,Chapter 01 - Introduction to Drugs
A nurse working in radiology administers iodine to a patient who is having a
computed tomography (CT) scan. The nurse working on the oncology unit
administers chemotherapy to patients who have cancer. At the Public
Health Department, a nurse administers a measles-mumps-rubella (MMR)
vaccine to a 14-month-old child as a routine immunization. Which branch
of pharmacology best describes the actions of all three nurses?
Pharmacoecono
mics
Pharmacothera
peutics
Pharmacodyna
mics
Pharmacokineti
cs Ans: B
Response:
Pharmacology is the study of the biologic effects of chemicals. Nurses are
involved with clinical pharmacology or pharmacotherapeutics, which is a
branch of pharmacology that deals with the uses of drugs to treat, prevent,
and diagnose disease. The radiology nurse is administering a drug to help
diagnose a disease. The oncology nurse is administering a drug to help
treat a disease.
Pharmacoeconomics includes any costs involved in drug therapy.
Pharmacodynamics involves how a drug affects the body and
pharmacokinetics is how the body acts on the body.
A physician has ordered intramuscular (IM) injections of morphine, a narcotic,
every 4 hours as needed for pain in a motor vehicle accident victim. The
nurse is aware this drug has a high abuse potential.
, Under what category would morphine be classified?
Schedule
I
Schedule
II
Schedule
III
Schedule
IV Ans:
B
Response:
Narcotics with a high abuse potential are classified as Schedule II drugs
because of severe dependence
, liability. Schedule I drugs have high abuse potential and no accepted
medical use. Schedule III drugs have a lesser abuse potential than II and
an accepted medical use. Schedule IV drugs have low abuse potential
and limited dependence liability.
When involved in phase III drug evaluation studies, what
responsibilities would the nurse have? Working with animals who are
given experimental drugs
Choosing appropriate patients to be involved in the
drug study Monitoring and observing patients
closely for adverse effects Conducting research to
determine effectiveness of the drug Ans: C
Response:
Phase III studies involve use of a drug in a vast clinical population in which
patients are asked to record any symptoms they experience while taking
the drugs. Nurses may be responsible for helping collect and analyze the
information to be shared with the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) but
would not conduct research independently because nurses do not prescribe
medications. Use of animals in drug testing is done in the preclinical trials.
Select patients who are involved in phase II studies to participate in
studies where the participants have the disease the drug is intended to
treat. These patients are monitored closely for drug action and adverse
effects. Phase I studies involve healthy human volunteers who are usually
paid for their participation. Nurses may observe for adverse effects and
toxicity.
What concept is considered when generic drugs are substituted for
brand name drugs? Bioavailability
Critical
concentration
A nurse working in radiology administers iodine to a patient who is having a
computed tomography (CT) scan. The nurse working on the oncology unit
administers chemotherapy to patients who have cancer. At the Public
Health Department, a nurse administers a measles-mumps-rubella (MMR)
vaccine to a 14-month-old child as a routine immunization. Which branch
of pharmacology best describes the actions of all three nurses?
Pharmacoecono
mics
Pharmacothera
peutics
Pharmacodyna
mics
Pharmacokineti
cs Ans: B
Response:
Pharmacology is the study of the biologic effects of chemicals. Nurses are
involved with clinical pharmacology or pharmacotherapeutics, which is a
branch of pharmacology that deals with the uses of drugs to treat, prevent,
and diagnose disease. The radiology nurse is administering a drug to help
diagnose a disease. The oncology nurse is administering a drug to help
treat a disease.
Pharmacoeconomics includes any costs involved in drug therapy.
Pharmacodynamics involves how a drug affects the body and
pharmacokinetics is how the body acts on the body.
A physician has ordered intramuscular (IM) injections of morphine, a narcotic,
every 4 hours as needed for pain in a motor vehicle accident victim. The
nurse is aware this drug has a high abuse potential.
, Under what category would morphine be classified?
Schedule
I
Schedule
II
Schedule
III
Schedule
IV Ans:
B
Response:
Narcotics with a high abuse potential are classified as Schedule II drugs
because of severe dependence
, liability. Schedule I drugs have high abuse potential and no accepted
medical use. Schedule III drugs have a lesser abuse potential than II and
an accepted medical use. Schedule IV drugs have low abuse potential
and limited dependence liability.
When involved in phase III drug evaluation studies, what
responsibilities would the nurse have? Working with animals who are
given experimental drugs
Choosing appropriate patients to be involved in the
drug study Monitoring and observing patients
closely for adverse effects Conducting research to
determine effectiveness of the drug Ans: C
Response:
Phase III studies involve use of a drug in a vast clinical population in which
patients are asked to record any symptoms they experience while taking
the drugs. Nurses may be responsible for helping collect and analyze the
information to be shared with the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) but
would not conduct research independently because nurses do not prescribe
medications. Use of animals in drug testing is done in the preclinical trials.
Select patients who are involved in phase II studies to participate in
studies where the participants have the disease the drug is intended to
treat. These patients are monitored closely for drug action and adverse
effects. Phase I studies involve healthy human volunteers who are usually
paid for their participation. Nurses may observe for adverse effects and
toxicity.
What concept is considered when generic drugs are substituted for
brand name drugs? Bioavailability
Critical
concentration
