PATHOPHYSIOLOGY FINAL EXAM REVIEW
Questions and Answers
1. When an aide asks the nurse about the purpose of the
inflammatory process, how should the nurse respond?
a. To lyse cell membranes of microorganisms.
b. To create immunity against subsequent tissue injury.
c. To prevent infection of the injured tissue.
d. To provide specific responses toward antigens.
ANS c
2. The phase of the cell cycle during which the centromeres split
and the sister chromatids are pulled apart is referred to as
a. anaphase.
b. prophase.
c. metaphase.
d. telophase.
ANS a
3. While reading a textbook, a student reads the term apoptosis.
The student recalls that apoptosis is a condition in which cells
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,program themselves to
a. regenerate.
b. die.
c. atrophy.
d. age.
ANS b
4. A 12-year-old male is diagnosed with Klinefelter syndrome. His
karyotype would reveal which of the following?
a. XXY
b. XYY
c. XX
d. XY
ANS a
5. A 30-year-old male was involved in a motor vehicle accident. The
glass from the shattered window cut his face and neck. The scar,
however, was raised and extended beyond the original boundaries
of the wound. This pattern of scarring is caused by impaired
a. nutritional status.
b. contraction.
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,c. epithelialization.
d. collagen synthesis.
ANS d
6. When planning care for a cardiac patient, the nurse knows that in
response to an increased workload, cardiac myocardial cells will
experience hypertrophy which is an
a. increase in size.
b. increase in excitability.
c. decrease in number.
d. decrease in length.
ANS a
7. The nurse identified each of the following clinical manifestations of
inflammation. Which would the nurse classify as a local response?
(select all that apply)
a. Swelling
b. Fever
c. Heat
d. Redness
e. Pain
ANS a,c,d,e
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, 8. Which finding would support the diagnosis of respiratory acidosis?
a. Hyperventilation
b. Pneumonia
c. An increase in non-carbonic acids
d. Vomiting
ANS b
9. A patient wants to know the risk factors for Down syndrome.
What is the nurse's best response?
a. Increased paternal age.
b. Fetal exposure to mutagens in the uterus.
c. Family history of Down syndrome.
d. Pregnancy in women over age 35.
ANS d
10. For a patient with respiratory acidosis, chronic
compensation by the body will include
a. protein buffering.
b. kidney excretion of H+.
c. kidney excretion of HCO3.
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Questions and Answers
1. When an aide asks the nurse about the purpose of the
inflammatory process, how should the nurse respond?
a. To lyse cell membranes of microorganisms.
b. To create immunity against subsequent tissue injury.
c. To prevent infection of the injured tissue.
d. To provide specific responses toward antigens.
ANS c
2. The phase of the cell cycle during which the centromeres split
and the sister chromatids are pulled apart is referred to as
a. anaphase.
b. prophase.
c. metaphase.
d. telophase.
ANS a
3. While reading a textbook, a student reads the term apoptosis.
The student recalls that apoptosis is a condition in which cells
1/
156
,program themselves to
a. regenerate.
b. die.
c. atrophy.
d. age.
ANS b
4. A 12-year-old male is diagnosed with Klinefelter syndrome. His
karyotype would reveal which of the following?
a. XXY
b. XYY
c. XX
d. XY
ANS a
5. A 30-year-old male was involved in a motor vehicle accident. The
glass from the shattered window cut his face and neck. The scar,
however, was raised and extended beyond the original boundaries
of the wound. This pattern of scarring is caused by impaired
a. nutritional status.
b. contraction.
2/
156
,c. epithelialization.
d. collagen synthesis.
ANS d
6. When planning care for a cardiac patient, the nurse knows that in
response to an increased workload, cardiac myocardial cells will
experience hypertrophy which is an
a. increase in size.
b. increase in excitability.
c. decrease in number.
d. decrease in length.
ANS a
7. The nurse identified each of the following clinical manifestations of
inflammation. Which would the nurse classify as a local response?
(select all that apply)
a. Swelling
b. Fever
c. Heat
d. Redness
e. Pain
ANS a,c,d,e
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, 8. Which finding would support the diagnosis of respiratory acidosis?
a. Hyperventilation
b. Pneumonia
c. An increase in non-carbonic acids
d. Vomiting
ANS b
9. A patient wants to know the risk factors for Down syndrome.
What is the nurse's best response?
a. Increased paternal age.
b. Fetal exposure to mutagens in the uterus.
c. Family history of Down syndrome.
d. Pregnancy in women over age 35.
ANS d
10. For a patient with respiratory acidosis, chronic
compensation by the body will include
a. protein buffering.
b. kidney excretion of H+.
c. kidney excretion of HCO3.
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