Microbiology: An Evolving Science, 3rd Edition by John Foster & Joan Slonczewski – Test Bank (Chapters 1–28)

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Material


TEST BANK FOR ss K


Microbiology An Evolving Science, 3rd Edition, John Foster & Joan Slonczewski Chapter
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ss 1-28


CHAPTER 1: Microbial Life: Origin and Discovery
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MULTIPLE CHOICE ss




1. Viruses are: ss



a. infectious agents that infect multi-cellular organisms ss ss ss ss ss



b. noncellular particles that takekover the metabolism of a cell to generate more viruspar ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss



ticles ss



c. pathogens that replicate in complex growthkmedia ss ss ss ss ss



d. cellular particles that belong to the archaea domain ss ss ss ss ss ss ss



e. microbes that consist of lipid membrane enclosed genomes ss ss ss ss ss ss ss




ANS: B DIF: s s Easy REF: s s 1.1 TOP: I.A | I.B s s ss ss



MSC: Remembering s s




2. Analysis of DNA sequences reveals: ss ss ss ss



a. thekancient convergence of two cell types, i.e., prokaryotes and eukaryotes ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss



b. prokaryotes and eukaryotes evolved from a common ancestral cell ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss



c. that bacteria share common ancestor with archaea, but not with eukarya
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss



d. prokaryotes are cells with a nucleus ss ss ss ss ss



e. thekgenome of Haemophilus influenzae has about 2 billion base pairs ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss




ANS: B DIF: s s Easy REF: s s 1.1 TOP: I.A | I.B s s ss ss



MSC: Remembering s s




3. Which of these groups are considered to be microbes but NOT considered to be cells?
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss



a. viruses d. protists s s s s



b. bacteria e. filamentous fungi ss



c. archaea
ANS: A DIF: s s Easy REF: s s 1.1 TOP: I.A.i s s



MSC: Remembering s s




4. A microbe is commonly defined as:
ss ss ss ss ss



a. a virus that requires a microscopektokbe seen
ss ss ss ss ss ss



b. a bacterium that requires a microscope to be seen
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c. a single-cellular prokaryote that requires akmicroscopekto be seen
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss



d. a multicellular eukaryote that requires akmicroscope to be seen
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss



e. a living organism that requires a microscope to be seen
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss




ANS: E DIF: s s Easy REF: s s 1.1 TOP: I.A.i | I.A.ii s s ss ss



MSC: Remembering s s




5. Which one of the following statements regarding microbial cells is NOT true?
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss



a. Microbial cells acquire food, gain energy to build themselves, and respond to
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss


environmental change.
ss ss

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Material

b. Most single-celled organisms requireka microscope to render them visible, butksome
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bacterial cells are large enough to be seen with naked eyes.
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c. Microbes function as individual entities. ss ss ss ss



d. Many microbes form complex multicellular assemblages.
ss ss ss ss ss



e. Viruses areknot considered as microbial cells. ss ss ss ss ss




ANS: C DIF:
s s Easy REF: s s 1.1 TOP: I.A.i | I.A.ii s s ss ss



MSC: Remembering s s




6. Which of the following statements is FALSE?
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a. A genome is the total genetic information contained in an organism’s chromosomal DNA.
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b. If akmicrobe’s genome includes genes for nitrogenase, that microbe probably can fixnitrogen.
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss




c. By comparing DNA sequences of different organisms, we can figure out how closely
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss



related they are.
ss ss ss



d. Fred Sanger developed the first applicable DNA sequencingkmethod.
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e. Fred Sanger completedkthe sequences of Haemophilus influenzae.
ss ss ss ss ss ss




ANS: E DIF:
s s Easy REF: s s 1.1 TOP: I.B s s



MSC: Remembering s s




7. The first cellular genomes to be sequenced were those of:
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss



a. humans d. prions s s s s



b. bacteria e. fungi
c. viruses
ANS: B DIF:
s s Easy REF: s s 1.1 TOP: I.B.i s s



MSC: Remembering s s




8. The environment of early Earth may have containedkall of the followingkEXCEPT:
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss



a. ferrous iron d. oxygen
ss s s s s



b. methane e. hydrogen gas ss



c. ammonia
ANS: s s D DIF: Easy
REF: Special Topic 1.1TOP: ss ss ss s s II.D
MSC: Remembering
ss s s




9. The development of the theory of the ―RNA world‖ resulted from the discovery of:
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss



a. archaea d. ribozymes s s s s



b. prions e. endosymbionts
c. bacteria
ANS: s s D DIF: Medium
REF: Special Topic 1.1TOP: ss ss ss s s II.D
MSC: Remembering
ss s s




10. Which microbes may resemble those of the earliest life forms?
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss



a. archaea d. cyanobacteria s s s s



b. photosynthetic algae e. protists ss



c. viruses
ANS: s s A DIF: Medium
REF: Special Topic 1.1TOP: ss ss ss s s II.D
MSC: Remembering
ss s s




11. Early metabolism may have been catalyzed by:
ss ss ss ss ss ss



a. DNA d. amino acids
s s s s ss



b. RNA e. carbohydrates

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ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss


Material

c. protein
ANS: s s B DIF: Medium
REF: Special Topic 1.1TOP:
ss ss ss s s II.D
MSC: Remembering
ss s s




12. Which of the followingkdiseases accounts for more than half of all human mortality?
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a. cardiovascular disease d. microbial disease ss s s s s ss



b. cancer e. strokes
c. accidents
ANS: D DIF: s s Easy REF: s s 1.2 TOP: II.A s s



MSC: Remembering s s




13. Which century is known as the golden age of microbiology?
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a. thekseventeenth d. the twentieth s s s s ss



b. thekeighteenth e. the twenty-first ss



c. theknineteenth
ANS: C DIF: s s Easy REF: s s 1.2 TOP: II.A s s



MSC: Remembering s s




14. All of the followingkhave been found inkmummies and tomb art EXCEPT:
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a. tuberculosis d. smallpox s s s s



b. polio e. AIDS
c. leprosy
ANS: s s E DIF: Medium REF: s s 1.2 TOP:
II.A.i
s s


MSC:
Remembering
s s




15. How didkEuropean invaders to North America kill much of the nativekpopulation?
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a. tuberculosis d. HIV s s s s



b. leprosy e. bubonic plague ss



c. smallpox
ANS: C DIF: s s Medium REF: s s 1.2 TOP: II.A.is s



MSC: Remembering s s




16. Nightingale:
a. is better known as thekfounder of professional nursing
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b. was the first to use disinfectant to demonstrate theksignificance of aseptic technique
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c. developed the pie chart of mortality data during the Crimean War ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss



d. performed the first controlled experiment on the chemical conversionkof matter, known
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today as chemotherapy
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e. all of the above ss ss ss




ANS: A DIF: s s Easy REF: s s 1.2 TOP: II.A.ii
s s



MSC: Remembering s s




17. Who developed thekconcept of medical statistics?
ss ss ss ss ss



a. Francis Crick d. Louis Pasteur
ss s s s s ss



b. FlorencekNightingale e. Alexander Fleming ss



c. Edward Jenner ss




ANS: B DIF: s s Easy REF: s s 1.2 TOP: II.A.ii
s s



MSC: Remembering s s