NR 602 FINAL
NR 602 FINAL CONTENT- WEEK 5 EXAM QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS GRADED A+ LATEST UPDATE.
Who is at highest risk for dehydration? ANS >> infants and young
children
Dehydration ANS >> a common problem, increased risk of diarrhea
Body fluids make up what percent of an infant’s body weight? ANS >>
75%
infants and toddler’s high ratio of surface area to weight
_____________________ ANS >> equals more body loss through
evaporation
,NR 602 FINAL
What typically causes acute diarrhea? ANS >> viruses like rotavirus,
bacteria, and parasites
Rotavirus is common in ____________________ ANS >> infants
between 3 and 15 months of age
What can cause chronic diarrhea? ANS >> antibiotic treatment of
another condition, poor absorption of starches and sugars, food
allergies, laxative abuse in eating disorders, hyperthyroidism, or irritable
bowel syndrome
How do you treat diarrhea in acute cases? ANS >> supportive care;
includes fluid and electrolyte replacement and/or antidiarrheals based
on age
How do you treat diarrhea in chronic cases? ANS >> treatment is
specific to the underlying condition
Assessing dehydration: HPI ANS >> Quantity and frequency of fluid
intake, vomiting and/or diarrhea, urine output or number of wet
diapers in 24 hours, duration or degree of fever, types of medications,
underlying disease
,NR 602 FINAL
What is the most essential measure in calculating body fluid loss? ANS
>> Weight
Assessing dehydration: physical exam ANS >> vital signs, colour,
capillary refill, skin turgor, dryness of lips and mucous membranes, lack
of tears, sunken fontanelles, output, and mental status
Treatment of mild to moderate dehydration ANS >> -commercially
available oral hydration solutions (ORS)
-continue breastfeeding with oral hydration solution supplementation
-offer young children 20l/kg per hour
-offer older children 100 ml of oral hydration solution every 5 minutes
-combine with IV therapy as needed
-reassess after 4 hours; repeat if needed
-avoid juice, soft drinks, and sports drinks
treatment of severe dehydration ANS >> -evidence of compromised
perfusion and sever dehydration
-IV therapy; lactated ringers or normal saline if LR is not available
-under 1 year old, 30 ml/kg over the first hour, 70 ml/kg for the
following 6 hours, and 100 ml/kg from 6 to 24 hours
-over 1 year old, 30 ml/kg over the first 30 minutes and 70 ml/kg for the
following 3 hours
-reassess every 15 to 30 minutes
, NR 602 FINAL
mild dehydration symptoms ANS >> 3-5% decrease in weight, normal
skin turgor, normal pulse, 2-3 cap refill, decreased tear production, mild
oliguria
moderate dehydration symptoms ANS >> 6-10% decrease in weight,
slight tenting when assessing skin turgor, slight increase in pulse, 3-4
second cap refill
severe dehydration symptoms ANS >> 11-15% decrease in weight,
severe tenting when assessing skin turgor, tachycardia, greater than 4
second cap refills, tears are absent, anuria
dehydration is _____________ ANS >> the loss of water and
extracellular fluid
What terms can be used interchangeably with dehydration? ANS >>
volume depletion or hypovolemia (loss of extracellular fluid)
Dehydration is classified as mild when ___________ ANS >> <3%
weight loss when compared with recent current weight in older children
and 5% in infants
NR 602 FINAL CONTENT- WEEK 5 EXAM QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS GRADED A+ LATEST UPDATE.
Who is at highest risk for dehydration? ANS >> infants and young
children
Dehydration ANS >> a common problem, increased risk of diarrhea
Body fluids make up what percent of an infant’s body weight? ANS >>
75%
infants and toddler’s high ratio of surface area to weight
_____________________ ANS >> equals more body loss through
evaporation
,NR 602 FINAL
What typically causes acute diarrhea? ANS >> viruses like rotavirus,
bacteria, and parasites
Rotavirus is common in ____________________ ANS >> infants
between 3 and 15 months of age
What can cause chronic diarrhea? ANS >> antibiotic treatment of
another condition, poor absorption of starches and sugars, food
allergies, laxative abuse in eating disorders, hyperthyroidism, or irritable
bowel syndrome
How do you treat diarrhea in acute cases? ANS >> supportive care;
includes fluid and electrolyte replacement and/or antidiarrheals based
on age
How do you treat diarrhea in chronic cases? ANS >> treatment is
specific to the underlying condition
Assessing dehydration: HPI ANS >> Quantity and frequency of fluid
intake, vomiting and/or diarrhea, urine output or number of wet
diapers in 24 hours, duration or degree of fever, types of medications,
underlying disease
,NR 602 FINAL
What is the most essential measure in calculating body fluid loss? ANS
>> Weight
Assessing dehydration: physical exam ANS >> vital signs, colour,
capillary refill, skin turgor, dryness of lips and mucous membranes, lack
of tears, sunken fontanelles, output, and mental status
Treatment of mild to moderate dehydration ANS >> -commercially
available oral hydration solutions (ORS)
-continue breastfeeding with oral hydration solution supplementation
-offer young children 20l/kg per hour
-offer older children 100 ml of oral hydration solution every 5 minutes
-combine with IV therapy as needed
-reassess after 4 hours; repeat if needed
-avoid juice, soft drinks, and sports drinks
treatment of severe dehydration ANS >> -evidence of compromised
perfusion and sever dehydration
-IV therapy; lactated ringers or normal saline if LR is not available
-under 1 year old, 30 ml/kg over the first hour, 70 ml/kg for the
following 6 hours, and 100 ml/kg from 6 to 24 hours
-over 1 year old, 30 ml/kg over the first 30 minutes and 70 ml/kg for the
following 3 hours
-reassess every 15 to 30 minutes
, NR 602 FINAL
mild dehydration symptoms ANS >> 3-5% decrease in weight, normal
skin turgor, normal pulse, 2-3 cap refill, decreased tear production, mild
oliguria
moderate dehydration symptoms ANS >> 6-10% decrease in weight,
slight tenting when assessing skin turgor, slight increase in pulse, 3-4
second cap refill
severe dehydration symptoms ANS >> 11-15% decrease in weight,
severe tenting when assessing skin turgor, tachycardia, greater than 4
second cap refills, tears are absent, anuria
dehydration is _____________ ANS >> the loss of water and
extracellular fluid
What terms can be used interchangeably with dehydration? ANS >>
volume depletion or hypovolemia (loss of extracellular fluid)
Dehydration is classified as mild when ___________ ANS >> <3%
weight loss when compared with recent current weight in older children
and 5% in infants
