NBDE Part 1 Exam Questions with Correct Answers| New Update with Guaranteed Success
passive Diffusion and osmosis are (passive/facilitated) transport
Movement of specific molecules across cell membranes with a facilitator (integral membrane
proteins) facilitated diffusion
glucose transporters (Glut or SLC2A family) How do most mammalian cells transport
glucose?
whether fluid moves through the capillary membrane out of the blood into the interstitial fluid
or vice-versa What do Starling forces determine?
decreased capillary hydrostatic pressure-> decreased net pressure across capillary wall
Constriction of arterioles->
increases Arteriolar dilation (increases/decreases) the likelihood of edema
dilating arterioles, increasing permeability Inflammation causes local edema via _________
and __________
increased capillary hydrostatic pressure, edema What do Venous constriction and standing
cause?
-volume of interstitial fluid > lymphatics ability to return the fluid to the circulation
- fluid accumulates in a 3rd space When does Edema occur?
positive pressure within the interstitial spaces physical cause of edema
,heart failure, renal disease Systemic, or generalized edema, may be due to what?
anasarca severe generalized edema
negative Under normal conditions, (positive/negative) pressure is present in the interstitium
isotonic 0.9% solution of NaCl or a 5% glucose solution are both approximately
(hypotonic/isotonic/hypertonic) to plasma
solution w/ a lower salt concentration than in normal cells of the body and the blood.
hypotonic solution
cause osmosis into the cell-> swelling and lysis of the cell What happens if you take
hypotonic solution outside of a cell?
solution w/ a higher salt concentration than in normal cells of the body and the blood.
hypertonic solution
cause osmosis out of the cell-> cell shrinkage What happens if you take hypertonic solution
outside of a cell?
single altered allele leads to unregulated growth key feature of oncogene activity
both alleles In tumor suppressor genes, how many alleles need to be defective in order to
lead to abnormal cell division?
HER-2, ras, myc, src oncogenes associated with numerous cancer types
,Type 1 collagen The organic part of bone matrix is mainly composed of
mononucleate Osteoblasts are (mononucleate/multinucleate/anucleate)
surface of osteoid seams Osteoblasts are located where?
osteoid a protein mixture made by osteoblasts, which mineralizes to become bone.
relatively steady quantitative loss of bone matrix Bone density and structural integrity
decrease after age 30 in women and 45 in men->
peptide, disulfide bonds 2 types of covalent bonds
determine and stabilize the shapes of biological molecules Why are weak bonds important?
false, weak bonds are individually weak but collectively strong. (True/False) Weak bonds are
individually strong but collectively weak.
disrupt hydrophobic interactions that make up the stable core of globular proteins. How do
denaturing agents (organic solvents, urea and detergents) primarily act?
pitch, loudness and timbre A sound can be characterized according to
frequency the pitch is related to the ___________ of the sound wave
the higher the pitch of the sound wave In general, the higher the frequency of a sound
wave,___
, intensity and the amplitude of the wave The loudness of a sound is related to __________
the greater the intensity of the wave and the louder the sound The greater the amplitude of
a particular sound wave,
presence of additional sound-wave frequencies superimposed on principal frequency The
timbre or quality of sound is related to what?
potassium The major intracellular cation is what?
intracellular fluid (Intracellular Fluid/Extracellular Fluid) comprises 2/3 of the body's water.
extracellular fluid (Intracellular Fluid/Extracellular Fluid) comprises 1/3 of the body's water.
potassium, organic anions, proteins The Intercellular Fluid (ICF) is primarily a solution of
what?
cell membranes, cellular metabolism control the constituents of the ICF
heterogeneous Is the ICF homogenous or heterogenous?
NaCl and NaHCO3 solution Extracellular Fluid (ECF) is primarily what type of solution?
total Na content The ECF volume is proportional to what?
each subcompartment The ions and small solutes that make up ECF are in equilibrium with
similar concentrations in what?
passive Diffusion and osmosis are (passive/facilitated) transport
Movement of specific molecules across cell membranes with a facilitator (integral membrane
proteins) facilitated diffusion
glucose transporters (Glut or SLC2A family) How do most mammalian cells transport
glucose?
whether fluid moves through the capillary membrane out of the blood into the interstitial fluid
or vice-versa What do Starling forces determine?
decreased capillary hydrostatic pressure-> decreased net pressure across capillary wall
Constriction of arterioles->
increases Arteriolar dilation (increases/decreases) the likelihood of edema
dilating arterioles, increasing permeability Inflammation causes local edema via _________
and __________
increased capillary hydrostatic pressure, edema What do Venous constriction and standing
cause?
-volume of interstitial fluid > lymphatics ability to return the fluid to the circulation
- fluid accumulates in a 3rd space When does Edema occur?
positive pressure within the interstitial spaces physical cause of edema
,heart failure, renal disease Systemic, or generalized edema, may be due to what?
anasarca severe generalized edema
negative Under normal conditions, (positive/negative) pressure is present in the interstitium
isotonic 0.9% solution of NaCl or a 5% glucose solution are both approximately
(hypotonic/isotonic/hypertonic) to plasma
solution w/ a lower salt concentration than in normal cells of the body and the blood.
hypotonic solution
cause osmosis into the cell-> swelling and lysis of the cell What happens if you take
hypotonic solution outside of a cell?
solution w/ a higher salt concentration than in normal cells of the body and the blood.
hypertonic solution
cause osmosis out of the cell-> cell shrinkage What happens if you take hypertonic solution
outside of a cell?
single altered allele leads to unregulated growth key feature of oncogene activity
both alleles In tumor suppressor genes, how many alleles need to be defective in order to
lead to abnormal cell division?
HER-2, ras, myc, src oncogenes associated with numerous cancer types
,Type 1 collagen The organic part of bone matrix is mainly composed of
mononucleate Osteoblasts are (mononucleate/multinucleate/anucleate)
surface of osteoid seams Osteoblasts are located where?
osteoid a protein mixture made by osteoblasts, which mineralizes to become bone.
relatively steady quantitative loss of bone matrix Bone density and structural integrity
decrease after age 30 in women and 45 in men->
peptide, disulfide bonds 2 types of covalent bonds
determine and stabilize the shapes of biological molecules Why are weak bonds important?
false, weak bonds are individually weak but collectively strong. (True/False) Weak bonds are
individually strong but collectively weak.
disrupt hydrophobic interactions that make up the stable core of globular proteins. How do
denaturing agents (organic solvents, urea and detergents) primarily act?
pitch, loudness and timbre A sound can be characterized according to
frequency the pitch is related to the ___________ of the sound wave
the higher the pitch of the sound wave In general, the higher the frequency of a sound
wave,___
, intensity and the amplitude of the wave The loudness of a sound is related to __________
the greater the intensity of the wave and the louder the sound The greater the amplitude of
a particular sound wave,
presence of additional sound-wave frequencies superimposed on principal frequency The
timbre or quality of sound is related to what?
potassium The major intracellular cation is what?
intracellular fluid (Intracellular Fluid/Extracellular Fluid) comprises 2/3 of the body's water.
extracellular fluid (Intracellular Fluid/Extracellular Fluid) comprises 1/3 of the body's water.
potassium, organic anions, proteins The Intercellular Fluid (ICF) is primarily a solution of
what?
cell membranes, cellular metabolism control the constituents of the ICF
heterogeneous Is the ICF homogenous or heterogenous?
NaCl and NaHCO3 solution Extracellular Fluid (ECF) is primarily what type of solution?
total Na content The ECF volume is proportional to what?
each subcompartment The ions and small solutes that make up ECF are in equilibrium with
similar concentrations in what?
