Fundamentals of Nursing - Exam 1
with Answers 2025-2026.
What are the most important roles of the nurse (5) - Answer
Caregiver
Advocate
Educator
Researcher
Leader
What are the 5 steps in the nursing process? - Answer
(1) Assessment
(2) Nursing Diagnosis
(3) Planning
(4) Implementation
(5) Evaluation
*** All of the above require critical thinking!
,Define Assessment - Answer Collects comprehensive data pertinent to the patient's health and/or
situation.
- info medical personnel can look at
- begins the moment you walk through the door
Can the RN provide subjective information about patient? - Answer NO! Only the patient can give
subjective info.
OBJECTIVE info is what the RN sees, hears, or smells
What is the Diagnosis phase? - Answer Analyze the assessment and make a clinical judgement related
to an ACTUAL or POTENTIAL health problem.
** Nurses have to be aware of potential risks based on health problems.
** Also collaborate with other specialists to manage the problem(s)
What are the three phases of a Nursing Diagnosis? - Answer First info → Related to → as evidence by
WHAT is the problem?
WHY is it a problem?
WHAT is the evidence of that problem?
Ex:
"Acute pain → related to surgical incision → as evidence by patient report (or as evidence by crying)"
What are the OUTCOMES IDENTIFICATION? - Answer This is the statement of how a patient's status will
change once interventions have been successfully instituted
,Identify the expected outcomes when planning for the patient's individual situation.
Interventions must be measurable criterion indicating that objectives have been met.
Define the PLANNING stage of the nursing process - Answer Develops a plan that prescribes strategies
and alternatives to attain expected outcomes.
- Prioritize strategies
- Goals (statement that describes the aim if the nursing care) should be short term and long term
Describe IMPLEMENTATION of the nursing process - Answer The actions to facilitate positive patient
outcomes
What three skills are needed in order to implement goals? - Answer Cognitive
Personal
Psychomotor
Describe the EVALUATION phase of the nursing process - Answer This describes how well the patients’
needs were met (or not met).
Done through reassessment
What percentage of all communication is nonverbal? - Answer 90%
What two characteristics should nurses always exude? - Answer CARING
COMPETENCE
, How is communication used in the Assessment phase of the nursing process? - Answer Verbal
interviewing and history taking
Visual and intuitive observation of nonverbal behavior
Visual, tactile, and auditory data gathering during physical examination.
Written medical records, diagnostic tests, and literature review.
Define REFERENT - Answer The referent motivates one person to communicate with another.
Examples of referents: sights, sounds, odors, time schedules, messages, objects, emotions, sensations,
perceptions, ideas, etc.
Define SENDER in communication - Answer The person who encodes and delivers the message.
Sender puts ideas or feelings into form that is transmitted and is responsible for accuracy and emotional
tone of message content
What is the RECEIVER in the communication process? - Answer The person who receives and decodes
the message
** senders message acts as a referent for the receiver, who is responsible for attending to, translating,
and responding to the message.
MESSAGE in communication process - Answer Content of communication.... verbal, nonverbal &
symbolic language.
CHANNELS in communication process - Answer These are the means of conveying the message through
visual, auditory, and tactile senses.
with Answers 2025-2026.
What are the most important roles of the nurse (5) - Answer
Caregiver
Advocate
Educator
Researcher
Leader
What are the 5 steps in the nursing process? - Answer
(1) Assessment
(2) Nursing Diagnosis
(3) Planning
(4) Implementation
(5) Evaluation
*** All of the above require critical thinking!
,Define Assessment - Answer Collects comprehensive data pertinent to the patient's health and/or
situation.
- info medical personnel can look at
- begins the moment you walk through the door
Can the RN provide subjective information about patient? - Answer NO! Only the patient can give
subjective info.
OBJECTIVE info is what the RN sees, hears, or smells
What is the Diagnosis phase? - Answer Analyze the assessment and make a clinical judgement related
to an ACTUAL or POTENTIAL health problem.
** Nurses have to be aware of potential risks based on health problems.
** Also collaborate with other specialists to manage the problem(s)
What are the three phases of a Nursing Diagnosis? - Answer First info → Related to → as evidence by
WHAT is the problem?
WHY is it a problem?
WHAT is the evidence of that problem?
Ex:
"Acute pain → related to surgical incision → as evidence by patient report (or as evidence by crying)"
What are the OUTCOMES IDENTIFICATION? - Answer This is the statement of how a patient's status will
change once interventions have been successfully instituted
,Identify the expected outcomes when planning for the patient's individual situation.
Interventions must be measurable criterion indicating that objectives have been met.
Define the PLANNING stage of the nursing process - Answer Develops a plan that prescribes strategies
and alternatives to attain expected outcomes.
- Prioritize strategies
- Goals (statement that describes the aim if the nursing care) should be short term and long term
Describe IMPLEMENTATION of the nursing process - Answer The actions to facilitate positive patient
outcomes
What three skills are needed in order to implement goals? - Answer Cognitive
Personal
Psychomotor
Describe the EVALUATION phase of the nursing process - Answer This describes how well the patients’
needs were met (or not met).
Done through reassessment
What percentage of all communication is nonverbal? - Answer 90%
What two characteristics should nurses always exude? - Answer CARING
COMPETENCE
, How is communication used in the Assessment phase of the nursing process? - Answer Verbal
interviewing and history taking
Visual and intuitive observation of nonverbal behavior
Visual, tactile, and auditory data gathering during physical examination.
Written medical records, diagnostic tests, and literature review.
Define REFERENT - Answer The referent motivates one person to communicate with another.
Examples of referents: sights, sounds, odors, time schedules, messages, objects, emotions, sensations,
perceptions, ideas, etc.
Define SENDER in communication - Answer The person who encodes and delivers the message.
Sender puts ideas or feelings into form that is transmitted and is responsible for accuracy and emotional
tone of message content
What is the RECEIVER in the communication process? - Answer The person who receives and decodes
the message
** senders message acts as a referent for the receiver, who is responsible for attending to, translating,
and responding to the message.
MESSAGE in communication process - Answer Content of communication.... verbal, nonverbal &
symbolic language.
CHANNELS in communication process - Answer These are the means of conveying the message through
visual, auditory, and tactile senses.
