BY 116 EXAM 1 QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS
100% CORRECT
Physiology - ANSWER the study of normal functioning of a living organism and its
component parts, including all its chemical and physical processes
literally means "knowledge of nature"
Emergent properties - ANSWER properties that cannot be predicted to exist based only
on knowledge of the system's individual components
ex. cannot predict that the right combination of elements would result in a living
organism
Integrated function - ANSWER if any one system fails then every system fails
Basal function - ANSWER the minimum level of existence;
closest to when you're asleep in slow wave deep sleep
Maximal function - ANSWER the highest point of existence;
too much stress against the system leads to death
,ex. if your organs cannot increase BP enough to bypass friction there is death
Reserve - ANSWER between minimum and maximum function
the range in which life happens
greater level of reserve in the 20s
Levels of organization - ANSWER atoms → molecules → cells → tissues → organs → organ
systems → organisms → populations of one species → ecosystems of different species →
biosphere
Cell - ANSWER the smallest unit of structure capable of carrying out all life processes
Related fields of study - ANSWER chemistry → molecular biology → cell biology →
physiology → ecology
Major properties of a cell - ANSWER originate from preexisting cells
have DNA & protein molecules
growth cycle & replication
compartmentalize guided work
sense & exchange with environment
adapt & evolve in dynamic environmental pressure
works against and avoids equilibrium
,Human physiological systems - ANSWER circulatory
digestive
endocrine
immune
integumentary
musculoskeletal
nervous
reproductive
respiratory
urinary
Circulatory system - ANSWER transport of materials between all cells in the body
organs: heart, blood vessels, blood
Digestive system - ANSWER conversion of food into particles that can be transported
into the body;
elimination of some wastes
organs: stomach, intestine, liver, pancreas
, Endocrine system - ANSWER coordination of body function through synthesis and
release of regulatory molecules
organs: thyroid gland, adrenal gland
Immune system - ANSWER defense against foreign invaders
organs: thymus, spleen, lymph nodes
Integumentary system - ANSWER protection from external environment
organ: skin
Musculoskeletal system - ANSWER support and movement
organs: skeletal muscles, bone
Nervous system - ANSWER coordination of body function through electrical signals and
release of regulatory molecules
organs: brain, spinal cord
100% CORRECT
Physiology - ANSWER the study of normal functioning of a living organism and its
component parts, including all its chemical and physical processes
literally means "knowledge of nature"
Emergent properties - ANSWER properties that cannot be predicted to exist based only
on knowledge of the system's individual components
ex. cannot predict that the right combination of elements would result in a living
organism
Integrated function - ANSWER if any one system fails then every system fails
Basal function - ANSWER the minimum level of existence;
closest to when you're asleep in slow wave deep sleep
Maximal function - ANSWER the highest point of existence;
too much stress against the system leads to death
,ex. if your organs cannot increase BP enough to bypass friction there is death
Reserve - ANSWER between minimum and maximum function
the range in which life happens
greater level of reserve in the 20s
Levels of organization - ANSWER atoms → molecules → cells → tissues → organs → organ
systems → organisms → populations of one species → ecosystems of different species →
biosphere
Cell - ANSWER the smallest unit of structure capable of carrying out all life processes
Related fields of study - ANSWER chemistry → molecular biology → cell biology →
physiology → ecology
Major properties of a cell - ANSWER originate from preexisting cells
have DNA & protein molecules
growth cycle & replication
compartmentalize guided work
sense & exchange with environment
adapt & evolve in dynamic environmental pressure
works against and avoids equilibrium
,Human physiological systems - ANSWER circulatory
digestive
endocrine
immune
integumentary
musculoskeletal
nervous
reproductive
respiratory
urinary
Circulatory system - ANSWER transport of materials between all cells in the body
organs: heart, blood vessels, blood
Digestive system - ANSWER conversion of food into particles that can be transported
into the body;
elimination of some wastes
organs: stomach, intestine, liver, pancreas
, Endocrine system - ANSWER coordination of body function through synthesis and
release of regulatory molecules
organs: thyroid gland, adrenal gland
Immune system - ANSWER defense against foreign invaders
organs: thymus, spleen, lymph nodes
Integumentary system - ANSWER protection from external environment
organ: skin
Musculoskeletal system - ANSWER support and movement
organs: skeletal muscles, bone
Nervous system - ANSWER coordination of body function through electrical signals and
release of regulatory molecules
organs: brain, spinal cord
