SCI 220 Human Anatomy FINAL EXAM
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1. Anatomy - ANSWER study of the structure of an organism and the
relationships of its parts
2. Physiology - ANSWER the science that deals with the functions of the
living organism and its parts
3. List the order of increasing complexity the levels of organization of the body
- ANSWER chemical, organelle, cellular, tissue, organ, system
4. Chemical level - ANSWER There are more than 100 different chemical
building blocks of nature called atoms.
Combinations of atoms form larger chemical groupings, called molecules.
Molecules, in turn, often combine with other atoms and molecules to form
larger and more complex chemicals, called macromolecules.
Unless proper relationships among chemical elements are maintained, death
results.
5. Organelle Level - ANSWER Chemical structures may be organized within
larger units called cells to form various structures called organelles organelle
may be defined as a structure made of molecules organized in such a way
that it can perform a specific function. Organelles are the "tiny organs" that
, allow each cell to live. Organelles cannot survive outside the cell, but
without organelles the cell itself could not survive either.
Mitochondria—the "powerhouses" of cells that provide energy needed by
the cell to carry on day-to-day function-ing, growth, and repair
• Golgi apparatus—set of sacs that provides a "packaging" service to
the cell by storing material for future internal use or for export from
the cell
• Endoplasmic reticulum (ER)—network of channels within the cell
that act as "highways" for the movement of chemicals and as sites for
chemical processing
6. Cellular Level - ANSWER Cells are the smallest and most numerous
structural units that possess and exhibit the basic characteristics of living
matter.
Each cell is surrounded by a membrane and is characterized by a single
nucleus surrounded by cytoplasm that includes the numerous organelles
required for the normal processes of living. Although all cells have certain
features in common, they special-ize or differentiate to perform unique
functions. Fat cells, for ex-ample, are structurally modified to permit the
storage of fats, whereas other cells, such as cardiac muscle cells, are able to
contract with great force.
Muscle, bone, nerve, and blood cells are other examples of structurally and
functionally unique cells
7. Tissue Level - ANSWER a group of a great many similar cells that all
developed together from the same part of the embryo and all perform a
certain function.
Tissue cells are surrounded by varying amounts and kinds of nonliving,
intercellular substances, or the matrix.
Tissues are the "fabric" of the body.
There are four major or principal tissue types: epithelial, connec-tive,
muscle, and nervous.
,8. Organ Level - ANSWER structure made up of several different kinds of
tissues arranged so that, together, they can perform a special function.
If tissues are the "fabric" of the body, an organ is like an item of clothing
with a specific function made up of different fabrics. The heart is an
example of the organ level: muscle and connective tissues give it shape and
pump blood; epithelial tissues line the cavities, or chambers; and nervous
tissues permit control of the pumping con-tractions of the heart.
Each organ has a unique shape, size, appearance, and placement in the body,
and each can be identified by the pattern of tissues that form it. The lungs,
heart, brain, kidneys, liver, and spleen are all examples of organs.
9. Explain why an understanding of basic chemistry is important in the study of
life processes - ANSWER anatomy and physiology are subdivisions of
biology—the study of life. To best under-stand the characteristics of life,
what living matter is, how it is organized, and what it can do, we must
appreciate and understand certain basic principles of chemistry that apply to
the life process
10.Explain the relationship among elements, compounds, atoms, and molecules
- ANSWER Atoms- are the building blocks of everything.
Elements- are pure substances made of only one type of atom.
Molecules- are combinations of atoms bonded together, and they can be
elements (like O₂) or compounds (like H₂O).
Compounds- are substances made from two or more different elements
chemically bonded together.
In essence, elements consist of atoms, and compounds are made of
molecules, which in turn are made of atoms from different elements.
11.Elements and Compounds - ANSWER Matter—anything that has mass and
occupies space
, Element—simple form of matter, a substance that cannot be broken down
into two or more different substances
a. There are 26 elements in the human body
b. There are 11 major elements, 4 of which (carbon, oxygen,
hydrogen, and nitrogen) make up 96% of the human body
c. There are 15 trace elements that make up less than 2% of
body weight
Compound—atoms of two or more elements joined to form chemical
combinations
12.The inguinal region lies:
On the external genitals
Where the thigh joins the trunk
Anterior to elbow joint
On the anterior neck - ANSWER Where the thigh joins the truink
13.Muscles are ________ to the skin:
Superior
Lateral
Anterior
Proximal
Deep - ANSWER Deep
14.T/F The dorsal body cavity is subdivided into a cranial cavity and spinal
cavity? - ANSWER True
15.Anatomy is defined ad the study of the ________ of a living organism:
PREP 2026/2027 ACCURATE QUESTIONS
WITH VERIFIED CORRECT ANSWERS ||
100% GUARANTEED PASS
<BRAND NEW VERSION>
1. Anatomy - ANSWER study of the structure of an organism and the
relationships of its parts
2. Physiology - ANSWER the science that deals with the functions of the
living organism and its parts
3. List the order of increasing complexity the levels of organization of the body
- ANSWER chemical, organelle, cellular, tissue, organ, system
4. Chemical level - ANSWER There are more than 100 different chemical
building blocks of nature called atoms.
Combinations of atoms form larger chemical groupings, called molecules.
Molecules, in turn, often combine with other atoms and molecules to form
larger and more complex chemicals, called macromolecules.
Unless proper relationships among chemical elements are maintained, death
results.
5. Organelle Level - ANSWER Chemical structures may be organized within
larger units called cells to form various structures called organelles organelle
may be defined as a structure made of molecules organized in such a way
that it can perform a specific function. Organelles are the "tiny organs" that
, allow each cell to live. Organelles cannot survive outside the cell, but
without organelles the cell itself could not survive either.
Mitochondria—the "powerhouses" of cells that provide energy needed by
the cell to carry on day-to-day function-ing, growth, and repair
• Golgi apparatus—set of sacs that provides a "packaging" service to
the cell by storing material for future internal use or for export from
the cell
• Endoplasmic reticulum (ER)—network of channels within the cell
that act as "highways" for the movement of chemicals and as sites for
chemical processing
6. Cellular Level - ANSWER Cells are the smallest and most numerous
structural units that possess and exhibit the basic characteristics of living
matter.
Each cell is surrounded by a membrane and is characterized by a single
nucleus surrounded by cytoplasm that includes the numerous organelles
required for the normal processes of living. Although all cells have certain
features in common, they special-ize or differentiate to perform unique
functions. Fat cells, for ex-ample, are structurally modified to permit the
storage of fats, whereas other cells, such as cardiac muscle cells, are able to
contract with great force.
Muscle, bone, nerve, and blood cells are other examples of structurally and
functionally unique cells
7. Tissue Level - ANSWER a group of a great many similar cells that all
developed together from the same part of the embryo and all perform a
certain function.
Tissue cells are surrounded by varying amounts and kinds of nonliving,
intercellular substances, or the matrix.
Tissues are the "fabric" of the body.
There are four major or principal tissue types: epithelial, connec-tive,
muscle, and nervous.
,8. Organ Level - ANSWER structure made up of several different kinds of
tissues arranged so that, together, they can perform a special function.
If tissues are the "fabric" of the body, an organ is like an item of clothing
with a specific function made up of different fabrics. The heart is an
example of the organ level: muscle and connective tissues give it shape and
pump blood; epithelial tissues line the cavities, or chambers; and nervous
tissues permit control of the pumping con-tractions of the heart.
Each organ has a unique shape, size, appearance, and placement in the body,
and each can be identified by the pattern of tissues that form it. The lungs,
heart, brain, kidneys, liver, and spleen are all examples of organs.
9. Explain why an understanding of basic chemistry is important in the study of
life processes - ANSWER anatomy and physiology are subdivisions of
biology—the study of life. To best under-stand the characteristics of life,
what living matter is, how it is organized, and what it can do, we must
appreciate and understand certain basic principles of chemistry that apply to
the life process
10.Explain the relationship among elements, compounds, atoms, and molecules
- ANSWER Atoms- are the building blocks of everything.
Elements- are pure substances made of only one type of atom.
Molecules- are combinations of atoms bonded together, and they can be
elements (like O₂) or compounds (like H₂O).
Compounds- are substances made from two or more different elements
chemically bonded together.
In essence, elements consist of atoms, and compounds are made of
molecules, which in turn are made of atoms from different elements.
11.Elements and Compounds - ANSWER Matter—anything that has mass and
occupies space
, Element—simple form of matter, a substance that cannot be broken down
into two or more different substances
a. There are 26 elements in the human body
b. There are 11 major elements, 4 of which (carbon, oxygen,
hydrogen, and nitrogen) make up 96% of the human body
c. There are 15 trace elements that make up less than 2% of
body weight
Compound—atoms of two or more elements joined to form chemical
combinations
12.The inguinal region lies:
On the external genitals
Where the thigh joins the trunk
Anterior to elbow joint
On the anterior neck - ANSWER Where the thigh joins the truink
13.Muscles are ________ to the skin:
Superior
Lateral
Anterior
Proximal
Deep - ANSWER Deep
14.T/F The dorsal body cavity is subdivided into a cranial cavity and spinal
cavity? - ANSWER True
15.Anatomy is defined ad the study of the ________ of a living organism:
