Pharm 1140 Exam 2 Questions With Complete Solutions
Acetazolamide (Diamox) Correct Answers CAI diuretic.
Increases excretion of bicarbonate, Na, H2O, K. Treats
glaucoma and high altitude sickness. Lowers IOP before
surgery. Contraindications: hyponatremia, hypokalemia, severe
renal/hepatic dysfunction, adrenal gland insufficiency, cirrhosis.
AE's: acidosis, hypokalemia, drowsiness, anorexia, parasthesis,
hematuria, photosensitivity, melena. Increase in digoxin toxicity,
use with corticosteroids may cause hypokalemia. 200-500mg IV
or PO
Albumin Correct Answers Colloid. Natural protein normally
produced in liver. Comes from human donors. Prepared from
pooled blood, plasma, serum or placentas. Contraindications:
HF, severe, anemia, renal insufficiency. IV only 5% and 25%.
AE's: bleeding, altered coagulation. No clotting factors.
Amin Acid Correct Answers Altered amino acid formula.
Contents: varying amounts of specific amino acids. Indications:
for use in patients with diseases associated with altered
metabolic capacities.
Bisacodyl (Dulcolax) Correct Answers Stimulant laxative.
Induces intestinal peristalsis. Used for constipation, or
evacuation for endoscopic exam. OTC. AE's: decreased
absorption of antibiotics, digoxin, nitrofurantoin, salicylates,
tetracyclines, oral anticoagulants. Nutrient absorption,
electrolyte imbalances, discolored urine, rectal irritation. PO 5-
15mg daily. PR 10mg.
, Bismuth subsalicylate (Pepto-Bismol) Correct Answers
Adsorbent antidiarrheal: coats walls of GI. AE's: increased
bleeding time, constipation, dark stools, confusion, tinnitus,
metallic tastes, blue/darkened tongue. Reye's in children that
have/recovering from Chx Pox/Flu. Interactions: decreased
absorption of digoxin, quinidine, hypoglycemic drugs. Toxic
effects with methotrexate. Bruising with Warfarin. OTC. PO
30mL or 2tab
Blood Products Correct Answers Only fluid able to carry
oxygen (hemoglobin). AE's: incompatibility with recipients
immune system, cross match testing, transfusion reactions,
anaphylaxis, transmission of pathogens (HIV, Hepatitis).
Cimetidine (Tagamet) Correct Answers Antacid H2 Receptor
antagonist. Competitively blocks H2 receptor of acid-producing
parietal cells. Not responsive to histamine, increases stomach
pH. Uses: suppresses acid, GERD, peptic ulcer disease (PUD),
erosive esophagitis, controls upper GI bleed. AE's: elderly,
confusion and disorientation, impotence and gynecomastia
(breasts in men). Replaced by rantidine and famotidine due to
interactions.
Cryoprecipitate and plasma factors Correct Answers
management of acute bleeding (greater than 50% slow blood
loss or 20% acutely).
Cyrstalloids Correct Answers Solutions containing fluid and
electrolytes. Do not contain protein. Treats dehydration.
Maintenance fluids to: compensate for loss, replaces fluids,
manage Na, K disturbances, promote decreased flow. Normal
Acetazolamide (Diamox) Correct Answers CAI diuretic.
Increases excretion of bicarbonate, Na, H2O, K. Treats
glaucoma and high altitude sickness. Lowers IOP before
surgery. Contraindications: hyponatremia, hypokalemia, severe
renal/hepatic dysfunction, adrenal gland insufficiency, cirrhosis.
AE's: acidosis, hypokalemia, drowsiness, anorexia, parasthesis,
hematuria, photosensitivity, melena. Increase in digoxin toxicity,
use with corticosteroids may cause hypokalemia. 200-500mg IV
or PO
Albumin Correct Answers Colloid. Natural protein normally
produced in liver. Comes from human donors. Prepared from
pooled blood, plasma, serum or placentas. Contraindications:
HF, severe, anemia, renal insufficiency. IV only 5% and 25%.
AE's: bleeding, altered coagulation. No clotting factors.
Amin Acid Correct Answers Altered amino acid formula.
Contents: varying amounts of specific amino acids. Indications:
for use in patients with diseases associated with altered
metabolic capacities.
Bisacodyl (Dulcolax) Correct Answers Stimulant laxative.
Induces intestinal peristalsis. Used for constipation, or
evacuation for endoscopic exam. OTC. AE's: decreased
absorption of antibiotics, digoxin, nitrofurantoin, salicylates,
tetracyclines, oral anticoagulants. Nutrient absorption,
electrolyte imbalances, discolored urine, rectal irritation. PO 5-
15mg daily. PR 10mg.
, Bismuth subsalicylate (Pepto-Bismol) Correct Answers
Adsorbent antidiarrheal: coats walls of GI. AE's: increased
bleeding time, constipation, dark stools, confusion, tinnitus,
metallic tastes, blue/darkened tongue. Reye's in children that
have/recovering from Chx Pox/Flu. Interactions: decreased
absorption of digoxin, quinidine, hypoglycemic drugs. Toxic
effects with methotrexate. Bruising with Warfarin. OTC. PO
30mL or 2tab
Blood Products Correct Answers Only fluid able to carry
oxygen (hemoglobin). AE's: incompatibility with recipients
immune system, cross match testing, transfusion reactions,
anaphylaxis, transmission of pathogens (HIV, Hepatitis).
Cimetidine (Tagamet) Correct Answers Antacid H2 Receptor
antagonist. Competitively blocks H2 receptor of acid-producing
parietal cells. Not responsive to histamine, increases stomach
pH. Uses: suppresses acid, GERD, peptic ulcer disease (PUD),
erosive esophagitis, controls upper GI bleed. AE's: elderly,
confusion and disorientation, impotence and gynecomastia
(breasts in men). Replaced by rantidine and famotidine due to
interactions.
Cryoprecipitate and plasma factors Correct Answers
management of acute bleeding (greater than 50% slow blood
loss or 20% acutely).
Cyrstalloids Correct Answers Solutions containing fluid and
electrolytes. Do not contain protein. Treats dehydration.
Maintenance fluids to: compensate for loss, replaces fluids,
manage Na, K disturbances, promote decreased flow. Normal
