MODULE 1 PORTAGE STUDY GUIDE 2026
EXAM QUESTIONS AND VERIFIED
ANSWERS 100% SOLVED
⩥ What is matter made up of Answer: Elements
⩥ What is the difference between Essential Elements and Trace
Elements? Answer: Essential elements are required for human life
Trace elements are required only in small quantities.
⩥ True or False: Elements can be broken down to simpler substances
Answer: False
⩥ How many naturally occurring elements are there? Answer: 92
⩥ What percent of the six elements make up an organism Answer: 98%
⩥ What are the six elements that make up 98% of an organism Answer:
carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen, phosphorus, and sulfur.
,⩥ What are formed when elements combine with one another? Answer:
Molecules
⩥ If the types of atoms in a molecule are different from each other what
is formed Answer: Compound
⩥ H20 (water) is what kind of molecule? Answer: A compound, because
it has two hydrogen atoms with a single oxygen atom.
⩥ What kind of molecules (or atoms) have a net electrical charge?
Answer: Ions
⩥ True or False: Ions can be negatively or positively charged? Answer:
True
⩥ An atom that gains an electrons becomes what kind of charge and
why? Answer: Negatively charged, because the number of electrons are
greater than the number of protons.
⩥ An atom that loses electrons becomes what kind of charger and why?
Answer: Positively charged, because the number of electrons are less
than the number of protons.
,⩥ Cations have what charge? Answer: positive
⩥ Anions have what charge? Answer: negative
⩥ As molecules are formed, electrons are transferred from one atom to
another resulting in the formation of Answer: cations or anions
⩥ Ionic bonds are generated based on what Answer: the attraction
between oppositely charged particles
⩥ A covalent bond occurs when Answer: electrons are shared by two
atoms to complete the valence shells of both. Usually between two non-
metals.
⩥ A relatively weak bond, that is often represented by a dotted line
because it is easily broken Answer: Hydrogen bond
⩥ Any molecule contain what can form hydrogen bonds Answer: O-H
or N-H
⩥ True or False: Hydrogen bonds are weak individually, but are fairly
strong in mass Answer: True
, ⩥ True or False: Hydrogen bonds cause water to have a relatively low
boiling point and freezing point Answer: False: they cause them to have
a relatively high
⩥ Four main types of biomacromolecules Answer: Carbohydrates,
lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids.
⩥ Each biomacromolecule is made up of Answer: many attached units
of smaller molecules called monomers
⩥ True or False (state why): Biomacromolecules are said to be polymers
Answer: True, because they contain many monomers.
⩥ What is the carbohydrate element constituent? Answer: C, H, O
⩥ What is the building block of carbohydrates? Answer:
monosaccharides
⩥ What is the major function of carbohydrates Answer: Energy
Metabolism
EXAM QUESTIONS AND VERIFIED
ANSWERS 100% SOLVED
⩥ What is matter made up of Answer: Elements
⩥ What is the difference between Essential Elements and Trace
Elements? Answer: Essential elements are required for human life
Trace elements are required only in small quantities.
⩥ True or False: Elements can be broken down to simpler substances
Answer: False
⩥ How many naturally occurring elements are there? Answer: 92
⩥ What percent of the six elements make up an organism Answer: 98%
⩥ What are the six elements that make up 98% of an organism Answer:
carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen, phosphorus, and sulfur.
,⩥ What are formed when elements combine with one another? Answer:
Molecules
⩥ If the types of atoms in a molecule are different from each other what
is formed Answer: Compound
⩥ H20 (water) is what kind of molecule? Answer: A compound, because
it has two hydrogen atoms with a single oxygen atom.
⩥ What kind of molecules (or atoms) have a net electrical charge?
Answer: Ions
⩥ True or False: Ions can be negatively or positively charged? Answer:
True
⩥ An atom that gains an electrons becomes what kind of charge and
why? Answer: Negatively charged, because the number of electrons are
greater than the number of protons.
⩥ An atom that loses electrons becomes what kind of charger and why?
Answer: Positively charged, because the number of electrons are less
than the number of protons.
,⩥ Cations have what charge? Answer: positive
⩥ Anions have what charge? Answer: negative
⩥ As molecules are formed, electrons are transferred from one atom to
another resulting in the formation of Answer: cations or anions
⩥ Ionic bonds are generated based on what Answer: the attraction
between oppositely charged particles
⩥ A covalent bond occurs when Answer: electrons are shared by two
atoms to complete the valence shells of both. Usually between two non-
metals.
⩥ A relatively weak bond, that is often represented by a dotted line
because it is easily broken Answer: Hydrogen bond
⩥ Any molecule contain what can form hydrogen bonds Answer: O-H
or N-H
⩥ True or False: Hydrogen bonds are weak individually, but are fairly
strong in mass Answer: True
, ⩥ True or False: Hydrogen bonds cause water to have a relatively low
boiling point and freezing point Answer: False: they cause them to have
a relatively high
⩥ Four main types of biomacromolecules Answer: Carbohydrates,
lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids.
⩥ Each biomacromolecule is made up of Answer: many attached units
of smaller molecules called monomers
⩥ True or False (state why): Biomacromolecules are said to be polymers
Answer: True, because they contain many monomers.
⩥ What is the carbohydrate element constituent? Answer: C, H, O
⩥ What is the building block of carbohydrates? Answer:
monosaccharides
⩥ What is the major function of carbohydrates Answer: Energy
Metabolism
