NUR 254 exam 3 (2025/2026): LATEST VERSION WITH VERIFIED QUESTIONS AND ACCURATE, DETAILED ANSWERS FROM TRUSTED SOURCES.

NUR 254 exam 3 (2025/2026): LATEST VERSION WITH VERIFIED QUESTIONS AND ACCURATE, DETAILED ANSWERS FROM TRUSTED SOURCES. Family Centered Care - ANSWER Aids in planning, delivery, & evaluation 1. Empowerment 2. Enabling Atraumatic Care - ANSWER Do no Harm 1.Prevent or Minimize Separation 2. Promote Sense of Control 3. Prevent or Minimize bodily injury or pain Role of pediatric Nurse - ANSWER Therapeutic relationship Family advocacy & caring Disease prevention & health promotion Health Teaching Injury Prevention Support & Counseling Coordination & Collaboration Ethical Decision Making Cephalocaudal - ANSWER head to tail; head grows before lower parts of body Infant controls head before trunk & extremities Proximodistal - ANSWER Near to far, midline to peripheral Infants control shoulders before hands Weight Should be.... - ANSWER 2x birth weight @ 6 months 3x birth weight @ 12 months Trust vs. Mistrust - ANSWER Birth to 1 year Cooing & crying, respond to nonverbal cues If not attended to mistrust develops Toys- rattle Autonomy vs Shame & Doubt - ANSWER 1-3 years Learn self control & willpower versus impulse Give choices Initiative vs. Guilt - ANSWER 3-6 years Direction & purpose Right vs. wrong- develop conscience Allow toddler to fully accomplish task Industry vs. Inferiority - ANSWER 6-12 years Why? Engage in task they can fully accomplish Understand cause & effect Identity vs role confusion - ANSWER 12-18 years Role confusion Confidentiality Functions of Play - ANSWER Sensorimotor & intellectual development Creativity Self awareness Therapeutic Value Morality Unoccupied Behavior - ANSWER No Purpose Focuses attention momentarily Onlooker Play (infant/toddler) - ANSWER Watching Solitary Play (Infant/Toddler) - ANSWER play alone with their interest centered on their own activity Parallel Play (Toddler 1 to 3) - ANSWER Play independently but next to each other Associative Play (Preschool 3 to 6) - ANSWER Children play together with no goal Children borrow or lend materials to play with Cooperative Play (School Age 6 to 12) - ANSWER Organized & in groups, have a goal Mark a sense of belonging or not Infant Communication - ANSWER Cooing & crying Responds to nonverbal cues Toddlers - ANSWER Egocentric Focus on communication on them School Age - ANSWER Wants reasons/explanations Why Cause & effect Adolescence - ANSWER Whether to talk to adolescence or parents Privacy Building foundation Communicate effectively Creative Communication - ANSWER Nurse will have to be creative when communicating with children Pain Scales - ANSWER NIP 2months FLACC 2 months to 7 years old Wong Baker- Faces- 3 to 4 years old Numeric Scales (0 to 10)- 8 years old to older Red Flags call HCP - ANSWER Posterior fontanelle open after 2 months Anterior fontanelle open after 18 months Weight Gain 2x @ 6 months Weight gain 4x @ 12 months Should babble @ 9 months Fontanelle bulging or sunken in Pediatric Assessment - ANSWER Interact with parents Child sits on parents lap Equipment out of sight Invasive last (BP, temp, ear exam) Ear Assessment - ANSWER 3- pinna down and back 3- pinna up & back Infant Milestones - ANSWER 1 month: grasp reflex 2 months: posterior fontanelle closes 3 months- hold objects 4 months: roll front to back, smiles, Moro gone 6 months: roll back to front, first sounds, teeth erupt, solid foods introduced 8 months: sits unsupported 9-12 months: starting to walk Toddler Milestones - ANSWER 15 months- creeps upstairs 18 months- anterior fontanelle closes 24 months- parallel play, egocentric, runs well 30 months- jumps both feet, starts potty training Screening for Lead Poisoning - ANSWER Universal screening done at 1 & 2 years old Preschooler Developmental Milestones - ANSWER 3 years- rides tricycle, walks upstairs with alternate feet, parallel & associative play 4 years- hops on 1 foot, uses scissors 5 years- associative play