NUR 102 Fundamentals Test 1 v v v v
temperature
pulse
respiration
blood pressure v v
pain (often included as the 5th vital sign)
v v v v v v v
pulse oximetry( often included in hospitalized patients) - ANSWER-✔✔Vital signs include
v v v v v v v v v v
Measurements of the body's most basic functions and useful in detecting or monitoring medical problems. -
v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v
ANSWER-✔✔vital signs
v v
the difference between the amount of heat produced by the body and the amount of heat lost to the
v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v
environment measured in degrees - ANSWER-✔✔Temperature
v v v v v v
35.9˚C to 38°C (97.6°F to 100.5°F) - ANSWER-✔✔Normal body temperatures
v v v v v v v v v
age-body temps in older adults may be lower than the average adult temperature
v v v v v v v v v v v v v
Sex- women tend to experience more fluctuations in body temperature than men
v v v v v v v v v v v
Physical activity- physical exertion increases body temp
v v v v v v
,State of health- disease and other health problems may result in alterations of body temp
v v v v v v v v v v v v v v
Environmental temps- exposed to cold temps causing heat loss can lead to hypothermia. exposed to
v v v v v v v v v v v v v v
extremes of heat it can cause hyperthermia
v v v v v v v
Time of day (circadian rhythm)- body temperature is usually 0.6°C (1.0 to 2.0°F) lower in the early morning
v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v
than in the late afternoon and early evening - ANSWER-✔✔Temperature can have affects on
v v v v v v v v v v v v v v
metabolism
epinephrine and norepinephrine can be released to maintain balance v v v v v v v v
Thyroid hormone can increase metabolism and heat production
v v v v v v v
Shivering can increase production of heat - ANSWER-✔✔Primary source of heat
v v v v v v v v v v
(goosebumps) in cold conditions, arrector pili muscles contract, causeing the hairs of the skin to stand up on
v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v
end - ANSWER-✔✔Piloerection
v v v
metabolism - ANSWER-✔✔Primary source of heat loss v v v v v v
maintained within a fairly constant range by the thermoregulatory set point of the thermoregulatory center
v v v v v v v v v v v v v v
in the hypothalamus - ANSWER-✔✔core body temperature
v v v v v v v
diffusion or dissemination of heat by electromagnetic waves
v v v v v v v
v - body gives off waves of heat from uncovered surfaces - ANSWER-✔✔Radiation
v v v v v v v v v v v
Dissemination of heat by motion between areas of unequal density v v v v v v v v v
v - Oscillating fan blows current soft cool air across the surface of a warm body - ANSWER-✔✔Convection
v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v
,Conversion of liquid to a vapor v v v v v
v - Perspiration and insensible loss is vaporized from the skin - ANSWER-✔✔Evaporation
v v v v v v v v v v v
Transfer of heat to another object during direct contact
v v v v v v v v
v - Body transfers heat to an ice pack, causing the ice to melt - ANSWER-✔✔Conduction
v v v v v v v v v v v v v v
Person with normal body temperature - ANSWER-✔✔afebrile
v v v v v v
above normal body temperature - ANSWER-✔✔Pyrexia
v v v v v
fever greater than 41°C (106°F)
v v v v v
body must be cooled rapidly to prevent brain damage - ANSWER-✔✔hyperpyrexia
v v v v v v v v v v
The body temperature returns to normal at least once every 24 hours - ANSWER-✔✔intermittent fever
v v v v v v v v v v v v v v
the body temperature does not return to normal and fluctuates a few degrees up or down - ANSWER-
v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v
✔✔Remittent fever v
temp remains above normal with minimal variations - ANSWER-✔✔sustained/continuous fever
v v v v v v v v v
The body temperature returns to normal for one or more days with one or more episodes of fever, each as
v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v
long as several days. - ANSWER-✔✔relapsing or recurrent fever
v v v v v v v v v
Abnormally high body temperature - ANSWER-✔✔Hyperthermia v v v v v
, result of damage to the hypothalamus from pathologies such as intracranial trauma, intracranial bleeding,
v v v v v v v v v v v v v
or increased intracranial pressure - ANSWER-✔✔neurogenic fever
v v v v v v v
fever with an undetermined cause that last for 3 weeks or longer - ANSWER-✔✔fever of unknown origin
v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v
loss of appetitev v v
headache v
dry skin v
flushed face v
thirst v
muscle aches v v
fatigue v
respiration increase v v
pulse increase - ANSWER-✔✔Patients with fever may experience
v v v v v v v
-Antimicrobials only when microbe is present v v v v v
-Antipyretics
-Treat underlying condition v v
- cool sponge baths, cool packs, hypothermia blankets - ANSWER-✔✔Treatment of Fever
v v v v v v v v v v v
alcoholism, malnutrition, hypothyroidism, preoperative patients, newborn infants - ANSWER-✔✔risk of
v v v v v v v v v
hypothermia
v
Probe is placed into the sublingual pocket to asses temperature
v v v v v v v v v
Normal temp 37.5°C (99.7 to 99.5°F) v v v v v
temperature
pulse
respiration
blood pressure v v
pain (often included as the 5th vital sign)
v v v v v v v
pulse oximetry( often included in hospitalized patients) - ANSWER-✔✔Vital signs include
v v v v v v v v v v
Measurements of the body's most basic functions and useful in detecting or monitoring medical problems. -
v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v
ANSWER-✔✔vital signs
v v
the difference between the amount of heat produced by the body and the amount of heat lost to the
v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v
environment measured in degrees - ANSWER-✔✔Temperature
v v v v v v
35.9˚C to 38°C (97.6°F to 100.5°F) - ANSWER-✔✔Normal body temperatures
v v v v v v v v v
age-body temps in older adults may be lower than the average adult temperature
v v v v v v v v v v v v v
Sex- women tend to experience more fluctuations in body temperature than men
v v v v v v v v v v v
Physical activity- physical exertion increases body temp
v v v v v v
,State of health- disease and other health problems may result in alterations of body temp
v v v v v v v v v v v v v v
Environmental temps- exposed to cold temps causing heat loss can lead to hypothermia. exposed to
v v v v v v v v v v v v v v
extremes of heat it can cause hyperthermia
v v v v v v v
Time of day (circadian rhythm)- body temperature is usually 0.6°C (1.0 to 2.0°F) lower in the early morning
v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v
than in the late afternoon and early evening - ANSWER-✔✔Temperature can have affects on
v v v v v v v v v v v v v v
metabolism
epinephrine and norepinephrine can be released to maintain balance v v v v v v v v
Thyroid hormone can increase metabolism and heat production
v v v v v v v
Shivering can increase production of heat - ANSWER-✔✔Primary source of heat
v v v v v v v v v v
(goosebumps) in cold conditions, arrector pili muscles contract, causeing the hairs of the skin to stand up on
v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v
end - ANSWER-✔✔Piloerection
v v v
metabolism - ANSWER-✔✔Primary source of heat loss v v v v v v
maintained within a fairly constant range by the thermoregulatory set point of the thermoregulatory center
v v v v v v v v v v v v v v
in the hypothalamus - ANSWER-✔✔core body temperature
v v v v v v v
diffusion or dissemination of heat by electromagnetic waves
v v v v v v v
v - body gives off waves of heat from uncovered surfaces - ANSWER-✔✔Radiation
v v v v v v v v v v v
Dissemination of heat by motion between areas of unequal density v v v v v v v v v
v - Oscillating fan blows current soft cool air across the surface of a warm body - ANSWER-✔✔Convection
v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v
,Conversion of liquid to a vapor v v v v v
v - Perspiration and insensible loss is vaporized from the skin - ANSWER-✔✔Evaporation
v v v v v v v v v v v
Transfer of heat to another object during direct contact
v v v v v v v v
v - Body transfers heat to an ice pack, causing the ice to melt - ANSWER-✔✔Conduction
v v v v v v v v v v v v v v
Person with normal body temperature - ANSWER-✔✔afebrile
v v v v v v
above normal body temperature - ANSWER-✔✔Pyrexia
v v v v v
fever greater than 41°C (106°F)
v v v v v
body must be cooled rapidly to prevent brain damage - ANSWER-✔✔hyperpyrexia
v v v v v v v v v v
The body temperature returns to normal at least once every 24 hours - ANSWER-✔✔intermittent fever
v v v v v v v v v v v v v v
the body temperature does not return to normal and fluctuates a few degrees up or down - ANSWER-
v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v
✔✔Remittent fever v
temp remains above normal with minimal variations - ANSWER-✔✔sustained/continuous fever
v v v v v v v v v
The body temperature returns to normal for one or more days with one or more episodes of fever, each as
v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v
long as several days. - ANSWER-✔✔relapsing or recurrent fever
v v v v v v v v v
Abnormally high body temperature - ANSWER-✔✔Hyperthermia v v v v v
, result of damage to the hypothalamus from pathologies such as intracranial trauma, intracranial bleeding,
v v v v v v v v v v v v v
or increased intracranial pressure - ANSWER-✔✔neurogenic fever
v v v v v v v
fever with an undetermined cause that last for 3 weeks or longer - ANSWER-✔✔fever of unknown origin
v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v
loss of appetitev v v
headache v
dry skin v
flushed face v
thirst v
muscle aches v v
fatigue v
respiration increase v v
pulse increase - ANSWER-✔✔Patients with fever may experience
v v v v v v v
-Antimicrobials only when microbe is present v v v v v
-Antipyretics
-Treat underlying condition v v
- cool sponge baths, cool packs, hypothermia blankets - ANSWER-✔✔Treatment of Fever
v v v v v v v v v v v
alcoholism, malnutrition, hypothyroidism, preoperative patients, newborn infants - ANSWER-✔✔risk of
v v v v v v v v v
hypothermia
v
Probe is placed into the sublingual pocket to asses temperature
v v v v v v v v v
Normal temp 37.5°C (99.7 to 99.5°F) v v v v v
