MODULE 1 PORTAGE EXAM 2026
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 100% SOLVED
⩥ what is the smallest biological unit of life. Answer: cell
⩥ what is a macromolecule. Answer: a complex molecule that is
composed from smaller subunits
⩥ what are the four main types of macromolecules. Answer: Proteins,
nucleic acids, lipids and polysaccharides
⩥ what various functions do proteins have in the cell. Answer: -facilitate
the movement of materials in or out of a cell
-act as enzymes that catalyze, or speed up, biochemical processes
-play a structural role
- enable movement
⩥ two major types of nucleic acids. Answer: DNA and RNA
,⩥ what is the role of DNA. Answer: contains a vast amount of
hereditary information and is responsible for the inheritable
characteristics of living organisms
⩥ what is the role of RNA. Answer: is responsible for deciphering the
hereditary information in DNA and using it to synthesize proteins.
⩥ what are nucleic acids. Answer: chemical molecules that carry genetic
information within the cell
⩥ what is the plasma membrane composed of. Answer: composed of
lipids (hydrophobic hydrocarbons)
⩥ what is the function of the plasma membrane. Answer: a surrounding
barrier that separates the inside of the cell from the outside surrounding
environment
- restricts the movement of materials either in/out of the cell
⩥ what is influx (plasma membrane). Answer: allowing a cells to absorb
and keep what is needed
, ⩥ what is outflux (plasma membrane). Answer: preventing the escape of
essential nutrients
⩥ what are the three main components of polysaccharides. Answer:
carbon, hydrogen, oxygen atoms
⩥ What is the primary difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic
cells?. Answer: eukaryotic cells have a nucleus
prokaryotic cells do not have a nucleus
⩥ What are the main morphologies of bacteria?. Answer: coccus,
bacillus , vibrio, spirillum
⩥ Describe bacteria coccus shape. Answer: (round/spherical)
⩥ describe bacteria bacillus shape. Answer: (rod)
⩥ describe bacteria vibrio shape. Answer: (curved rod)
⩥ describe bacteria spirillum shape. Answer: (spiral/corkscrew)
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 100% SOLVED
⩥ what is the smallest biological unit of life. Answer: cell
⩥ what is a macromolecule. Answer: a complex molecule that is
composed from smaller subunits
⩥ what are the four main types of macromolecules. Answer: Proteins,
nucleic acids, lipids and polysaccharides
⩥ what various functions do proteins have in the cell. Answer: -facilitate
the movement of materials in or out of a cell
-act as enzymes that catalyze, or speed up, biochemical processes
-play a structural role
- enable movement
⩥ two major types of nucleic acids. Answer: DNA and RNA
,⩥ what is the role of DNA. Answer: contains a vast amount of
hereditary information and is responsible for the inheritable
characteristics of living organisms
⩥ what is the role of RNA. Answer: is responsible for deciphering the
hereditary information in DNA and using it to synthesize proteins.
⩥ what are nucleic acids. Answer: chemical molecules that carry genetic
information within the cell
⩥ what is the plasma membrane composed of. Answer: composed of
lipids (hydrophobic hydrocarbons)
⩥ what is the function of the plasma membrane. Answer: a surrounding
barrier that separates the inside of the cell from the outside surrounding
environment
- restricts the movement of materials either in/out of the cell
⩥ what is influx (plasma membrane). Answer: allowing a cells to absorb
and keep what is needed
, ⩥ what is outflux (plasma membrane). Answer: preventing the escape of
essential nutrients
⩥ what are the three main components of polysaccharides. Answer:
carbon, hydrogen, oxygen atoms
⩥ What is the primary difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic
cells?. Answer: eukaryotic cells have a nucleus
prokaryotic cells do not have a nucleus
⩥ What are the main morphologies of bacteria?. Answer: coccus,
bacillus , vibrio, spirillum
⩥ Describe bacteria coccus shape. Answer: (round/spherical)
⩥ describe bacteria bacillus shape. Answer: (rod)
⩥ describe bacteria vibrio shape. Answer: (curved rod)
⩥ describe bacteria spirillum shape. Answer: (spiral/corkscrew)
