NURS 320 Exam 1 Questions With Correct
Answers
On |morning |assessment |of |your |patient |in |room |2502 |who |has |severe |burns. |You |notice |that |
fluid |is |starting |to |accumulate |in |his |abdominal |tissue. |You |note |that |his |weight |has |not |
changed |and |his |intake |and |output |is |equal. |What |do |you |suspect?
A)Third |spacing |
B)This |is |normal |and |expected |after |a |burn |and |it |is |benign
C)Document |this |finding |as |non-pitting |abdominal |edema
D)Intravascular |compartment |syndrome |- |ANSWER✔✔✔-A
You |would |suspect |third |spacing. |Third-spacing |is |the |accumulation |of |trapped |extracellular |
fluid |in |a |body |space |as |a |result |in |this |case |of |a |burn. |Third |spacing |can |occur |in |body |spaces |
such |as |the |pericardial, |pleural, |peritoneal, |and |joint |cavities, |bowel, |and |abdomen |after |a |
trauma |or |burn. |It |is |normal |not |to |see |a |change |in |weight |or |abnormal |intake |or |output |
values.
Which |patient |is |at |more |risk |for |an |electrolyte |imbalance?
A)An |8 |month |old |with |a |fever |of |102.3 |'F |and |diarrhea
B)A |55 |year |old |diabetic |with |nausea |and |vomiting |
C)A |5 |year |old |with |RSV
D)A |healthy |87 |year |old |with |intermittent |episodes |of |gout |- |ANSWER✔✔✔-A |
The |8 |month |old |with |a |fever |of |102.3 |'F |and |diarrhea |is |the |correct |answer. |Infants |(age |1 |
and |under) |and |older |adults |are |at |a |higher |risk |of |fluid-related |problems |than |any |other |age |
group. |This |is |because |infants |have |the |highest |amount |of |total |body |fluid |(80% |of |the |body |is
,made |up |of |fluid) |and |if |any |type |of |illness |especially |GI |effects |the |body |this |increases |the |
|
chances |of |an |electrolyte |imbalance.
A |patient |is |admitted |to |the |ER |with |the |following |findings: |heart |rate |of |110 |(thready |upon |
palpation), |80/62 |blood |pressue, |25 |ml/hr |urinary |output, |and |Sodium |level |of |160. |What |
interventions |do |you |expect |the |medical |doctor |to |order |for |this |patient?
A)Restrict |fluid |intake |and |monitor |daily |weights
B)Administer |hypertonic |solution |of |5% |Dextrose |0.45% |Sodium |Chloride |and |monitor |urinary |
output |
C)Administer |hypotonic |IV |fluid |and |administer |sodium |tablets.
D)No |interventions |are |expected |- |ANSWER✔✔✔-B
The |patient |must |be |re-hyrdated |and |the |sodium |levels |should |be |decreased |at |the |same |
time. |So |a |hypertonic |solution |of |5% |dextrose |and |0.45% |NA |will |help |do |this. |The |solution |is |
hypertonic |because |of |the |5% |Dextrose |which |will |rapidly |metabolize |to |the |cells. |When |the |
dextrose |metabolizes |to |the |cells |it |leaves |behind |0.9% |NA |which |acts |as |a |isotonic |solution. |
This |allows |the |0.45% |NA |to |act |as |a |hypotonic |solution |to |repair |the |vascular |compartment. |
After |these |fluids |are |infused |the |patient's |NA |level |should |decrease, |BP |increase, |HR |return |to
|normal |etc. |It |is |a |complicated |physiological |process |because |the |Dextrose |has |unique |
capabilities |when |it |is |metabolized....although |the |solution |is |labeled |as |hypertonic |it |becomes
|a |hypotonic |solution |when |the |Dextrose |is |metabolized |by |the |cells.
After |obtaining |an |EKG |on |a |patient |you |notice |that |ST |depression |is |present |along |with |an |
inverted |T |wave |and |prominent |U |wave. |What |lab |value |would |be |the |cause |of |this |finding?
A)Potassium |level |of |2.2
B)Potassium |level |of |5.6
C)Magnesium |level |of |2.3 |
D)Phoshorus |level |of |2.0 |- |ANSWER✔✔✔-A
Hypokalemia |(normal |potassium |levels |are |3.5 |to |5.1) |will |present |with |these |type |of |EKG |
findings.
, Which |patient |below |would |have |a |potassium |level |of |5.5?
A)A |76 |year |old |who |reports |taking |lasix |four |times |a |day
B)A |patient |with |Addison's |disease
C)A |55 |year |old |woman |who |have |been |vomiting |for |3 |days |consistently
D)A |patient |with |liver |failure |- |ANSWER✔✔✔-B
A |patient |with |Addison |disease |suffers |from |increased |potassium |levels |due |to |adrenal |
insufficiency. |Therefore, |potassium |levels |higher |than |5.1 |may |present |in |patients |with |
Addison's |disease.
You |are |taking |a |patient's |blood |pressure |manually. |As |you |pump |up |the |cuff |above |the |
systolic |pressure |for |a |few |minutes |you |notice |that |the |patient |develop |a |carpal |spasm. |Which
|of |the |following |is |true?
A)This |is |known |as |Trousseau's |Sign |and |is |present |in |patients |with |hypocalemia
B)This |is |known |as |Trousseau's |Sign |and |is |present |in |patients |with |HYPERcalemia
C)This |is |known |as |Chvostek's |Sign |
D)The |patient |is |having |a |normal |nervous |response |to |an |inflating |blood |pressure |cuff |that |is |
inflated |above |the |systolic |pressure |- |ANSWER✔✔✔-A
The |correct |answer |is |"this |is |known |as |Trousseau's |Sign |and |is |present |in |patients |with |
hypocalemia". |Patient's |with |hypokalemia |may |present |with |a |positive |Trousseau's |and |
Chvostek |sign.
Which |patient |is |at |most |risk |for |hypomagnesemia?
A)A |55 |year |old |chronic |alcoholic
B)A |57 |year |old |with |hyperthroidism
C)A |patient |reporting |overuse |of |anatacids |and |laxatives |
Answers
On |morning |assessment |of |your |patient |in |room |2502 |who |has |severe |burns. |You |notice |that |
fluid |is |starting |to |accumulate |in |his |abdominal |tissue. |You |note |that |his |weight |has |not |
changed |and |his |intake |and |output |is |equal. |What |do |you |suspect?
A)Third |spacing |
B)This |is |normal |and |expected |after |a |burn |and |it |is |benign
C)Document |this |finding |as |non-pitting |abdominal |edema
D)Intravascular |compartment |syndrome |- |ANSWER✔✔✔-A
You |would |suspect |third |spacing. |Third-spacing |is |the |accumulation |of |trapped |extracellular |
fluid |in |a |body |space |as |a |result |in |this |case |of |a |burn. |Third |spacing |can |occur |in |body |spaces |
such |as |the |pericardial, |pleural, |peritoneal, |and |joint |cavities, |bowel, |and |abdomen |after |a |
trauma |or |burn. |It |is |normal |not |to |see |a |change |in |weight |or |abnormal |intake |or |output |
values.
Which |patient |is |at |more |risk |for |an |electrolyte |imbalance?
A)An |8 |month |old |with |a |fever |of |102.3 |'F |and |diarrhea
B)A |55 |year |old |diabetic |with |nausea |and |vomiting |
C)A |5 |year |old |with |RSV
D)A |healthy |87 |year |old |with |intermittent |episodes |of |gout |- |ANSWER✔✔✔-A |
The |8 |month |old |with |a |fever |of |102.3 |'F |and |diarrhea |is |the |correct |answer. |Infants |(age |1 |
and |under) |and |older |adults |are |at |a |higher |risk |of |fluid-related |problems |than |any |other |age |
group. |This |is |because |infants |have |the |highest |amount |of |total |body |fluid |(80% |of |the |body |is
,made |up |of |fluid) |and |if |any |type |of |illness |especially |GI |effects |the |body |this |increases |the |
|
chances |of |an |electrolyte |imbalance.
A |patient |is |admitted |to |the |ER |with |the |following |findings: |heart |rate |of |110 |(thready |upon |
palpation), |80/62 |blood |pressue, |25 |ml/hr |urinary |output, |and |Sodium |level |of |160. |What |
interventions |do |you |expect |the |medical |doctor |to |order |for |this |patient?
A)Restrict |fluid |intake |and |monitor |daily |weights
B)Administer |hypertonic |solution |of |5% |Dextrose |0.45% |Sodium |Chloride |and |monitor |urinary |
output |
C)Administer |hypotonic |IV |fluid |and |administer |sodium |tablets.
D)No |interventions |are |expected |- |ANSWER✔✔✔-B
The |patient |must |be |re-hyrdated |and |the |sodium |levels |should |be |decreased |at |the |same |
time. |So |a |hypertonic |solution |of |5% |dextrose |and |0.45% |NA |will |help |do |this. |The |solution |is |
hypertonic |because |of |the |5% |Dextrose |which |will |rapidly |metabolize |to |the |cells. |When |the |
dextrose |metabolizes |to |the |cells |it |leaves |behind |0.9% |NA |which |acts |as |a |isotonic |solution. |
This |allows |the |0.45% |NA |to |act |as |a |hypotonic |solution |to |repair |the |vascular |compartment. |
After |these |fluids |are |infused |the |patient's |NA |level |should |decrease, |BP |increase, |HR |return |to
|normal |etc. |It |is |a |complicated |physiological |process |because |the |Dextrose |has |unique |
capabilities |when |it |is |metabolized....although |the |solution |is |labeled |as |hypertonic |it |becomes
|a |hypotonic |solution |when |the |Dextrose |is |metabolized |by |the |cells.
After |obtaining |an |EKG |on |a |patient |you |notice |that |ST |depression |is |present |along |with |an |
inverted |T |wave |and |prominent |U |wave. |What |lab |value |would |be |the |cause |of |this |finding?
A)Potassium |level |of |2.2
B)Potassium |level |of |5.6
C)Magnesium |level |of |2.3 |
D)Phoshorus |level |of |2.0 |- |ANSWER✔✔✔-A
Hypokalemia |(normal |potassium |levels |are |3.5 |to |5.1) |will |present |with |these |type |of |EKG |
findings.
, Which |patient |below |would |have |a |potassium |level |of |5.5?
A)A |76 |year |old |who |reports |taking |lasix |four |times |a |day
B)A |patient |with |Addison's |disease
C)A |55 |year |old |woman |who |have |been |vomiting |for |3 |days |consistently
D)A |patient |with |liver |failure |- |ANSWER✔✔✔-B
A |patient |with |Addison |disease |suffers |from |increased |potassium |levels |due |to |adrenal |
insufficiency. |Therefore, |potassium |levels |higher |than |5.1 |may |present |in |patients |with |
Addison's |disease.
You |are |taking |a |patient's |blood |pressure |manually. |As |you |pump |up |the |cuff |above |the |
systolic |pressure |for |a |few |minutes |you |notice |that |the |patient |develop |a |carpal |spasm. |Which
|of |the |following |is |true?
A)This |is |known |as |Trousseau's |Sign |and |is |present |in |patients |with |hypocalemia
B)This |is |known |as |Trousseau's |Sign |and |is |present |in |patients |with |HYPERcalemia
C)This |is |known |as |Chvostek's |Sign |
D)The |patient |is |having |a |normal |nervous |response |to |an |inflating |blood |pressure |cuff |that |is |
inflated |above |the |systolic |pressure |- |ANSWER✔✔✔-A
The |correct |answer |is |"this |is |known |as |Trousseau's |Sign |and |is |present |in |patients |with |
hypocalemia". |Patient's |with |hypokalemia |may |present |with |a |positive |Trousseau's |and |
Chvostek |sign.
Which |patient |is |at |most |risk |for |hypomagnesemia?
A)A |55 |year |old |chronic |alcoholic
B)A |57 |year |old |with |hyperthroidism
C)A |patient |reporting |overuse |of |anatacids |and |laxatives |
