NURS 663 EXAM 1/ Study Guide Maryville-
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Terms in this set (157)
Piaget: 0-2yrs
object permanence by 2y/o; requires the ability to
form a mental representation (i.e., a schema) of the
object.
Sensory-Motor Period
Respond to stimuli; new people;
Response patterns: hand to mouth
Searches for hidden objects
understands causes not visible
Piaget: 2 to 7 years
punishment for bad deeds is unavoidable (immanent
justice)
think about things symbolically: a word or an object -
stand for something other than itself.
Egocentric: you do it too; difficulty taking another
view point.
Pre-operational Stage
Animistic: I'm afraid of the moon
Lack of hierarchy: where do the blocks go
Centration: I want it now!
Irreversibility: I don't know how to go back there
Tranducive reasoning: go the way Daddy goes
5-6 get humor; do chores
6-7 good memory, solve problems
, Piaget: 7 to 11 years
can think logically but still learn best from direct
experience.
thought is logical and reversible; the child
Concrete Operations understands classes, relationships, and part-whole
Period relationships dealing with concrete things.
understanding of conservation and reversibility:
conserve number (age 6), mass (age 7), and weight
(age 9).
Understand hierarchies
Piaget: 11 years to adulthood—development of logic
and reasoning and second-order thoughts: thinking
about thoughts.
the ability to think about abstract concepts, and
Formal (abstract)
logically test hypotheses.
Operational stage
Problem-solving is systematized and organized
manner, rather than through trial-and-error
Avoid things based on supposition of neg
consequences
Erickson: Infancy to 18 mo
If needs are dependably met, infants develop a sense
of basic trust; dependent on primary caregiver
attachment
Trust vs. Mistrust
Hope
temporal perspective vs time confusion
mutual recognition vs autistic isolation
psychopathology: psychosis, addiction, depression
, Erikson: 18 mo-3 yrs
learns to exercise will and to do things independently.
Holding on and letting go: speech, sphincter and
muscle control
Autonomy vs. Shame and
Will
Doubt
Will to be oneself vs doubt
Self-certainty vs self-consciousness
psychopath: paranoia, obsessions, compulsions,
impulsivity
Erikson: 3-5 yrs
independence in planning, playing and other
activities. beginnings of super-ego, conscience in
failure of the oedipal quest
Initiative vs. Guilt
Purpose
Anticipation of roles vs role inhibition
Role experimentation vs role fixation
psychopath: conversion disorder, inhibition
Erikson: 5 and 13 yrs
learns to be productive, work with others, division of
labor, acquisition of tools, identification with teachers
and occupations.
Competence
Industry vs. Inferiority
Task ID vs sense of futility
Apprenticeship vs work paralysis
If earlier stages fail or interruption of this stage:
inadequacy and inferiority
psychopath: creative inhibition, inertia
Erikson: 13-21 yrs
teenagers and young adults search for and become
their true selves. Comparison of self as viewed by
identity vs. role confusion others vs as viewed by self. Social roles important
Fidelity
psychopath: delinquent behavior; gender-related
identity; borderline psychotic episodes
Questions and Answers
Save
Terms in this set (157)
Piaget: 0-2yrs
object permanence by 2y/o; requires the ability to
form a mental representation (i.e., a schema) of the
object.
Sensory-Motor Period
Respond to stimuli; new people;
Response patterns: hand to mouth
Searches for hidden objects
understands causes not visible
Piaget: 2 to 7 years
punishment for bad deeds is unavoidable (immanent
justice)
think about things symbolically: a word or an object -
stand for something other than itself.
Egocentric: you do it too; difficulty taking another
view point.
Pre-operational Stage
Animistic: I'm afraid of the moon
Lack of hierarchy: where do the blocks go
Centration: I want it now!
Irreversibility: I don't know how to go back there
Tranducive reasoning: go the way Daddy goes
5-6 get humor; do chores
6-7 good memory, solve problems
, Piaget: 7 to 11 years
can think logically but still learn best from direct
experience.
thought is logical and reversible; the child
Concrete Operations understands classes, relationships, and part-whole
Period relationships dealing with concrete things.
understanding of conservation and reversibility:
conserve number (age 6), mass (age 7), and weight
(age 9).
Understand hierarchies
Piaget: 11 years to adulthood—development of logic
and reasoning and second-order thoughts: thinking
about thoughts.
the ability to think about abstract concepts, and
Formal (abstract)
logically test hypotheses.
Operational stage
Problem-solving is systematized and organized
manner, rather than through trial-and-error
Avoid things based on supposition of neg
consequences
Erickson: Infancy to 18 mo
If needs are dependably met, infants develop a sense
of basic trust; dependent on primary caregiver
attachment
Trust vs. Mistrust
Hope
temporal perspective vs time confusion
mutual recognition vs autistic isolation
psychopathology: psychosis, addiction, depression
, Erikson: 18 mo-3 yrs
learns to exercise will and to do things independently.
Holding on and letting go: speech, sphincter and
muscle control
Autonomy vs. Shame and
Will
Doubt
Will to be oneself vs doubt
Self-certainty vs self-consciousness
psychopath: paranoia, obsessions, compulsions,
impulsivity
Erikson: 3-5 yrs
independence in planning, playing and other
activities. beginnings of super-ego, conscience in
failure of the oedipal quest
Initiative vs. Guilt
Purpose
Anticipation of roles vs role inhibition
Role experimentation vs role fixation
psychopath: conversion disorder, inhibition
Erikson: 5 and 13 yrs
learns to be productive, work with others, division of
labor, acquisition of tools, identification with teachers
and occupations.
Competence
Industry vs. Inferiority
Task ID vs sense of futility
Apprenticeship vs work paralysis
If earlier stages fail or interruption of this stage:
inadequacy and inferiority
psychopath: creative inhibition, inertia
Erikson: 13-21 yrs
teenagers and young adults search for and become
their true selves. Comparison of self as viewed by
identity vs. role confusion others vs as viewed by self. Social roles important
Fidelity
psychopath: delinquent behavior; gender-related
identity; borderline psychotic episodes
