UNE Pathophysiology Final Exam Questions
With Correct Answers
A |77 |year |old |lifetime |smoker |has |been |diagnosed |with |a |tumor |in |his |lung |at |the |site |of |an |
old |tubercle |scarring |site, |located |in |a |peripheral |area |of |his |bronchiolar |tissue. |What |is |this |
client's |most |likely |diagnosis? |
A. |Adenocarcinoma
B. |Squamos |cell |carcinoma
C. |Small |cell |lung |cancer
D. |Large |Cell |Carcinoma |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-Adenocarcinoma
When |educating |a |student |who |lives |in |a |crowded |apartment |and |diagnosed |with |
tuberculosis, |the |college |school |nurse |will |emphasis,
A. |Once |your |fever |goes |away, |you |cans |top |taking |the |streptomycin |injection. |
B. |If |isoniazid |makes |you |nauseous, |we |can |substitute |something |milder. |
C. |To |destroy |this |bacterium |you |must |strictly |adhere |to |a |long |term |drug |regiment
D. |You |will |have |to |wear |an |N95 |mask |while |on |campus |at |all |times. |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-
To |destroy |this |bacterium, |you |must |strictly |adhere |to |a |long |term |drug |regiment.
A |patient |with |small |cell |lung |cancer |has |developed |a |paraneoplastic |syndrome |called |Cushing |
syndrome. |Based |on |this |new |complication, |the |nurse |will |likely |assess |which |of |the |following |
manifestations |of |this |syndrome? |
A. |Weight |gain, |moon |face |and |buffalo |hump |and |purple |striae |on |the |abdomen
B. |Bilateral |edema |in |the |arms, |swollen |face, |and |protruding |eyes
C. |Severe |bone/joint |pain, |nausea/vomiting |and |polyuria
Tetany, |new |onset |seizure |activity, |emotional |lability, |and |extra |pyramidal. |- |CORRECT |
ANSWER✔✔-A. |Weight |gain, |moon |face |and |buffalo |hump |and |purple |striae |on |the |abdomen
,The |neonatal |ICU |nurse |is |aware |that |type |II |alveolar |cells |produce |surfactant, |and |they |
usually |develop |at |how |many |weeks |of |gestation? |
A. |17-18
B. |19-20
C. |24-28 |
D. |34-38 |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-C. |24-28
A |patient |who |has |been |on |a |high-protein |diet |comes |to |the |emergency |department |with |
respiratory |symptoms. |Upon |analysis |of |arterial |blood |gases |(ABGs), |the |patient |is |diagnosed |
with |hypercapnia. |The |nurse |will |note |the |ABG |results |that |confirm |this |diagnosis |include: |
Select |all |that |apply.
|
pH |7.31 |(normal |7.35 |to |7.45).
PO2 |of |97%.
PCO2 |of |58 |mm |Hg |(normal |38 |to |42).
Serum |HCO3 |of |33 |mEq/L |(normal |22 |to |28).
Serum |K+ |(potassium)of |3.6 |mmol/L |(normal |3.5 |to |5.0). |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-pH |7.31 |
(normal |7.35 |to |7.45).
PCO2 |of |58 |mm |Hg |(normal |38 |to |42).
Serum |HCO3 |of |33 |mEq/L |(normal |22 |to |28).
A |51-year-old |female |client |who |is |2 |days |postoperative |in |a |surgical |unit |of |a |hospital |is |at |
risk |of |developing |atelectasis |as |a |result |of |being |largely |immobile. |Which |of |the |following |
teaching |points |by |her |nurse |is |most |appropriate?
"You |should |breathe |deeply |and |cough |to |help |your |lungs |expand |as |much |as |possible |while |
you're |in |bed."
, "Being |in |bed |increases |the |risk |of |fluid |accumulating |between |your |lungs |and |their |lining, |so |
it's |important |for |you |to |change |positions |often."
"Make |sure |that |you |stay |hydrated |and |walk |as |soon |as |possible |to |avoid |us |having |to |insert |a |
chest |tube."
"I'll |proscribe |bronchodilator |medications |that |will |help |open |up |your |airways |and |allow |more |
oxygen |in." |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-"You |should |breathe |deeply |and |cough |to |help |your |lungs
|expand |as |much |as |possible |while |you're |in |bed."
A |patient |arrives |in |the |ED |after |an |automobile |accident. |Which |of |the |following |clinical |
manifestations |lead |the |nurse |to |suspect |a |pneumothorax? |Select |all |that |apply. |
Respiratory |rate |34
Asymmetrical |chest |movements, |especially |on |inspiration
Diminished |breath |sounds |over |the |painful |chest |area
Pulse |oximetry |98%
ABG |pH |level |of |7.38 |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-Respiratory |rate |34
|
Asymmetrical |chest |movements, |especially |on |inspiration
|
Diminished |breath |sounds |over |the |painful |chest |area
Upon |admission |to |the |ICU, |a |patient |with |a |history |of |cor |pulmonale |will |likely |be |exhibiting |
which |of |the |following |clinical |manifestations |of |right |heart |failure? |Select |all |that |apply.
Fine |crackles |throughout |both |lung |fields |
+4 |pitting |edema |in |lower |extremities
Expectorating |copious |amounts |of |frothy, |pink |sputum
| Jugular |vein |distension
| Altered |level |of |consciousness |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-+4 |pitting |edema |in |lower |extremities
| Jugular |vein |distension
| Altered |level |of |consciousness
With Correct Answers
A |77 |year |old |lifetime |smoker |has |been |diagnosed |with |a |tumor |in |his |lung |at |the |site |of |an |
old |tubercle |scarring |site, |located |in |a |peripheral |area |of |his |bronchiolar |tissue. |What |is |this |
client's |most |likely |diagnosis? |
A. |Adenocarcinoma
B. |Squamos |cell |carcinoma
C. |Small |cell |lung |cancer
D. |Large |Cell |Carcinoma |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-Adenocarcinoma
When |educating |a |student |who |lives |in |a |crowded |apartment |and |diagnosed |with |
tuberculosis, |the |college |school |nurse |will |emphasis,
A. |Once |your |fever |goes |away, |you |cans |top |taking |the |streptomycin |injection. |
B. |If |isoniazid |makes |you |nauseous, |we |can |substitute |something |milder. |
C. |To |destroy |this |bacterium |you |must |strictly |adhere |to |a |long |term |drug |regiment
D. |You |will |have |to |wear |an |N95 |mask |while |on |campus |at |all |times. |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-
To |destroy |this |bacterium, |you |must |strictly |adhere |to |a |long |term |drug |regiment.
A |patient |with |small |cell |lung |cancer |has |developed |a |paraneoplastic |syndrome |called |Cushing |
syndrome. |Based |on |this |new |complication, |the |nurse |will |likely |assess |which |of |the |following |
manifestations |of |this |syndrome? |
A. |Weight |gain, |moon |face |and |buffalo |hump |and |purple |striae |on |the |abdomen
B. |Bilateral |edema |in |the |arms, |swollen |face, |and |protruding |eyes
C. |Severe |bone/joint |pain, |nausea/vomiting |and |polyuria
Tetany, |new |onset |seizure |activity, |emotional |lability, |and |extra |pyramidal. |- |CORRECT |
ANSWER✔✔-A. |Weight |gain, |moon |face |and |buffalo |hump |and |purple |striae |on |the |abdomen
,The |neonatal |ICU |nurse |is |aware |that |type |II |alveolar |cells |produce |surfactant, |and |they |
usually |develop |at |how |many |weeks |of |gestation? |
A. |17-18
B. |19-20
C. |24-28 |
D. |34-38 |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-C. |24-28
A |patient |who |has |been |on |a |high-protein |diet |comes |to |the |emergency |department |with |
respiratory |symptoms. |Upon |analysis |of |arterial |blood |gases |(ABGs), |the |patient |is |diagnosed |
with |hypercapnia. |The |nurse |will |note |the |ABG |results |that |confirm |this |diagnosis |include: |
Select |all |that |apply.
|
pH |7.31 |(normal |7.35 |to |7.45).
PO2 |of |97%.
PCO2 |of |58 |mm |Hg |(normal |38 |to |42).
Serum |HCO3 |of |33 |mEq/L |(normal |22 |to |28).
Serum |K+ |(potassium)of |3.6 |mmol/L |(normal |3.5 |to |5.0). |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-pH |7.31 |
(normal |7.35 |to |7.45).
PCO2 |of |58 |mm |Hg |(normal |38 |to |42).
Serum |HCO3 |of |33 |mEq/L |(normal |22 |to |28).
A |51-year-old |female |client |who |is |2 |days |postoperative |in |a |surgical |unit |of |a |hospital |is |at |
risk |of |developing |atelectasis |as |a |result |of |being |largely |immobile. |Which |of |the |following |
teaching |points |by |her |nurse |is |most |appropriate?
"You |should |breathe |deeply |and |cough |to |help |your |lungs |expand |as |much |as |possible |while |
you're |in |bed."
, "Being |in |bed |increases |the |risk |of |fluid |accumulating |between |your |lungs |and |their |lining, |so |
it's |important |for |you |to |change |positions |often."
"Make |sure |that |you |stay |hydrated |and |walk |as |soon |as |possible |to |avoid |us |having |to |insert |a |
chest |tube."
"I'll |proscribe |bronchodilator |medications |that |will |help |open |up |your |airways |and |allow |more |
oxygen |in." |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-"You |should |breathe |deeply |and |cough |to |help |your |lungs
|expand |as |much |as |possible |while |you're |in |bed."
A |patient |arrives |in |the |ED |after |an |automobile |accident. |Which |of |the |following |clinical |
manifestations |lead |the |nurse |to |suspect |a |pneumothorax? |Select |all |that |apply. |
Respiratory |rate |34
Asymmetrical |chest |movements, |especially |on |inspiration
Diminished |breath |sounds |over |the |painful |chest |area
Pulse |oximetry |98%
ABG |pH |level |of |7.38 |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-Respiratory |rate |34
|
Asymmetrical |chest |movements, |especially |on |inspiration
|
Diminished |breath |sounds |over |the |painful |chest |area
Upon |admission |to |the |ICU, |a |patient |with |a |history |of |cor |pulmonale |will |likely |be |exhibiting |
which |of |the |following |clinical |manifestations |of |right |heart |failure? |Select |all |that |apply.
Fine |crackles |throughout |both |lung |fields |
+4 |pitting |edema |in |lower |extremities
Expectorating |copious |amounts |of |frothy, |pink |sputum
| Jugular |vein |distension
| Altered |level |of |consciousness |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-+4 |pitting |edema |in |lower |extremities
| Jugular |vein |distension
| Altered |level |of |consciousness
