MSU CEM 141 FINAL STUDY GUIDE
2026
Scientific Questions can be answered by... - ANSWERS-Doing experiments
-Making observations
-Taking measurements
Atomic number= - ANSWERSNumber of protons
Dalton's Atomic Theory - ANSWERS1) Elements are composed of atoms.
2) Atoms of same element are identical, and have the same mass and properties.
3) Atoms of a given element are different from atoms of other elements.
4) Compounds are formed by combinations of atoms of two or more elements.
5) Chemical reactions are due to the rearrangements of atoms, atoms (matter) are
neither created nor destroyed during a reaction.
Cathode Ray Tube - ANSWERSGlass tube consisting of 2 electrodes under very low
pressure. When a high voltage is applied, cathode emits "particles" that move toward
anode.
Thomson's Experiments showed - ANSWERS1. Particles emerge from one disc and
move to the other
2. Particles could be deflected by electrical fields or magnetic fields
3. Particles carried the electrical charge
Number of electrons = - ANSWERSNumber of protons
4 Known fundamental forces are - ANSWERSGravity, Electromagnetic, Strong Nuclear
Force, and Weak Nuclear Force.
The electromagnetic force is mediated by the - ANSWERSElectric and Magnetic Fields
Electromagnetic force > - ANSWERSGravity
Coulomb's law represents - ANSWERSThe force between charges
What is Energy? - ANSWERSWe don't know but changes in energy are caused by
changes in forces.
System - ANSWERSPart of the universe you are looking at
Surroundings - ANSWERSEverything else in the universe
, Kinetic Energy is energy associated with - ANSWERSMotion.
Potential Energy - ANSWERS1. Energy associated with the position of system of
objects in a field.
2. Must be 2 or more objects
3. Must be a field.
How many atoms must be present for LDFs to exist? - ANSWERS2 or more.
As atoms approach each other... - ANSWERSPotential energy decreases
When atoms overlap - ANSWERSPotential energy increases
What happens when you add thermal energy to the He atoms? - ANSWERS1. Kinetic
energy increases, they move faster, they collide and vibrate with more energy.
2. Once they vibrate to a certain point they fly apart
Thermal Energy is - ANSWERSA measure of the average kinetic energy of the atoms.
Temperature is - ANSWERSDirectly related to average kinetic energy.
What happens when you break an interaction between atoms? - ANSWERSEnergy is
absorbed into the system.
LDFs - ANSWERS1. Increase with size of a particle (# of e-)
2. Increase with surface area
3. Temporary Fluctuating Dipoles
4. FOR NONPOLAR MOLECULES IT'S THE ONLY IMF
5. Present in all substances in the solid and liquid states
Electrons were discovered by who? - ANSWERSJJ Thompson
Electrons were discovered before - ANSWERSNeutrons and protons
What is the evidence from Thomson's experiment that all atoms contain electrons? -
ANSWERSThe particles were identical regardless of the identity of the cathode.
Alpha Particle has - ANSWERS2 protons and 2 neutrons
Rutherford's Model was called - ANSWERSThe Planetary Model/ Nuclear Model
Thomson's Model was called - ANSWERSPlum pudding model
Neutrons were discovered by - ANSWERSJames Chadwick
Neutrons are - ANSWERS1. In nucleus
2026
Scientific Questions can be answered by... - ANSWERS-Doing experiments
-Making observations
-Taking measurements
Atomic number= - ANSWERSNumber of protons
Dalton's Atomic Theory - ANSWERS1) Elements are composed of atoms.
2) Atoms of same element are identical, and have the same mass and properties.
3) Atoms of a given element are different from atoms of other elements.
4) Compounds are formed by combinations of atoms of two or more elements.
5) Chemical reactions are due to the rearrangements of atoms, atoms (matter) are
neither created nor destroyed during a reaction.
Cathode Ray Tube - ANSWERSGlass tube consisting of 2 electrodes under very low
pressure. When a high voltage is applied, cathode emits "particles" that move toward
anode.
Thomson's Experiments showed - ANSWERS1. Particles emerge from one disc and
move to the other
2. Particles could be deflected by electrical fields or magnetic fields
3. Particles carried the electrical charge
Number of electrons = - ANSWERSNumber of protons
4 Known fundamental forces are - ANSWERSGravity, Electromagnetic, Strong Nuclear
Force, and Weak Nuclear Force.
The electromagnetic force is mediated by the - ANSWERSElectric and Magnetic Fields
Electromagnetic force > - ANSWERSGravity
Coulomb's law represents - ANSWERSThe force between charges
What is Energy? - ANSWERSWe don't know but changes in energy are caused by
changes in forces.
System - ANSWERSPart of the universe you are looking at
Surroundings - ANSWERSEverything else in the universe
, Kinetic Energy is energy associated with - ANSWERSMotion.
Potential Energy - ANSWERS1. Energy associated with the position of system of
objects in a field.
2. Must be 2 or more objects
3. Must be a field.
How many atoms must be present for LDFs to exist? - ANSWERS2 or more.
As atoms approach each other... - ANSWERSPotential energy decreases
When atoms overlap - ANSWERSPotential energy increases
What happens when you add thermal energy to the He atoms? - ANSWERS1. Kinetic
energy increases, they move faster, they collide and vibrate with more energy.
2. Once they vibrate to a certain point they fly apart
Thermal Energy is - ANSWERSA measure of the average kinetic energy of the atoms.
Temperature is - ANSWERSDirectly related to average kinetic energy.
What happens when you break an interaction between atoms? - ANSWERSEnergy is
absorbed into the system.
LDFs - ANSWERS1. Increase with size of a particle (# of e-)
2. Increase with surface area
3. Temporary Fluctuating Dipoles
4. FOR NONPOLAR MOLECULES IT'S THE ONLY IMF
5. Present in all substances in the solid and liquid states
Electrons were discovered by who? - ANSWERSJJ Thompson
Electrons were discovered before - ANSWERSNeutrons and protons
What is the evidence from Thomson's experiment that all atoms contain electrons? -
ANSWERSThe particles were identical regardless of the identity of the cathode.
Alpha Particle has - ANSWERS2 protons and 2 neutrons
Rutherford's Model was called - ANSWERSThe Planetary Model/ Nuclear Model
Thomson's Model was called - ANSWERSPlum pudding model
Neutrons were discovered by - ANSWERSJames Chadwick
Neutrons are - ANSWERS1. In nucleus
