shells that: - ANSWER- are filled
The ________ structure of a protein in the sequence of amino acids. - ANSWER- primary
Both DNA and RNA are composed of ___________. - ANSWER- polynucleotides
How do lipids differ from other organic compounds? - ANSWER- They are nonpolar
compounds.
Which of the following is NOT a polysaccharide? - ANSWER- triglyceride
A functional group designated -COOH is known as a/an ___________. - ANSWER- carboxyl
Which of the following statements about buffers is FALSE? - ANSWER- They speed up
chemical reactions.
, If a solution has a pH of 5.5, it is mildly _________. - ANSWER- acidic
A nurse is preparing an IV drip for a patient. In the saline solution she is using, the salt
represents a __________. - ANSWER- solute
In what type of chemical reaction are the products of water removed during the formation of
covalent bonds? - ANSWER- dehydration
The ___________ bond is a weak bond that exist between poles of adjacent molecules. -
ANSWER- hydrogen
The covalent bonding of atoms forms a/an ____________. - ANSWER- molecule
The transfer of one or more electrons between interacting atoms results in what type of bond? -
ANSWER- ionic
If an element has 2 electrons in the 1st shell and 7 in the 2nd shell, the element is said to be
what? - ANSWER- unstable
These positively charged particles are found in the atomic nucleus. - ANSWER- protons
atoms of the same element that have different numbers of neutrons are called ___________. -
ANSWER- isotopes
Contains cytosine, adenine, thymine, and guanine: - ANSWER- nucleic acid
What is the term that describes the ability of organisms to maintain a stable internal state? -
ANSWER- homeostasis
Which of the following is NOT an organizational pattern common to all organisms? - ANSWER-
endomembrane stystem
Which of the following is NOT found in bacterial cells? - ANSWER- mitochondria
Who is considered the father of modern taxonomy? - ANSWER- Linnaeus
___________ was the first used to catalog organisms into one of three domains. - ANSWER-
Ribosomal RNA genes
Several classes of organisms would be classified into one ____________. - ANSWER-
phylum
The domain containing organisms whose cells have no cell nucleus or mitochondria in the
cytoplasm. - ANSWER- bacteria
