NR507 HEMATOLOGIC DISORDERS QUESTIONS
WITH 100% ACCURATE ANSWERS
The site of blood cell formation hematopoiesis varies with age - Accurate answers -fetus - yolk sac
beginning 3rd week gestation; shift to fetal liver & spleen by week 8 and to bone marrow by 5 month
-birth to 5 years red marrow of all bones make blood cells
-after 20 years red marrow primarily located in ilium, vertebrae, cranium and jaw, sternum and ribs,
humerous and femur.
Hematopoiesis occurs throughout life and is stimulated by - Accurate answers infiltration of the
yellow or fatty bone marrow with red bone marrow cells.
Faster proliferation and differentiation of stem and daughter cells.
Hematopoietic stem cells are - Accurate answers -are progenitors (apart of) of all hematological
cells.
-proliferate and differentiate under the control of numerous growth factors and cytokinis to form the
three types of cells found in peripheral blood: rbcs, wbcs, and platelets
Erythropoiesis - Accurate answers formation of red blood cells:
-The growth factor erythropoietin is made by the kidney and to a very small extent in the liver in
response to tissue hypoxia
-is also stimulated by androgens (testosterones)
-Normal red blood cell level is between 4.2 to 6.2 million cells per cubic millimeter (approximately 45%
of blood volume)
-able to replenish 1% of circulating red blood cell mass every 24 hours, which is equivalent to 2.5 million
red blood cell synthesized per second.
The mature RBC structure - Accurate answers biconcave spherical disk for maximum surface area
for gas exchange
Reversible deformability to squeeze through capillaries
Lacks a nucleus, ribosome, mitochondria ( Without these structures, red blood cells cannot divide or do
protein synthesis and can only perform anaerobic metabolism,
Lifespan in circulation is approximately 100-120 days (But in that time frame, it will have traveled
thousands of miles to our vascular system)
, Red blood cells are essentially a sack of hemoglobin. - Accurate answers It is estimated that there
are approximately 300 million hemoglobin molecules per red blood cell. Hemoglobin makes up 90% of
the dry weight of the cell.
Males 16
Females 14
Hemoglobin has a unique chemical composition that includes polypeptide chains, heme molecules, and
iron.
Iron - Accurate answers -The primary dietary sources for iron are meats, especially red meat, dry
beans, and eggs.
-absorbed through the GI track and combines with the plasma protein transferrin (the transporter for
iron)→ transport to the liver for storage as ferritin then when needed is released from the liver via
transferrin →bone marrow →Iron enters the erythroblasts and is transported directly into the
mitochondria.
Females 19-50 need 18 mg/day
Females ˃ 50 and males ˂ 19 needs 8mg fe/day
Vitamin B12 (Cyanocobalamin) - Accurate answers Primary sources are meat, fish, poultry, and
dairy
Is required for DNA, RNA and myelin synthesis (Rna synthesis occurs in its absence, but abnormally large
cells form)
Stomach secrete intrinsic factor protein to facilitate absorption of vitamin from the ilium.
Any excess B12 - Accurate answers is stored in the liver. Typically, we have a 1000 fold excess
reserve, so it can take years to deplete our stores of this vitamin.
Folic Acid (Folate) - Accurate answers primary dietary sources are liver grains and green vegetable
Is required for DNA and RNA synthesis and is also important for neural development in utero.
Absorbed directly from the GI tract in any excess is stored in the liver and depleted in 2 to 3 months
Red blood cells (erythrocytes) - Accurate answers normal recycling occurs as metabolic processes
decrease.
As blood circulates into spleen, narrow splenic capillaries literally fragmented and old
Splenic microphages digests rbcs
Anemia - Accurate answers is a hematological disorder characterized by a reduction in the total
number of circulating red blood cells and or a decrease in hemoglobin content or function.
WITH 100% ACCURATE ANSWERS
The site of blood cell formation hematopoiesis varies with age - Accurate answers -fetus - yolk sac
beginning 3rd week gestation; shift to fetal liver & spleen by week 8 and to bone marrow by 5 month
-birth to 5 years red marrow of all bones make blood cells
-after 20 years red marrow primarily located in ilium, vertebrae, cranium and jaw, sternum and ribs,
humerous and femur.
Hematopoiesis occurs throughout life and is stimulated by - Accurate answers infiltration of the
yellow or fatty bone marrow with red bone marrow cells.
Faster proliferation and differentiation of stem and daughter cells.
Hematopoietic stem cells are - Accurate answers -are progenitors (apart of) of all hematological
cells.
-proliferate and differentiate under the control of numerous growth factors and cytokinis to form the
three types of cells found in peripheral blood: rbcs, wbcs, and platelets
Erythropoiesis - Accurate answers formation of red blood cells:
-The growth factor erythropoietin is made by the kidney and to a very small extent in the liver in
response to tissue hypoxia
-is also stimulated by androgens (testosterones)
-Normal red blood cell level is between 4.2 to 6.2 million cells per cubic millimeter (approximately 45%
of blood volume)
-able to replenish 1% of circulating red blood cell mass every 24 hours, which is equivalent to 2.5 million
red blood cell synthesized per second.
The mature RBC structure - Accurate answers biconcave spherical disk for maximum surface area
for gas exchange
Reversible deformability to squeeze through capillaries
Lacks a nucleus, ribosome, mitochondria ( Without these structures, red blood cells cannot divide or do
protein synthesis and can only perform anaerobic metabolism,
Lifespan in circulation is approximately 100-120 days (But in that time frame, it will have traveled
thousands of miles to our vascular system)
, Red blood cells are essentially a sack of hemoglobin. - Accurate answers It is estimated that there
are approximately 300 million hemoglobin molecules per red blood cell. Hemoglobin makes up 90% of
the dry weight of the cell.
Males 16
Females 14
Hemoglobin has a unique chemical composition that includes polypeptide chains, heme molecules, and
iron.
Iron - Accurate answers -The primary dietary sources for iron are meats, especially red meat, dry
beans, and eggs.
-absorbed through the GI track and combines with the plasma protein transferrin (the transporter for
iron)→ transport to the liver for storage as ferritin then when needed is released from the liver via
transferrin →bone marrow →Iron enters the erythroblasts and is transported directly into the
mitochondria.
Females 19-50 need 18 mg/day
Females ˃ 50 and males ˂ 19 needs 8mg fe/day
Vitamin B12 (Cyanocobalamin) - Accurate answers Primary sources are meat, fish, poultry, and
dairy
Is required for DNA, RNA and myelin synthesis (Rna synthesis occurs in its absence, but abnormally large
cells form)
Stomach secrete intrinsic factor protein to facilitate absorption of vitamin from the ilium.
Any excess B12 - Accurate answers is stored in the liver. Typically, we have a 1000 fold excess
reserve, so it can take years to deplete our stores of this vitamin.
Folic Acid (Folate) - Accurate answers primary dietary sources are liver grains and green vegetable
Is required for DNA and RNA synthesis and is also important for neural development in utero.
Absorbed directly from the GI tract in any excess is stored in the liver and depleted in 2 to 3 months
Red blood cells (erythrocytes) - Accurate answers normal recycling occurs as metabolic processes
decrease.
As blood circulates into spleen, narrow splenic capillaries literally fragmented and old
Splenic microphages digests rbcs
Anemia - Accurate answers is a hematological disorder characterized by a reduction in the total
number of circulating red blood cells and or a decrease in hemoglobin content or function.
