BIO 235 MIDTERM 1 EXAM STUDY GUIDE
2026 TEST PAPER QUESTIONS AND FULL
SOLUTIONS
⩥ Positive feedback? Answer: When a deviation from triggers events
that reinforce the deviation.
⩥ Which is prominent in physiology, especially
homeostasis? Answer: Negative feedback
⩥ Define reflex Answer: - specific
- involuntary
- unpremeditated
- unlearned
- built-in
RESPONSE
⩥ What are the 3 types of chemical messengers? Answer: 1.) Endocrine
2.) Paracrine
3.) Autocrine
⩥ Match!
,1.) Endocrine
2.) Paracrine
3.) Autocrine
----
a.) signal reaches neighboring cells via the ISF
b.) signal affects the cell that synthesized the signal
c.) signal reaches often - distant targets after transport in blood-
hormones Answer: 1.) C 2.) A 3.) B
⩥ The process of maintaining the internal environment in a state
compatible for life is called ________, and it occurs primarily through
________.
A) intrinsic control : homeostasis
B) negative feedback : intrinsic control
C) homeostasis : negative feedback
D) intrinsic control : negative feedback
E) positive feedback : intrinsic control Answer: C) homeostasis :
negative feedback
,⩥ The ________ determines the extent of the error signal in a feedback
loop, in order to initiate the appropriate response.
a) sensor
b) integrator
c) effector
d) set point
e) regulated variable Answer: b) integrator
⩥ Tissue type that functions in the transport of specific molecules from
one body compartment to another.
a) muscle tissue
b) epithelial tissue
c) connective tissue
d) nervous tissue
e) reticular tissue Answer: b) epithelial tissue
⩥ What separates the internal environment of the body from the external
environment?
a) skin
b) walls of blood vessels
, c) membranes of blood cells
d) plasma membrane of all body cells
e) epithelium Answer: e) epithelium
⩥ Which of the following statements about homeostasis is FALSE?
a) The extracellular fluid is maintained in a state compatible for life.
b) The primary mechanism to maintain homeostasis is positive feedback.
c) The organ systems work together to maintain homeostasis.
d) Illness can result if homeostasis is disrupted.
e) Homeostasis is the maintenance of the internal environment. Answer:
b) The primary mechanism to maintain homeostasis is positive feedback.
⩥ Which of the following is an example of negative feedback?
a) If blood pressure increases above normal, baroreceptors in major
arteries detect the change and send signals to the brain. Certain areas of
the brain then send signals to the nerves that control the heart and blood
vessels to make the heart beat slower and the blood vessels increase in
diameter, which in turn reduce the blood pressure.
b) During a blood clot, platelets release ADP, which stimulates platelet
aggregation, causing platelets to release
2026 TEST PAPER QUESTIONS AND FULL
SOLUTIONS
⩥ Positive feedback? Answer: When a deviation from triggers events
that reinforce the deviation.
⩥ Which is prominent in physiology, especially
homeostasis? Answer: Negative feedback
⩥ Define reflex Answer: - specific
- involuntary
- unpremeditated
- unlearned
- built-in
RESPONSE
⩥ What are the 3 types of chemical messengers? Answer: 1.) Endocrine
2.) Paracrine
3.) Autocrine
⩥ Match!
,1.) Endocrine
2.) Paracrine
3.) Autocrine
----
a.) signal reaches neighboring cells via the ISF
b.) signal affects the cell that synthesized the signal
c.) signal reaches often - distant targets after transport in blood-
hormones Answer: 1.) C 2.) A 3.) B
⩥ The process of maintaining the internal environment in a state
compatible for life is called ________, and it occurs primarily through
________.
A) intrinsic control : homeostasis
B) negative feedback : intrinsic control
C) homeostasis : negative feedback
D) intrinsic control : negative feedback
E) positive feedback : intrinsic control Answer: C) homeostasis :
negative feedback
,⩥ The ________ determines the extent of the error signal in a feedback
loop, in order to initiate the appropriate response.
a) sensor
b) integrator
c) effector
d) set point
e) regulated variable Answer: b) integrator
⩥ Tissue type that functions in the transport of specific molecules from
one body compartment to another.
a) muscle tissue
b) epithelial tissue
c) connective tissue
d) nervous tissue
e) reticular tissue Answer: b) epithelial tissue
⩥ What separates the internal environment of the body from the external
environment?
a) skin
b) walls of blood vessels
, c) membranes of blood cells
d) plasma membrane of all body cells
e) epithelium Answer: e) epithelium
⩥ Which of the following statements about homeostasis is FALSE?
a) The extracellular fluid is maintained in a state compatible for life.
b) The primary mechanism to maintain homeostasis is positive feedback.
c) The organ systems work together to maintain homeostasis.
d) Illness can result if homeostasis is disrupted.
e) Homeostasis is the maintenance of the internal environment. Answer:
b) The primary mechanism to maintain homeostasis is positive feedback.
⩥ Which of the following is an example of negative feedback?
a) If blood pressure increases above normal, baroreceptors in major
arteries detect the change and send signals to the brain. Certain areas of
the brain then send signals to the nerves that control the heart and blood
vessels to make the heart beat slower and the blood vessels increase in
diameter, which in turn reduce the blood pressure.
b) During a blood clot, platelets release ADP, which stimulates platelet
aggregation, causing platelets to release
