Nursing: Heart Failure – Questions With Trusted
Solutions
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Terms in this set (63)
What is heart failure weakened heart fails to maintain adequate output
resulting in diminished blood flow so fluid is held in
tissues causing dyspnea (labored breathing)
reduced blood flow to kidneys causes secretion of
hormones that hold sodium and fluid leading to
weight gain
What are the primary causes of heart - CAD
failure? - hypertension
- rheumatic heart disease
- congenital heart defects
- cardiomyopathy
- hyperthyroidism
- valvular disorders
What are the Precipitating Causes of - acute conditions that increase the workload of the
heart failure? ventricle and result in decreased myocardial function
- anemia
- infection
- hypothyroidism
- dysrhythmias
- pulmonary disease
,What are the basic factors Causing the - increase in volume of blood to be pumped
Heart to Fail as a Pump? (increased preload)
- increase in resistance against which blood must be
pumped (increased afterload)
- decrease in heart's contractility
- decrease in filling of the cardiac chambers
What causes an increased Preload? - mitral regurgitation
- aortic regurgitation
- left-to-right shunts through atrial or ventricular
septal defects
What causes an increased afterload? - systemic hypertension
- aortic stenosis
What are some causes of heart - decrease in heart's contractility because of
failure? myocardial damage:
myocardial infarction
myocarditis
cardiomyopathy
- decrease in filling of the cardiac chambers because
the ventricle is constricted:
cardiac tamponade
pericarditis
What are the types of heart failure? - systolic failure
- diastolic failure
- mixed systolic and diastolic failure
What is Systolic Failure? - most common cause of heart failure
- heart is unable to pump blood effectively
, What are the causes of systolic heart - impaired contractile function due to (MI)
failure?
- increased afterload (hypertension)
- cardiomyopathy
- mechanical abnormalities (valvular heart disease)
How can the left ventricle cause loses its ability to generate enough pressure to eject
systolic failure? blood forward through the aorta
becomes thin walled, dilated, and hypertrophied
What is the end result in systolic decrease in left ventricular ejection fraction
failure?
What is Diastolic Failure? - impaired ability of the ventricles to relax and fill
during diastole
- decreased filling of the ventricles results in
decreased stroke volume and decreased cardiac
output
- high filling pressure due to stiff or noncompliant
ventricles and results in venous engorgement in both
the pulmonary and systemic vascular systems
How is diastolic failure diagnosed? - presence of pulmonary congestion, pulmonary
hypertension, ventricular hypertrophy, and a normal
ejection fraction
Solutions
Save
Terms in this set (63)
What is heart failure weakened heart fails to maintain adequate output
resulting in diminished blood flow so fluid is held in
tissues causing dyspnea (labored breathing)
reduced blood flow to kidneys causes secretion of
hormones that hold sodium and fluid leading to
weight gain
What are the primary causes of heart - CAD
failure? - hypertension
- rheumatic heart disease
- congenital heart defects
- cardiomyopathy
- hyperthyroidism
- valvular disorders
What are the Precipitating Causes of - acute conditions that increase the workload of the
heart failure? ventricle and result in decreased myocardial function
- anemia
- infection
- hypothyroidism
- dysrhythmias
- pulmonary disease
,What are the basic factors Causing the - increase in volume of blood to be pumped
Heart to Fail as a Pump? (increased preload)
- increase in resistance against which blood must be
pumped (increased afterload)
- decrease in heart's contractility
- decrease in filling of the cardiac chambers
What causes an increased Preload? - mitral regurgitation
- aortic regurgitation
- left-to-right shunts through atrial or ventricular
septal defects
What causes an increased afterload? - systemic hypertension
- aortic stenosis
What are some causes of heart - decrease in heart's contractility because of
failure? myocardial damage:
myocardial infarction
myocarditis
cardiomyopathy
- decrease in filling of the cardiac chambers because
the ventricle is constricted:
cardiac tamponade
pericarditis
What are the types of heart failure? - systolic failure
- diastolic failure
- mixed systolic and diastolic failure
What is Systolic Failure? - most common cause of heart failure
- heart is unable to pump blood effectively
, What are the causes of systolic heart - impaired contractile function due to (MI)
failure?
- increased afterload (hypertension)
- cardiomyopathy
- mechanical abnormalities (valvular heart disease)
How can the left ventricle cause loses its ability to generate enough pressure to eject
systolic failure? blood forward through the aorta
becomes thin walled, dilated, and hypertrophied
What is the end result in systolic decrease in left ventricular ejection fraction
failure?
What is Diastolic Failure? - impaired ability of the ventricles to relax and fill
during diastole
- decreased filling of the ventricles results in
decreased stroke volume and decreased cardiac
output
- high filling pressure due to stiff or noncompliant
ventricles and results in venous engorgement in both
the pulmonary and systemic vascular systems
How is diastolic failure diagnosed? - presence of pulmonary congestion, pulmonary
hypertension, ventricular hypertrophy, and a normal
ejection fraction
