NURS 231 Module 3 Questions and Answers
Terms in this set (65)
-body's first line of defense
-in place before an infection takes place
What is innate immunity?
-can function immediately
-comprised of physical, cellular, and molecular defenses
, -closely packed cells continuously shed and renew
-keratin creates salty, acidic environment inhospitable to microbes
How does skin act as a physical barrier?
-contains antimicrobial proteins and lysosomes that inhibit and destroy
microorganisms
-neutrophils
-macrophages
What cells are involved in innate immunity? -dendritic cells (DC)
-natural killer (NK) cells
-intraepithelial lymphocytes
are leukocytes that contain granules and include neutrophils, eosinophils, and
What are granulocytes ? examples
basophils.
are leukocytes that lack granules and include monocytes, macrophages, and
What are agranulocytes? examples
lymphocytes.
the most abundant in the body and are an early responder in innate immunity and
what are Neutrophils?
use phagocytosis to kill microbes.
Eosinophils are active in parasitic infections and allergic responses
Basophils release histamine and proteolytic enzymes
are the largest in size and are released from the bone marrow and mature into
Monocytes macrophages and dendritic cells where they engage in the inflammatory
response and phagocytize foreign substances and cellular debris.
have a long life span, reside in the tissues, and are the first phagocyte that
organisms encounter.
Macrophages
Neutrophils and macrophages work together on behalf of the host’s initial defense
system.
-spontaneously kills target organisms
-kills some types of tumor/infected cells w/o previous exposure to surface antigens
-limit spread of infection
Natural killer (NK)
-assist development of adaptive immune responses through cytokine production
-help w/dendritic cell maturation
-help w/innate immune control of viral infections
-capture foreign agents and transport them to peripheral lymphoid organs
Dendritic cells (DC)
-are key antigen-presenting cells (APCs) capable of initiating adaptive immunity
-second line of defense
Describe adaptive immunity (acquired
-initiated in response to cell-specific substances (antigens)
immunity)
-destroy specific foreign agents based on their different antigenic properties
foreign substances that elicit an adaptive immune response when present in the
Antigens
body
What are the primary cells of adaptive the lymphocytes, APCs (antigen presenting cells), and effector cells.
immunity?
B lymphocytes produce the antibodies (humoral immunity) and T lymphocytes
provide the cell-mediated immunity.
Describe B & T lymphocytes and discuss
their role in immunity
only cells to recognize specific antigens present on the surface of pathogens and
to remember them in the future.
Terms in this set (65)
-body's first line of defense
-in place before an infection takes place
What is innate immunity?
-can function immediately
-comprised of physical, cellular, and molecular defenses
, -closely packed cells continuously shed and renew
-keratin creates salty, acidic environment inhospitable to microbes
How does skin act as a physical barrier?
-contains antimicrobial proteins and lysosomes that inhibit and destroy
microorganisms
-neutrophils
-macrophages
What cells are involved in innate immunity? -dendritic cells (DC)
-natural killer (NK) cells
-intraepithelial lymphocytes
are leukocytes that contain granules and include neutrophils, eosinophils, and
What are granulocytes ? examples
basophils.
are leukocytes that lack granules and include monocytes, macrophages, and
What are agranulocytes? examples
lymphocytes.
the most abundant in the body and are an early responder in innate immunity and
what are Neutrophils?
use phagocytosis to kill microbes.
Eosinophils are active in parasitic infections and allergic responses
Basophils release histamine and proteolytic enzymes
are the largest in size and are released from the bone marrow and mature into
Monocytes macrophages and dendritic cells where they engage in the inflammatory
response and phagocytize foreign substances and cellular debris.
have a long life span, reside in the tissues, and are the first phagocyte that
organisms encounter.
Macrophages
Neutrophils and macrophages work together on behalf of the host’s initial defense
system.
-spontaneously kills target organisms
-kills some types of tumor/infected cells w/o previous exposure to surface antigens
-limit spread of infection
Natural killer (NK)
-assist development of adaptive immune responses through cytokine production
-help w/dendritic cell maturation
-help w/innate immune control of viral infections
-capture foreign agents and transport them to peripheral lymphoid organs
Dendritic cells (DC)
-are key antigen-presenting cells (APCs) capable of initiating adaptive immunity
-second line of defense
Describe adaptive immunity (acquired
-initiated in response to cell-specific substances (antigens)
immunity)
-destroy specific foreign agents based on their different antigenic properties
foreign substances that elicit an adaptive immune response when present in the
Antigens
body
What are the primary cells of adaptive the lymphocytes, APCs (antigen presenting cells), and effector cells.
immunity?
B lymphocytes produce the antibodies (humoral immunity) and T lymphocytes
provide the cell-mediated immunity.
Describe B & T lymphocytes and discuss
their role in immunity
only cells to recognize specific antigens present on the surface of pathogens and
to remember them in the future.
