CORRECT ANSWERS (VERIFIED ANSWERS) PLUS
RATIONALES -2026 |NSTANT DOWNLOAD PDF
1. All lawyers are skilled in argumentation. Some judges are
lawyers. Which of the following is necessarily true?
A. All judges are skilled in argumentation
B. Some judges are skilled in argumentation
C. No judge is skilled in argumentation
D. Some lawyers are not skilled in argumentation
Correct Answer: B
Italic Rationale: Since some judges are lawyers, and all lawyers
are skilled, some judges must be skilled.
2. The mayor claims that increasing city taxes will reduce
crime. Which assumption underlies the argument?
A. Crime is unrelated to taxes
B. Citizens respond to tax increases by changing behavior
C. Other crime-reducing measures are ineffective
D. Tax revenue will be spent efficiently
Correct Answer: B
Italic Rationale: The conclusion assumes that citizens’ behavior
changes in response to taxes.
,3. A new study finds that students who sleep more than 8
hours score higher on exams. The argument is flawed because
it assumes:
A. Sleep directly causes higher scores
B. Some students are sleep-deprived
C. Exams are graded fairly
D. All students take exams
Correct Answer: A
Italic Rationale: The argument assumes causation from
correlation, which may not be true.
4. Which of the following, if true, most strengthens the
argument that stricter school uniforms improve behavior?
A. Students dislike wearing uniforms
B. Schools with stricter uniforms report fewer fights
C. Uniforms cost money
D. Some students wear casual clothes anyway
Correct Answer: B
Italic Rationale: Evidence showing a direct link between
uniforms and behavior supports the argument.
5. A study finds that people who eat chocolate daily live
longer. The conclusion is most vulnerable because:
A. Chocolate contains sugar
B. The study is not peer-reviewed
,C. The correlation does not prove causation
D. People like chocolate
Correct Answer: C
Italic Rationale: Correlation alone cannot establish that
chocolate causes longer life.
6. Which of the following weakens the claim that online
learning improves student grades?
A. Some students prefer in-person classes
B. Students taking online courses perform worse than average
C. Online platforms are user-friendly
D. Teachers are trained in online teaching
Correct Answer: B
Italic Rationale: Evidence showing worse performance directly
contradicts the claim.
7. The politician argues that the new law will create jobs
because businesses will invest more. Which is an assumption?
A. Businesses are willing to invest
B. Businesses dislike taxes
C. Jobs are unrelated to investments
D. Laws are difficult to enforce
Correct Answer: A
Italic Rationale: The argument assumes businesses will indeed
invest as expected.
, 8. If the argument is valid, which must also be true?
A. All premises are true
B. The conclusion cannot be false if premises are true
C. The conclusion is always true
D. Some premises are irrelevant
Correct Answer: B
Italic Rationale: Validity means the conclusion logically follows
if the premises are true.
9. Which of the following is a parallel reasoning flaw to the
argument: “Since smoking is linked to lung disease, eating
candy must cause diabetes”?
A. Assuming correlation implies causation
B. Overgeneralization
C. False analogy
D. Circular reasoning
Correct Answer: A
Italic Rationale: The flaw confuses correlation with causation.
10. A company claims that its new software increases
productivity because users report satisfaction. The argument
is flawed because:
A. Satisfaction does not guarantee productivity
B. Users are truthful