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1. Drug interaction for Piperacillin (penicillin)?: Don't mix penicillin with Aminoglycosides!
Penicillin deactivates aminoglycoside.
Ex: Gentamicin, Tobramycin
2. MOA for penicillin?: disrupts bacterial cells wall which leads to cell death
3. Adverse effect of penicillin?: - Hypersensativity
- Anaphylactic reaction
(SOB, rash, angioedema, low BP, Abd Pain).
Stop med & Give epinephrine when this occurs.
4. High-risk patients for penicillin: - The elderly
- renal impairment - Infants
(reduce the dose)
5. What's the cross-reactivity with penicillin (beta lactam ring)?: Small chance you will also be allergic to
Cephalosporins (ceph or cef prefix)
Carbapenems (penem suffix)
6. High risk population for gentamicin?: Think Not GENtle on Prengnant
- renal impairment
, - pregnant
7. Major adverse effects of gentamicin?: not GENTle to ears, kidneys, muscles, pregnant
- Ototoxicity
- nephrotoxicity
- neuromuscular blockade (general anesthetics / MG)
(causes flaccid paralysis / fatal respiratory depression) (treat with IV calcium gluconate)
8. gentamicin s/s of ototoxicity (HHTNV)?: -tinnitus, hearing loss, vertigo, headache, nausea.
(HHTNV)
9. What's the neuromuscular blockade reversal agent for gentamicin?: IV calcium gluconate.
10. Therapeutic use for Fosfomycin?: UTI-single dose
(E. coli or Enterococcus faecalis)
11. Drug interaction for Cefotetan / Cefazolin?
MOA: 2nd Gen cephalosporin (cell wall inhib)
ALCOHOL causes disulfiram reaction (flushing, palpitation, N/V).
12. Adverse effect of Vancomycin?: Red man in the van - Vancomycin
- Red Man Syndrome, red from the torso up
- Ototoxicity (rare) - Renal Failure
V/S:
, - hypotension
- tachycardia
This occurs when an infusion is given too quickly.
13. First-line drug use for tetracycline?: - Rickettsia disease
- Chlamydia
- Lyme disease
- Acne
14. Adverse effects of tetracycline?: Think - LTT me ride your tetracycle
- Long bone suppression
- teeth discoloration
- Teratogenic preg/breast feeding (must avoid this drug)
15. Food interaction with tetracycline?
What does it decrease?: Milk products suppress absorption
- Calciums
- Irons
- Magnesium
- Antacids
- Decreases Digoxin / Warfarin levels
, - Decreases PO contraceptive effectiveness
16. Adverse effect of trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (Bactrim)?: - Kernicterus in neonates (elevated bilirubin / brain
damage)
- renal damage
- birth defects in 1st trimester
17. For a patient taking trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (Bactrim), what statement indicates that symptoms
are not improving?: I'm having flank pain.
18. Major adverse effects for fluroquinolones: Suffix: floxacin
ciprofloxacin & levofloxacin: Think - old man said FLOX!!! my tendons and eyes hurt... but it was all in his head
- Elderly : confusion, psychosis, visual disturbance
- Tendon rupture/tendonitis (patient will complain of heel pain)
- phytotoxicity
19. Major adverse effect of Erythromycin: think - ERYTHing with my heart
- QT prolongation (lead to cardiac death)
- Ventricular dysrhthmias
- Ototoxicity
20. Drug use for Acyclovir?: Antiviral
- Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV)