portage pathophysiology exam 4 (NURS 231 portage
pathophysiology exam 4 cardiovascular) Questions With
Complete Solutions
_____ are a group of inherited disorders of hemoglobin
synthesis common among Mediterranean populations. Correct
Answers thalassemias
1. Explain how ventricular hypertrophy is an adaptive
mechanism:
2. What happens during exercise in someone with coronary
artery disease? Correct Answers 1. An increase in wall stress
can be caused by an increase in preload or afterload. Ventricular
hypertrophy is an adaptive mechanism by which the ventricle
can offset the increase in wall stress. OR Blood pressure
elevation increases the workload of the left ventricle by
increasing the pressure against which the heart must pump as it
ejects blood into the systemic circulation. Over time, the left
ventricle hypertrophies to compensate for the increased pressure
and work.
2. During exertion, the heart beats harder and faster to supply
oxygen to the muscles. The coronary vessels vasodilate and
increase blood flow to the cardiac muscle to meet its increased
demand for oxygen. With atherosclerotic disease, the coronary
vessel lumens are narrowed and blood supply to the heart is
diminished. With exertion, the vessels cannot adequately
vasodilate. This can manifest as chest pain or tightness and/or
shortness of breath.
, 1. Hypertension is often called "the silent killer." By the time
symptoms of hypertension occur, the complications can affect
the kidneys, heart, eyes, and blood vessels. What is this term
called?
2. Left ventricular hypertrophy is a major risk factor for what
other diseases? Name at least 2. Correct Answers 1. Target-
organ damage
2. coronary heart disease, cardiac dysrhythmias, congestive heart
failure, and sudden death.
A 40-year-old woman is hospitalized with a chronic illness
characterized by hepatomegaly, distended neck veins, and
peripheral edema. Which of the following disorders is the most
likely cause of these findings? Correct Answers right heart
failure
A 45-year-old man has a blood pressure at a screening program
of 142/90. His father has a history of hypertension and heart
attack. His grandfather died of a stroke. He is 20 lbs overweight,
likes eating salty foods, and enjoys drinking beer. He states he is
too tired and busy to exercise.
According to JNC 8 guidelines, what category does this patient's
blood pressure fall into?
What is hypertension a risk factor for?
What lifestyle modifications would you suggest for them?
Name one medication therapy for hypertension and its
mechanism of action. Correct Answers Hypertension stage 2
Atherosclerosis, CAD (MI), heart failure, stroke, peripheral
artery disease
pathophysiology exam 4 cardiovascular) Questions With
Complete Solutions
_____ are a group of inherited disorders of hemoglobin
synthesis common among Mediterranean populations. Correct
Answers thalassemias
1. Explain how ventricular hypertrophy is an adaptive
mechanism:
2. What happens during exercise in someone with coronary
artery disease? Correct Answers 1. An increase in wall stress
can be caused by an increase in preload or afterload. Ventricular
hypertrophy is an adaptive mechanism by which the ventricle
can offset the increase in wall stress. OR Blood pressure
elevation increases the workload of the left ventricle by
increasing the pressure against which the heart must pump as it
ejects blood into the systemic circulation. Over time, the left
ventricle hypertrophies to compensate for the increased pressure
and work.
2. During exertion, the heart beats harder and faster to supply
oxygen to the muscles. The coronary vessels vasodilate and
increase blood flow to the cardiac muscle to meet its increased
demand for oxygen. With atherosclerotic disease, the coronary
vessel lumens are narrowed and blood supply to the heart is
diminished. With exertion, the vessels cannot adequately
vasodilate. This can manifest as chest pain or tightness and/or
shortness of breath.
, 1. Hypertension is often called "the silent killer." By the time
symptoms of hypertension occur, the complications can affect
the kidneys, heart, eyes, and blood vessels. What is this term
called?
2. Left ventricular hypertrophy is a major risk factor for what
other diseases? Name at least 2. Correct Answers 1. Target-
organ damage
2. coronary heart disease, cardiac dysrhythmias, congestive heart
failure, and sudden death.
A 40-year-old woman is hospitalized with a chronic illness
characterized by hepatomegaly, distended neck veins, and
peripheral edema. Which of the following disorders is the most
likely cause of these findings? Correct Answers right heart
failure
A 45-year-old man has a blood pressure at a screening program
of 142/90. His father has a history of hypertension and heart
attack. His grandfather died of a stroke. He is 20 lbs overweight,
likes eating salty foods, and enjoys drinking beer. He states he is
too tired and busy to exercise.
According to JNC 8 guidelines, what category does this patient's
blood pressure fall into?
What is hypertension a risk factor for?
What lifestyle modifications would you suggest for them?
Name one medication therapy for hypertension and its
mechanism of action. Correct Answers Hypertension stage 2
Atherosclerosis, CAD (MI), heart failure, stroke, peripheral
artery disease
