CRITICAL THINKING AND LOGIC
EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
GRADED A+ 2025/2026
What is critical thinking - ANS an intellectual model for understanding issues and forming
reasonable and informed views on them.
What does critical thinking embody - ANS A set of reasoning skills that, when properly
applied, can help us determine what we should believe (i.e., what warrants our belief) and how
we should act.
We stand to _____ in all aspects of our lives when we think _____. - ANS Benefit, Critically
Critical thinking is a model that helps us _____ an issue or problem through _____ and _____ to
persist beyond the easiest, quickest, or most obvious conclusion to arrive at a _____ conclusion.
- ANS Contemplate, Deep analysis, Questioning, Well-reasoned
Leading experts in critical thinking - ANS Richard Paul and Linda Elder (wrote "Critical
Thinking: Tools for Taking Charge of Your Learning and Your Life")
What are the three interlinking dimensions of critical thinking - ANS Analyzing one's own
thinking to:
1. Break it down into its component parts.
2. Identify its weaknesses while recognizing its strengths.
3. Reconstructing it to make it better.
1 @COPYRIGHT 2025/2026 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED.
,We maximize the quality of our thinking when we learn how to _____. - ANS Critique it on
our own
How does the thinking person become an effective self-critic - ANS By making a commitment
to learning about thinking.
Critical thinking demands _____. - ANS Hard intellectual work.
One cannot improve the quality of one's thinking without_____. - ANS A willingness to
undertake the necessary intellectual "heavy lifting"
How does one develop as a critical thinker - ANS It starts with Consciously noticing how one's
thinking operates. Then it involves a commitment to recognizing strengths and weaknesses.
Critical thinking provides the _____ and _____ the intellectual skills needed to reason through
anything in life that _____. - ANS Tools, Fosters, Demands thought
_____ is the most obstinate barrier to improved thinking - ANS Egocentrism
To think critically is to....: - ANS Analyze, assess, and reconstruct one's own thinking in order
to improve its quality
Critical thinking is characteristically: - ANS Self-directed, Self-disciplined, Self-monitored, Self-
corrective.
Critical thinking demands a commitment to surmounting which two barriers native to everyone
- ANS Egocentrism, sociocentrism
In reasoning through any problem a well-cultivated critical thinker: - ANS Raises vital
questions
2 @COPYRIGHT 2025/2026 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED.
, Gathers and assesses relevant information
Reaches well-reasoned conclusions and solutions
Thinks open-mindedly
Communicates effectively with others
Characteristics of first-order thinking - ANS Spontaneous and non-reflective
Contains insight, prejudice, good and bad reasoning
Indiscriminately combined
Define second-order thinking - ANS first-order thinking that is consciously realized (analyzed,
assessed, and reconstructed)
Critical thinking can be directed toward either_____ or _____. - ANS Self-centeredness, Fair-
mindedness
The critical thinker should strive to become a _____. - ANS Fair-minded thinker
It is important to recognize that critical thinking skills can just as easily be _____ as _____. -
ANS Selfish, Fair-minded
Define weak-sense critical thinking - ANS Thinking that does not consider counter viewpoints,
that lacks fair-mindedness and that uses critical thinking skills simply to defend current beliefs
Define strong-sense critical thinking - ANS Thinking that uses critical thinking skills to
evaluate all beliefs, especially one's own, and that pursues what is intellectually fair and just.
Weak-sense critical thinkers: - ANS Ignore the flaws in their own thinking, often seek to win
an argument through intellectual trickery or deceit
3 @COPYRIGHT 2025/2026 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED.
EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
GRADED A+ 2025/2026
What is critical thinking - ANS an intellectual model for understanding issues and forming
reasonable and informed views on them.
What does critical thinking embody - ANS A set of reasoning skills that, when properly
applied, can help us determine what we should believe (i.e., what warrants our belief) and how
we should act.
We stand to _____ in all aspects of our lives when we think _____. - ANS Benefit, Critically
Critical thinking is a model that helps us _____ an issue or problem through _____ and _____ to
persist beyond the easiest, quickest, or most obvious conclusion to arrive at a _____ conclusion.
- ANS Contemplate, Deep analysis, Questioning, Well-reasoned
Leading experts in critical thinking - ANS Richard Paul and Linda Elder (wrote "Critical
Thinking: Tools for Taking Charge of Your Learning and Your Life")
What are the three interlinking dimensions of critical thinking - ANS Analyzing one's own
thinking to:
1. Break it down into its component parts.
2. Identify its weaknesses while recognizing its strengths.
3. Reconstructing it to make it better.
1 @COPYRIGHT 2025/2026 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED.
,We maximize the quality of our thinking when we learn how to _____. - ANS Critique it on
our own
How does the thinking person become an effective self-critic - ANS By making a commitment
to learning about thinking.
Critical thinking demands _____. - ANS Hard intellectual work.
One cannot improve the quality of one's thinking without_____. - ANS A willingness to
undertake the necessary intellectual "heavy lifting"
How does one develop as a critical thinker - ANS It starts with Consciously noticing how one's
thinking operates. Then it involves a commitment to recognizing strengths and weaknesses.
Critical thinking provides the _____ and _____ the intellectual skills needed to reason through
anything in life that _____. - ANS Tools, Fosters, Demands thought
_____ is the most obstinate barrier to improved thinking - ANS Egocentrism
To think critically is to....: - ANS Analyze, assess, and reconstruct one's own thinking in order
to improve its quality
Critical thinking is characteristically: - ANS Self-directed, Self-disciplined, Self-monitored, Self-
corrective.
Critical thinking demands a commitment to surmounting which two barriers native to everyone
- ANS Egocentrism, sociocentrism
In reasoning through any problem a well-cultivated critical thinker: - ANS Raises vital
questions
2 @COPYRIGHT 2025/2026 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED.
, Gathers and assesses relevant information
Reaches well-reasoned conclusions and solutions
Thinks open-mindedly
Communicates effectively with others
Characteristics of first-order thinking - ANS Spontaneous and non-reflective
Contains insight, prejudice, good and bad reasoning
Indiscriminately combined
Define second-order thinking - ANS first-order thinking that is consciously realized (analyzed,
assessed, and reconstructed)
Critical thinking can be directed toward either_____ or _____. - ANS Self-centeredness, Fair-
mindedness
The critical thinker should strive to become a _____. - ANS Fair-minded thinker
It is important to recognize that critical thinking skills can just as easily be _____ as _____. -
ANS Selfish, Fair-minded
Define weak-sense critical thinking - ANS Thinking that does not consider counter viewpoints,
that lacks fair-mindedness and that uses critical thinking skills simply to defend current beliefs
Define strong-sense critical thinking - ANS Thinking that uses critical thinking skills to
evaluate all beliefs, especially one's own, and that pursues what is intellectually fair and just.
Weak-sense critical thinkers: - ANS Ignore the flaws in their own thinking, often seek to win
an argument through intellectual trickery or deceit
3 @COPYRIGHT 2025/2026 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED.
