WGU D265 Critical Thinking: Reason and Evidence
D265 Lesson Questions and terms With Correct
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PROPOSITIONS - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔-Are statements that can be true or false
NON-PROPOSITONS - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔-Are sentences that are not statements about matters of fact
or fiction. They do not make a claim that can be true or false.
SIMPLE PROPOSITIONS - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔-Have no internal logic structure, meaning whether they
are true or false does not depend on whether a part of them is true or false. They are simply true or
false on their own. (Example: Harry Potter wears glasses. The sky is blue.)
COMPLEX PROPOSITIONS - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔-Have internal logic structure, meaning they are
composed of simple propositions. Whether they are true or false depends on whether their parts are
true or false. (Example: The sky is blue, but it does not look blue to me right now. The cat ate the
food, but he did not like it. The GDP of Canada is either $3 trillion or $12 trillion.)
Words used to identify Independent Propositions - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔-AND, OR, EITHER, BUT, IF,
THEN.
CONCLUSION INDICATORS - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔-THEREFORE, SO, IT FOLLOWS THAT, HENCE, THUS,
ENTAILS THAT, WE MAY CONCLUDE THAT, IMPLIES THAT, WHEREFORE, AND AS A RESULT.
, PREMISE INDICATORS - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔-BECAUSE, FOR, GIVEN THAT, AS, SINCE, AS INDICATED BY.
DEDUCTIVE ARGUMENTS - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔-Arguments where the premises guarantee or
necessitate the conclusion.
-mathematical arguments, logical arguments, arguments from definition.
INDUCTION ARGUMENTS - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔-Arguments where the premises make the conclusion
probable.
-analogies, authority, causal inferences, extrapolations, etc.
INFERENCE TO THE BEST EXPLANATION OR ABDUCTION - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔-Arguments where the
best available explanation is chosen as the correct explanation.
FORMAL FALLACY - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔-Concerns the structure of an argument
INFORMAL FALLACY - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔-Concerns the informational content of an argument
While researching a topic on the internet, a student encounters two different websites, one of that
looks more official than the other and includes tables, charts, and statistics, while the other does
not.
What is the line of reasoning this student should employ to determine which site is more credib le? -
✔✔ANSWER✔✔-It is not feasible to determine which site is more credible from the information
provided.
In which way should an information source be approached if it is stating that it is the only source of
real information and that other sources cannot be trusted? - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔-Skeptically, because
the source may lack credibility.
PRINCIPLE OF CHARITY - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔-The principle of charity suggests we should try to
understand ideas before criticizing them.
Which of the following are reasons for applying the principle of charity? - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔-It is
morally right to give others the benefit of the doubt.
It allows for a clearer understanding of the issue.
D265 Lesson Questions and terms With Correct
Detailed Answers (Verified Answers) | Already Graded
A+
PROPOSITIONS - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔-Are statements that can be true or false
NON-PROPOSITONS - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔-Are sentences that are not statements about matters of fact
or fiction. They do not make a claim that can be true or false.
SIMPLE PROPOSITIONS - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔-Have no internal logic structure, meaning whether they
are true or false does not depend on whether a part of them is true or false. They are simply true or
false on their own. (Example: Harry Potter wears glasses. The sky is blue.)
COMPLEX PROPOSITIONS - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔-Have internal logic structure, meaning they are
composed of simple propositions. Whether they are true or false depends on whether their parts are
true or false. (Example: The sky is blue, but it does not look blue to me right now. The cat ate the
food, but he did not like it. The GDP of Canada is either $3 trillion or $12 trillion.)
Words used to identify Independent Propositions - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔-AND, OR, EITHER, BUT, IF,
THEN.
CONCLUSION INDICATORS - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔-THEREFORE, SO, IT FOLLOWS THAT, HENCE, THUS,
ENTAILS THAT, WE MAY CONCLUDE THAT, IMPLIES THAT, WHEREFORE, AND AS A RESULT.
, PREMISE INDICATORS - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔-BECAUSE, FOR, GIVEN THAT, AS, SINCE, AS INDICATED BY.
DEDUCTIVE ARGUMENTS - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔-Arguments where the premises guarantee or
necessitate the conclusion.
-mathematical arguments, logical arguments, arguments from definition.
INDUCTION ARGUMENTS - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔-Arguments where the premises make the conclusion
probable.
-analogies, authority, causal inferences, extrapolations, etc.
INFERENCE TO THE BEST EXPLANATION OR ABDUCTION - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔-Arguments where the
best available explanation is chosen as the correct explanation.
FORMAL FALLACY - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔-Concerns the structure of an argument
INFORMAL FALLACY - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔-Concerns the informational content of an argument
While researching a topic on the internet, a student encounters two different websites, one of that
looks more official than the other and includes tables, charts, and statistics, while the other does
not.
What is the line of reasoning this student should employ to determine which site is more credib le? -
✔✔ANSWER✔✔-It is not feasible to determine which site is more credible from the information
provided.
In which way should an information source be approached if it is stating that it is the only source of
real information and that other sources cannot be trusted? - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔-Skeptically, because
the source may lack credibility.
PRINCIPLE OF CHARITY - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔-The principle of charity suggests we should try to
understand ideas before criticizing them.
Which of the following are reasons for applying the principle of charity? - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔-It is
morally right to give others the benefit of the doubt.
It allows for a clearer understanding of the issue.
