Bio 110 Wake Tech Exam 2 Study
Guide Questions with Correct
Answers
Transcription - ANSWERSA process where DNA sequence in a gene is copied into
mRNA
Translation - ANSWERSA process where mRNA is decoded and a protein is produced
Translation + Transcription Steps - ANSWERSInitiation, elongation, and termination
Chargaff's rules, the base-pairing rules, state that in DNA: - ANSWERSA=T and C=G
The end product of translation is: - ANSWERSProtein
Difference between DNA and RNA - ANSWERSDNA: Deoxyribose Sugar, AT, CG,
Double-stranded, Remains in the Nucleus;
RNA: Ribose Sugar, AU, CG, Single-stranded Helix, Found in Nucleus and Cytoplasm
Role of Transfer RNA (tRNA) - ANSWERSTo decode information.
Consists of two processes:
1. tRNA must covalently bind one amino acid;
2. tRNA must be able to recognize the codon.
tRNA and mRNA - ANSWERS-mRNA transcribes, tRNA translates
-mRNA nucleus, tRNA cytoplasm
-mRNA carries the message, tRNA picks up amino acids
Protein synthesis - ANSWERSThe formation of proteins based on information in DNA;
carried out by RNA
Codon, Anticodon - ANSWERSCodon: a sequence of three nucleotides that together
form a unit of genetic code
Anticodon: a sequence of three nucleotides forming a unit of genetic code in a transfer
RNA molecule, corresponding to a complementary codon in messenger RNA.
Point Mutation - ANSWERSA gene mutation in which a single base pair in DNA has
been changed
Guide Questions with Correct
Answers
Transcription - ANSWERSA process where DNA sequence in a gene is copied into
mRNA
Translation - ANSWERSA process where mRNA is decoded and a protein is produced
Translation + Transcription Steps - ANSWERSInitiation, elongation, and termination
Chargaff's rules, the base-pairing rules, state that in DNA: - ANSWERSA=T and C=G
The end product of translation is: - ANSWERSProtein
Difference between DNA and RNA - ANSWERSDNA: Deoxyribose Sugar, AT, CG,
Double-stranded, Remains in the Nucleus;
RNA: Ribose Sugar, AU, CG, Single-stranded Helix, Found in Nucleus and Cytoplasm
Role of Transfer RNA (tRNA) - ANSWERSTo decode information.
Consists of two processes:
1. tRNA must covalently bind one amino acid;
2. tRNA must be able to recognize the codon.
tRNA and mRNA - ANSWERS-mRNA transcribes, tRNA translates
-mRNA nucleus, tRNA cytoplasm
-mRNA carries the message, tRNA picks up amino acids
Protein synthesis - ANSWERSThe formation of proteins based on information in DNA;
carried out by RNA
Codon, Anticodon - ANSWERSCodon: a sequence of three nucleotides that together
form a unit of genetic code
Anticodon: a sequence of three nucleotides forming a unit of genetic code in a transfer
RNA molecule, corresponding to a complementary codon in messenger RNA.
Point Mutation - ANSWERSA gene mutation in which a single base pair in DNA has
been changed
